#ifndef _LINUX_KERNEL_H
  #define _LINUX_KERNEL_H
  
  /*
   * 'kernel.h' contains some often-used function prototypes etc
   */

  #define __ALIGN_KERNEL(x, a)		__ALIGN_KERNEL_MASK(x, (typeof(x))(a) - 1)
  #define __ALIGN_KERNEL_MASK(x, mask)	(((x) + (mask)) & ~(mask))

  
  #ifdef __KERNEL__
  
  #include <stdarg.h>
  #include <linux/linkage.h>
  #include <linux/stddef.h>
  #include <linux/types.h>
  #include <linux/compiler.h>
  #include <linux/bitops.h>

  #include <linux/log2.h>

  #include <linux/typecheck.h>

  #include <linux/printk.h>

  #include <linux/dynamic_debug.h>

  #include <asm/byteorder.h>
  #include <asm/bug.h>

  #define USHRT_MAX	((u16)(~0U))
  #define SHRT_MAX	((s16)(USHRT_MAX>>1))
  #define SHRT_MIN	((s16)(-SHRT_MAX - 1))

  #define INT_MAX		((int)(~0U>>1))
  #define INT_MIN		(-INT_MAX - 1)
  #define UINT_MAX	(~0U)
  #define LONG_MAX	((long)(~0UL>>1))
  #define LONG_MIN	(-LONG_MAX - 1)
  #define ULONG_MAX	(~0UL)

  #define LLONG_MAX	((long long)(~0ULL>>1))
  #define LLONG_MIN	(-LLONG_MAX - 1)
  #define ULLONG_MAX	(~0ULL)

  
  #define STACK_MAGIC	0xdeadbeef

  #define ALIGN(x, a)		__ALIGN_KERNEL((x), (a))

  #define __ALIGN_MASK(x, mask)	__ALIGN_KERNEL_MASK((x), (mask))

  #define PTR_ALIGN(p, a)		((typeof(p))ALIGN((unsigned long)(p), (a)))

  #define IS_ALIGNED(x, a)		(((x) & ((typeof(x))(a) - 1)) == 0)

  #define ARRAY_SIZE(arr) (sizeof(arr) / sizeof((arr)[0]) + __must_be_array(arr))

  /*
   * This looks more complex than it should be. But we need to
   * get the type for the ~ right in round_down (it needs to be
   * as wide as the result!), and we want to evaluate the macro
   * arguments just once each.
   */
  #define __round_mask(x, y) ((__typeof__(x))((y)-1))
  #define round_up(x, y) ((((x)-1) | __round_mask(x, y))+1)
  #define round_down(x, y) ((x) & ~__round_mask(x, y))

  #define FIELD_SIZEOF(t, f) (sizeof(((t*)0)->f))

  #define DIV_ROUND_UP(n,d) (((n) + (d) - 1) / (d))

  
  /* The `const' in roundup() prevents gcc-3.3 from calling __divdi3 */

  #define roundup(x, y) (					\
  {							\

  	const typeof(y) __y = y;			\

  	(((x) + (__y - 1)) / __y) * __y;		\
  }							\
  )

  #define rounddown(x, y) (				\
  {							\
  	typeof(x) __x = (x);				\
  	__x - (__x % (y));				\
  }							\
  )

  #define DIV_ROUND_CLOSEST(x, divisor)(			\
  {							\
  	typeof(divisor) __divisor = divisor;		\
  	(((x) + ((__divisor) / 2)) / (__divisor));	\
  }							\
  )

  #define _RET_IP_		(unsigned long)__builtin_return_address(0)
  #define _THIS_IP_  ({ __label__ __here; __here: (unsigned long)&&__here; })

  #ifdef CONFIG_LBDAF

  # include <asm/div64.h>
  # define sector_div(a, b) do_div(a, b)
  #else
  # define sector_div(n, b)( \
  { \
  	int _res; \
  	_res = (n) % (b); \
  	(n) /= (b); \
  	_res; \
  } \
  )
  #endif

  /**
   * upper_32_bits - return bits 32-63 of a number
   * @n: the number we're accessing
   *
   * A basic shift-right of a 64- or 32-bit quantity.  Use this to suppress
   * the "right shift count >= width of type" warning when that quantity is
   * 32-bits.
   */
  #define upper_32_bits(n) ((u32)(((n) >> 16) >> 16))

  /**
   * lower_32_bits - return bits 0-31 of a number
   * @n: the number we're accessing
   */
  #define lower_32_bits(n) ((u32)(n))

  struct completion;

  struct pt_regs;
  struct user;

  #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_VOLUNTARY
  extern int _cond_resched(void);
  # define might_resched() _cond_resched()
  #else
  # define might_resched() do { } while (0)
  #endif

  #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_SPINLOCK_SLEEP

    void __might_sleep(const char *file, int line, int preempt_offset);

  /**
   * might_sleep - annotation for functions that can sleep
   *
   * this macro will print a stack trace if it is executed in an atomic
   * context (spinlock, irq-handler, ...).
   *
   * This is a useful debugging help to be able to catch problems early and not

   * be bitten later when the calling function happens to sleep when it is not

   * supposed to.
   */

  # define might_sleep() \

  	do { __might_sleep(__FILE__, __LINE__, 0); might_resched(); } while (0)

  #else

    static inline void __might_sleep(const char *file, int line,
  				   int preempt_offset) { }

  # define might_sleep() do { might_resched(); } while (0)

  #endif

  #define might_sleep_if(cond) do { if (cond) might_sleep(); } while (0)

  /*
   * abs() handles unsigned and signed longs, ints, shorts and chars.  For all
   * input types abs() returns a signed long.
   * abs() should not be used for 64-bit types (s64, u64, long long) - use abs64()
   * for those.
   */
  #define abs(x) ({						\
  		long ret;					\
  		if (sizeof(x) == sizeof(long)) {		\
  			long __x = (x);				\
  			ret = (__x < 0) ? -__x : __x;		\
  		} else {					\
  			int __x = (x);				\
  			ret = (__x < 0) ? -__x : __x;		\
  		}						\
  		ret;						\

  	})

  #define abs64(x) ({				\
  		s64 __x = (x);			\
  		(__x < 0) ? -__x : __x;		\
  	})

  #ifdef CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING
  void might_fault(void);
  #else
  static inline void might_fault(void)
  {
  	might_sleep();
  }
  #endif

  extern struct atomic_notifier_head panic_notifier_list;

  extern long (*panic_blink)(int state);

  NORET_TYPE void panic(const char * fmt, ...)

  	__attribute__ ((NORET_AND format (printf, 1, 2))) __cold;

  extern void oops_enter(void);
  extern void oops_exit(void);

  void print_oops_end_marker(void);

  extern int oops_may_print(void);

  NORET_TYPE void do_exit(long error_code)

  	ATTRIB_NORET;
  NORET_TYPE void complete_and_exit(struct completion *, long)
  	ATTRIB_NORET;
  extern unsigned long simple_strtoul(const char *,char **,unsigned int);
  extern long simple_strtol(const char *,char **,unsigned int);
  extern unsigned long long simple_strtoull(const char *,char **,unsigned int);
  extern long long simple_strtoll(const char *,char **,unsigned int);

  extern int __must_check strict_strtoul(const char *, unsigned int, unsigned long *);
  extern int __must_check strict_strtol(const char *, unsigned int, long *);
  extern int __must_check strict_strtoull(const char *, unsigned int, unsigned long long *);
  extern int __must_check strict_strtoll(const char *, unsigned int, long long *);

  extern int sprintf(char * buf, const char * fmt, ...)
  	__attribute__ ((format (printf, 2, 3)));
  extern int vsprintf(char *buf, const char *, va_list)
  	__attribute__ ((format (printf, 2, 0)));
  extern int snprintf(char * buf, size_t size, const char * fmt, ...)
  	__attribute__ ((format (printf, 3, 4)));
  extern int vsnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
  	__attribute__ ((format (printf, 3, 0)));
  extern int scnprintf(char * buf, size_t size, const char * fmt, ...)
  	__attribute__ ((format (printf, 3, 4)));
  extern int vscnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
  	__attribute__ ((format (printf, 3, 0)));

  extern char *kasprintf(gfp_t gfp, const char *fmt, ...)
  	__attribute__ ((format (printf, 2, 3)));

  extern char *kvasprintf(gfp_t gfp, const char *fmt, va_list args);

  
  extern int sscanf(const char *, const char *, ...)
  	__attribute__ ((format (scanf, 2, 3)));
  extern int vsscanf(const char *, const char *, va_list)
  	__attribute__ ((format (scanf, 2, 0)));
  
  extern int get_option(char **str, int *pint);
  extern char *get_options(const char *str, int nints, int *ints);

  extern unsigned long long memparse(const char *ptr, char **retptr);

  extern int core_kernel_text(unsigned long addr);

  extern int __kernel_text_address(unsigned long addr);
  extern int kernel_text_address(unsigned long addr);

  extern int func_ptr_is_kernel_text(void *ptr);

  struct pid;
  extern struct pid *session_of_pgrp(struct pid *pgrp);

  unsigned long int_sqrt(unsigned long);

  extern void bust_spinlocks(int yes);

  extern void wake_up_klogd(void);

  extern int oops_in_progress;		/* If set, an oops, panic(), BUG() or die() is in progress */

  extern int panic_timeout;

  extern int panic_on_oops;

  extern int panic_on_unrecovered_nmi;

  extern int panic_on_io_nmi;

  extern const char *print_tainted(void);

  extern void add_taint(unsigned flag);
  extern int test_taint(unsigned flag);
  extern unsigned long get_taint(void);

  extern int root_mountflags;

  extern bool early_boot_irqs_disabled;

  /* Values used for system_state */
  extern enum system_states {
  	SYSTEM_BOOTING,
  	SYSTEM_RUNNING,
  	SYSTEM_HALT,
  	SYSTEM_POWER_OFF,
  	SYSTEM_RESTART,

  	SYSTEM_SUSPEND_DISK,

  } system_state;

  #define TAINT_PROPRIETARY_MODULE	0
  #define TAINT_FORCED_MODULE		1
  #define TAINT_UNSAFE_SMP		2
  #define TAINT_FORCED_RMMOD		3
  #define TAINT_MACHINE_CHECK		4
  #define TAINT_BAD_PAGE			5
  #define TAINT_USER			6
  #define TAINT_DIE			7
  #define TAINT_OVERRIDDEN_ACPI_TABLE	8
  #define TAINT_WARN			9

  #define TAINT_CRAP			10

  #define TAINT_FIRMWARE_WORKAROUND	11

  extern const char hex_asc[];
  #define hex_asc_lo(x)	hex_asc[((x) & 0x0f)]
  #define hex_asc_hi(x)	hex_asc[((x) & 0xf0) >> 4]
  
  static inline char *pack_hex_byte(char *buf, u8 byte)
  {
  	*buf++ = hex_asc_hi(byte);
  	*buf++ = hex_asc_lo(byte);
  	return buf;
  }

  extern int hex_to_bin(char ch);

  extern void hex2bin(u8 *dst, const char *src, size_t count);

  /*

   * General tracing related utility functions - trace_printk(),

   * tracing_on/tracing_off and tracing_start()/tracing_stop
   *
   * Use tracing_on/tracing_off when you want to quickly turn on or off
   * tracing. It simply enables or disables the recording of the trace events.

   * This also corresponds to the user space /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/tracing_on

   * file, which gives a means for the kernel and userspace to interact.
   * Place a tracing_off() in the kernel where you want tracing to end.
   * From user space, examine the trace, and then echo 1 > tracing_on
   * to continue tracing.
   *
   * tracing_stop/tracing_start has slightly more overhead. It is used
   * by things like suspend to ram where disabling the recording of the
   * trace is not enough, but tracing must actually stop because things
   * like calling smp_processor_id() may crash the system.
   *
   * Most likely, you want to use tracing_on/tracing_off.

   */

  #ifdef CONFIG_RING_BUFFER
  void tracing_on(void);
  void tracing_off(void);
  /* trace_off_permanent stops recording with no way to bring it back */
  void tracing_off_permanent(void);
  int tracing_is_on(void);
  #else
  static inline void tracing_on(void) { }
  static inline void tracing_off(void) { }
  static inline void tracing_off_permanent(void) { }
  static inline int tracing_is_on(void) { return 0; }
  #endif

  
  enum ftrace_dump_mode {
  	DUMP_NONE,
  	DUMP_ALL,
  	DUMP_ORIG,
  };

  #ifdef CONFIG_TRACING
  extern void tracing_start(void);
  extern void tracing_stop(void);
  extern void ftrace_off_permanent(void);

  static inline void __attribute__ ((format (printf, 1, 2)))
  ____trace_printk_check_format(const char *fmt, ...)
  {
  }
  #define __trace_printk_check_format(fmt, args...)			\
  do {									\
  	if (0)								\
  		____trace_printk_check_format(fmt, ##args);		\
  } while (0)

  /**
   * trace_printk - printf formatting in the ftrace buffer
   * @fmt: the printf format for printing
   *
   * Note: __trace_printk is an internal function for trace_printk and
   *       the @ip is passed in via the trace_printk macro.
   *
   * This function allows a kernel developer to debug fast path sections
   * that printk is not appropriate for. By scattering in various
   * printk like tracing in the code, a developer can quickly see
   * where problems are occurring.
   *
   * This is intended as a debugging tool for the developer only.
   * Please refrain from leaving trace_printks scattered around in
   * your code.
   */

  
  #define trace_printk(fmt, args...)					\
  do {									\

  	__trace_printk_check_format(fmt, ##args);			\

  	if (__builtin_constant_p(fmt)) {				\
  		static const char *trace_printk_fmt			\
  		  __attribute__((section("__trace_printk_fmt"))) =	\
  			__builtin_constant_p(fmt) ? fmt : NULL;		\
  									\
  		__trace_bprintk(_THIS_IP_, trace_printk_fmt, ##args);	\
  	} else								\
  		__trace_printk(_THIS_IP_, fmt, ##args);		\

  } while (0)

  extern int

  __trace_bprintk(unsigned long ip, const char *fmt, ...)
  	__attribute__ ((format (printf, 2, 3)));
  
  extern int

  __trace_printk(unsigned long ip, const char *fmt, ...)
  	__attribute__ ((format (printf, 2, 3)));

  extern void trace_dump_stack(void);

  /*
   * The double __builtin_constant_p is because gcc will give us an error
   * if we try to allocate the static variable to fmt if it is not a
   * constant. Even with the outer if statement.
   */

  #define ftrace_vprintk(fmt, vargs)					\
  do {									\

  	if (__builtin_constant_p(fmt)) {				\
  		static const char *trace_printk_fmt			\
  		  __attribute__((section("__trace_printk_fmt"))) =	\
  			__builtin_constant_p(fmt) ? fmt : NULL;		\

  									\

  		__ftrace_vbprintk(_THIS_IP_, trace_printk_fmt, vargs);	\
  	} else								\
  		__ftrace_vprintk(_THIS_IP_, fmt, vargs);		\

  } while (0)

  extern int

  __ftrace_vbprintk(unsigned long ip, const char *fmt, va_list ap);
  
  extern int

  __ftrace_vprintk(unsigned long ip, const char *fmt, va_list ap);

  extern void ftrace_dump(enum ftrace_dump_mode oops_dump_mode);

  #else

  static inline int
  trace_printk(const char *fmt, ...) __attribute__ ((format (printf, 1, 2)));
  
  static inline void tracing_start(void) { }
  static inline void tracing_stop(void) { }
  static inline void ftrace_off_permanent(void) { }

  static inline void trace_dump_stack(void) { }

  static inline int
  trace_printk(const char *fmt, ...)
  {
  	return 0;
  }
  static inline int
  ftrace_vprintk(const char *fmt, va_list ap)
  {
  	return 0;
  }

  static inline void ftrace_dump(enum ftrace_dump_mode oops_dump_mode) { }

  #endif /* CONFIG_TRACING */

  
  /*

   * min()/max()/clamp() macros that also do

   * strict type-checking.. See the
   * "unnecessary" pointer comparison.
   */

  #define min(x, y) ({				\
  	typeof(x) _min1 = (x);			\
  	typeof(y) _min2 = (y);			\
  	(void) (&_min1 == &_min2);		\
  	_min1 < _min2 ? _min1 : _min2; })
  
  #define max(x, y) ({				\
  	typeof(x) _max1 = (x);			\
  	typeof(y) _max2 = (y);			\
  	(void) (&_max1 == &_max2);		\
  	_max1 > _max2 ? _max1 : _max2; })

  #define min3(x, y, z) ({			\
  	typeof(x) _min1 = (x);			\
  	typeof(y) _min2 = (y);			\
  	typeof(z) _min3 = (z);			\
  	(void) (&_min1 == &_min2);		\
  	(void) (&_min1 == &_min3);		\
  	_min1 < _min2 ? (_min1 < _min3 ? _min1 : _min3) : \
  		(_min2 < _min3 ? _min2 : _min3); })
  
  #define max3(x, y, z) ({			\
  	typeof(x) _max1 = (x);			\
  	typeof(y) _max2 = (y);			\
  	typeof(z) _max3 = (z);			\
  	(void) (&_max1 == &_max2);		\
  	(void) (&_max1 == &_max3);		\
  	_max1 > _max2 ? (_max1 > _max3 ? _max1 : _max3) : \
  		(_max2 > _max3 ? _max2 : _max3); })

  /**

   * min_not_zero - return the minimum that is _not_ zero, unless both are zero
   * @x: value1
   * @y: value2
   */
  #define min_not_zero(x, y) ({			\
  	typeof(x) __x = (x);			\
  	typeof(y) __y = (y);			\
  	__x == 0 ? __y : ((__y == 0) ? __x : min(__x, __y)); })
  
  /**

   * clamp - return a value clamped to a given range with strict typechecking
   * @val: current value
   * @min: minimum allowable value
   * @max: maximum allowable value
   *
   * This macro does strict typechecking of min/max to make sure they are of the
   * same type as val.  See the unnecessary pointer comparisons.
   */
  #define clamp(val, min, max) ({			\
  	typeof(val) __val = (val);		\
  	typeof(min) __min = (min);		\
  	typeof(max) __max = (max);		\
  	(void) (&__val == &__min);		\
  	(void) (&__val == &__max);		\
  	__val = __val < __min ? __min: __val;	\
  	__val > __max ? __max: __val; })

  
  /*
   * ..and if you can't take the strict
   * types, you can specify one yourself.
   *

   * Or not use min/max/clamp at all, of course.
   */
  #define min_t(type, x, y) ({			\
  	type __min1 = (x);			\
  	type __min2 = (y);			\
  	__min1 < __min2 ? __min1: __min2; })
  
  #define max_t(type, x, y) ({			\
  	type __max1 = (x);			\
  	type __max2 = (y);			\
  	__max1 > __max2 ? __max1: __max2; })
  
  /**
   * clamp_t - return a value clamped to a given range using a given type
   * @type: the type of variable to use
   * @val: current value
   * @min: minimum allowable value
   * @max: maximum allowable value
   *
   * This macro does no typechecking and uses temporary variables of type
   * 'type' to make all the comparisons.

   */

  #define clamp_t(type, val, min, max) ({		\
  	type __val = (val);			\
  	type __min = (min);			\
  	type __max = (max);			\
  	__val = __val < __min ? __min: __val;	\
  	__val > __max ? __max: __val; })

  /**
   * clamp_val - return a value clamped to a given range using val's type
   * @val: current value
   * @min: minimum allowable value
   * @max: maximum allowable value
   *
   * This macro does no typechecking and uses temporary variables of whatever
   * type the input argument 'val' is.  This is useful when val is an unsigned
   * type and min and max are literals that will otherwise be assigned a signed
   * integer type.
   */
  #define clamp_val(val, min, max) ({		\
  	typeof(val) __val = (val);		\
  	typeof(val) __min = (min);		\
  	typeof(val) __max = (max);		\
  	__val = __val < __min ? __min: __val;	\
  	__val > __max ? __max: __val; })

  
  /*
   * swap - swap value of @a and @b
   */

  #define swap(a, b) \
  	do { typeof(a) __tmp = (a); (a) = (b); (b) = __tmp; } while (0)

  /**
   * container_of - cast a member of a structure out to the containing structure

   * @ptr:	the pointer to the member.
   * @type:	the type of the container struct this is embedded in.
   * @member:	the name of the member within the struct.
   *
   */
  #define container_of(ptr, type, member) ({			\

  	const typeof( ((type *)0)->member ) *__mptr = (ptr);	\
  	(type *)( (char *)__mptr - offsetof(type,member) );})

  struct sysinfo;
  extern int do_sysinfo(struct sysinfo *info);

  #endif /* __KERNEL__ */
  
  #define SI_LOAD_SHIFT	16
  struct sysinfo {
  	long uptime;			/* Seconds since boot */
  	unsigned long loads[3];		/* 1, 5, and 15 minute load averages */
  	unsigned long totalram;		/* Total usable main memory size */
  	unsigned long freeram;		/* Available memory size */
  	unsigned long sharedram;	/* Amount of shared memory */
  	unsigned long bufferram;	/* Memory used by buffers */
  	unsigned long totalswap;	/* Total swap space size */
  	unsigned long freeswap;		/* swap space still available */
  	unsigned short procs;		/* Number of current processes */
  	unsigned short pad;		/* explicit padding for m68k */
  	unsigned long totalhigh;	/* Total high memory size */
  	unsigned long freehigh;		/* Available high memory size */
  	unsigned int mem_unit;		/* Memory unit size in bytes */
  	char _f[20-2*sizeof(long)-sizeof(int)];	/* Padding: libc5 uses this.. */
  };

  /* Force a compilation error if a constant expression is not a power of 2 */
  #define BUILD_BUG_ON_NOT_POWER_OF_2(n)			\
  	BUILD_BUG_ON((n) == 0 || (((n) & ((n) - 1)) != 0))

  /* Force a compilation error if condition is true, but also produce a
     result (of value 0 and type size_t), so the expression can be used
     e.g. in a structure initializer (or where-ever else comma expressions
     aren't permitted). */

  #define BUILD_BUG_ON_ZERO(e) (sizeof(struct { int:-!!(e); }))
  #define BUILD_BUG_ON_NULL(e) ((void *)sizeof(struct { int:-!!(e); }))

  /**
   * BUILD_BUG_ON - break compile if a condition is true.

   * @condition: the condition which the compiler should know is false.

   *
   * If you have some code which relies on certain constants being equal, or
   * other compile-time-evaluated condition, you should use BUILD_BUG_ON to
   * detect if someone changes it.
   *
   * The implementation uses gcc's reluctance to create a negative array, but
   * gcc (as of 4.4) only emits that error for obvious cases (eg. not arguments
   * to inline functions).  So as a fallback we use the optimizer; if it can't
   * prove the condition is false, it will cause a link error on the undefined
   * "__build_bug_on_failed".  This error message can be harder to track down
   * though, hence the two different methods.
   */
  #ifndef __OPTIMIZE__
  #define BUILD_BUG_ON(condition) ((void)sizeof(char[1 - 2*!!(condition)]))
  #else
  extern int __build_bug_on_failed;
  #define BUILD_BUG_ON(condition)					\
  	do {							\
  		((void)sizeof(char[1 - 2*!!(condition)]));	\
  		if (condition) __build_bug_on_failed = 1;	\
  	} while(0)
  #endif

  /* Trap pasters of __FUNCTION__ at compile-time */

  #define __FUNCTION__ (__func__)

  /* This helps us to avoid #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA */
  #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
  #define NUMA_BUILD 1
  #else
  #define NUMA_BUILD 0
  #endif

  /* This helps us avoid #ifdef CONFIG_COMPACTION */
  #ifdef CONFIG_COMPACTION
  #define COMPACTION_BUILD 1
  #else
  #define COMPACTION_BUILD 0
  #endif

  /* Rebuild everything on CONFIG_FTRACE_MCOUNT_RECORD */
  #ifdef CONFIG_FTRACE_MCOUNT_RECORD
  # define REBUILD_DUE_TO_FTRACE_MCOUNT_RECORD
  #endif

  #endif