/*
   * usbmidi.c - ALSA USB MIDI driver
   *

   * Copyright (c) 2002-2009 Clemens Ladisch

   * All rights reserved.
   *
   * Based on the OSS usb-midi driver by NAGANO Daisuke,
   *          NetBSD's umidi driver by Takuya SHIOZAKI,
   *          the "USB Device Class Definition for MIDI Devices" by Roland
   *
   * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   * are met:
   * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   *    notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer,
   *    without modification.
   * 2. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
   *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
   *
   * Alternatively, this software may be distributed and/or modified under the
   * terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
   * Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
   * version.
   *
   * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
   * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
   * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
   * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
   * ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
   * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
   * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
   * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
   * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
   * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
   * SUCH DAMAGE.
   */

  #include <linux/kernel.h>
  #include <linux/types.h>
  #include <linux/bitops.h>
  #include <linux/interrupt.h>
  #include <linux/spinlock.h>
  #include <linux/string.h>
  #include <linux/init.h>
  #include <linux/slab.h>

  #include <linux/timer.h>

  #include <linux/usb.h>

  #include <linux/wait.h>

  #include <linux/usb/audio.h>

  #include <linux/module.h>

  #include <sound/core.h>

  #include <sound/control.h>

  #include <sound/rawmidi.h>

  #include <sound/asequencer.h>

  #include "usbaudio.h"

  #include "midi.h"

  #include "power.h"

  #include "helper.h"

  
  /*
   * define this to log all USB packets
   */
  /* #define DUMP_PACKETS */

  /*

   * how long to wait after some USB errors, so that hub_wq can disconnect() us

   * without too many spurious errors
   */
  #define ERROR_DELAY_JIFFIES (HZ / 10)

  #define OUTPUT_URBS 7

  #define INPUT_URBS 7

  
  MODULE_AUTHOR("Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>");
  MODULE_DESCRIPTION("USB Audio/MIDI helper module");
  MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL");
  
  
  struct usb_ms_header_descriptor {
  	__u8  bLength;
  	__u8  bDescriptorType;
  	__u8  bDescriptorSubtype;
  	__u8  bcdMSC[2];
  	__le16 wTotalLength;
  } __attribute__ ((packed));
  
  struct usb_ms_endpoint_descriptor {
  	__u8  bLength;
  	__u8  bDescriptorType;
  	__u8  bDescriptorSubtype;
  	__u8  bNumEmbMIDIJack;
  	__u8  baAssocJackID[0];
  } __attribute__ ((packed));

  struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint;
  struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint;
  struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint;

  
  struct usb_protocol_ops {

  	void (*input)(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint*, uint8_t*, int);

  	void (*output)(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep, struct urb *urb);

  	void (*output_packet)(struct urb*, uint8_t, uint8_t, uint8_t, uint8_t);

  	void (*init_out_endpoint)(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *);
  	void (*finish_out_endpoint)(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *);

  };
  
  struct snd_usb_midi {

  	struct usb_device *dev;
  	struct snd_card *card;

  	struct usb_interface *iface;

  	const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk;
  	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;

  	const struct usb_protocol_ops *usb_protocol_ops;

  	struct list_head list;

  	struct timer_list error_timer;

  	spinlock_t disc_lock;

  	struct rw_semaphore disc_rwsem;

  	struct mutex mutex;

  	u32 usb_id;
  	int next_midi_device;

  
  	struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint {

  		struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *out;
  		struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *in;

  	} endpoints[MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS];
  	unsigned long input_triggered;

  	unsigned int opened[2];

  	unsigned char disconnected;

  	unsigned char input_running;

  
  	struct snd_kcontrol *roland_load_ctl;

  };
  
  struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint {

  	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi;

  	struct out_urb_context {
  		struct urb *urb;
  		struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep;
  	} urbs[OUTPUT_URBS];
  	unsigned int active_urbs;

  	unsigned int drain_urbs;

  	int max_transfer;		/* size of urb buffer */
  	struct tasklet_struct tasklet;

  	unsigned int next_urb;

  	spinlock_t buffer_lock;
  
  	struct usbmidi_out_port {

  		struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep;

  		struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream;

  		int active;
  		uint8_t cable;		/* cable number << 4 */
  		uint8_t state;
  #define STATE_UNKNOWN	0
  #define STATE_1PARAM	1
  #define STATE_2PARAM_1	2
  #define STATE_2PARAM_2	3
  #define STATE_SYSEX_0	4
  #define STATE_SYSEX_1	5
  #define STATE_SYSEX_2	6
  		uint8_t data[2];
  	} ports[0x10];
  	int current_port;

  
  	wait_queue_head_t drain_wait;

  };
  
  struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint {

  	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi;
  	struct urb *urbs[INPUT_URBS];

  	struct usbmidi_in_port {

  		struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream;

  		u8 running_status_length;

  	} ports[0x10];

  	u8 seen_f5;

  	bool in_sysex;
  	u8 last_cin;

  	u8 error_resubmit;

  	int current_port;
  };

  static void snd_usbmidi_do_output(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep);

  
  static const uint8_t snd_usbmidi_cin_length[] = {
  	0, 0, 2, 3, 3, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 2, 2, 3, 1
  };
  
  /*
   * Submits the URB, with error handling.
   */

  static int snd_usbmidi_submit_urb(struct urb *urb, gfp_t flags)

  {
  	int err = usb_submit_urb(urb, flags);
  	if (err < 0 && err != -ENODEV)

  		dev_err(&urb->dev->dev, "usb_submit_urb: %d
  ", err);

  	return err;
  }
  
  /*
   * Error handling for URB completion functions.
   */

  static int snd_usbmidi_urb_error(const struct urb *urb)

  {

  	switch (urb->status) {

  	/* manually unlinked, or device gone */
  	case -ENOENT:
  	case -ECONNRESET:
  	case -ESHUTDOWN:
  	case -ENODEV:
  		return -ENODEV;
  	/* errors that might occur during unplugging */

  	case -EPROTO:
  	case -ETIME:
  	case -EILSEQ:

  		return -EIO;
  	default:

  		dev_err(&urb->dev->dev, "urb status %d
  ", urb->status);

  		return 0; /* continue */
  	}

  }
  
  /*
   * Receives a chunk of MIDI data.
   */

  static void snd_usbmidi_input_data(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
  				   int portidx, uint8_t *data, int length)

  {

  	struct usbmidi_in_port *port = &ep->ports[portidx];

  
  	if (!port->substream) {

  		dev_dbg(&ep->umidi->dev->dev, "unexpected port %d!
  ", portidx);

  		return;
  	}
  	if (!test_bit(port->substream->number, &ep->umidi->input_triggered))
  		return;
  	snd_rawmidi_receive(port->substream, data, length);
  }
  
  #ifdef DUMP_PACKETS
  static void dump_urb(const char *type, const u8 *data, int length)
  {
  	snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "%s packet: [", type);
  	for (; length > 0; ++data, --length)

  		printk(KERN_CONT " %02x", *data);
  	printk(KERN_CONT " ]
  ");

  }
  #else
  #define dump_urb(type, data, length) /* nothing */
  #endif
  
  /*
   * Processes the data read from the device.
   */

  static void snd_usbmidi_in_urb_complete(struct urb *urb)

  {

  	struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep = urb->context;

  
  	if (urb->status == 0) {
  		dump_urb("received", urb->transfer_buffer, urb->actual_length);
  		ep->umidi->usb_protocol_ops->input(ep, urb->transfer_buffer,
  						   urb->actual_length);
  	} else {

  		int err = snd_usbmidi_urb_error(urb);

  		if (err < 0) {
  			if (err != -ENODEV) {
  				ep->error_resubmit = 1;
  				mod_timer(&ep->umidi->error_timer,
  					  jiffies + ERROR_DELAY_JIFFIES);
  			}

  			return;

  		}

  	}

  	urb->dev = ep->umidi->dev;

  	snd_usbmidi_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC);

  }

  static void snd_usbmidi_out_urb_complete(struct urb *urb)

  {

  	struct out_urb_context *context = urb->context;

  	struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep = context->ep;

  	unsigned int urb_index;

  
  	spin_lock(&ep->buffer_lock);

  	urb_index = context - ep->urbs;
  	ep->active_urbs &= ~(1 << urb_index);
  	if (unlikely(ep->drain_urbs)) {
  		ep->drain_urbs &= ~(1 << urb_index);
  		wake_up(&ep->drain_wait);
  	}

  	spin_unlock(&ep->buffer_lock);
  	if (urb->status < 0) {

  		int err = snd_usbmidi_urb_error(urb);

  		if (err < 0) {
  			if (err != -ENODEV)
  				mod_timer(&ep->umidi->error_timer,
  					  jiffies + ERROR_DELAY_JIFFIES);

  			return;

  		}

  	}
  	snd_usbmidi_do_output(ep);
  }
  
  /*
   * This is called when some data should be transferred to the device
   * (from one or more substreams).
   */

  static void snd_usbmidi_do_output(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep)

  {

  	unsigned int urb_index;

  	struct urb *urb;

  	unsigned long flags;
  
  	spin_lock_irqsave(&ep->buffer_lock, flags);

  	if (ep->umidi->disconnected) {

  		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ep->buffer_lock, flags);
  		return;
  	}

  	urb_index = ep->next_urb;

  	for (;;) {

  		if (!(ep->active_urbs & (1 << urb_index))) {
  			urb = ep->urbs[urb_index].urb;
  			urb->transfer_buffer_length = 0;
  			ep->umidi->usb_protocol_ops->output(ep, urb);
  			if (urb->transfer_buffer_length == 0)

  				break;

  			dump_urb("sending", urb->transfer_buffer,
  				 urb->transfer_buffer_length);

  			urb->dev = ep->umidi->dev;

  			if (snd_usbmidi_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC) < 0)
  				break;
  			ep->active_urbs |= 1 << urb_index;
  		}
  		if (++urb_index >= OUTPUT_URBS)
  			urb_index = 0;
  		if (urb_index == ep->next_urb)

  			break;

  	}

  	ep->next_urb = urb_index;

  	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ep->buffer_lock, flags);
  }
  
  static void snd_usbmidi_out_tasklet(unsigned long data)
  {

  	struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep =
  		(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *) data;

  
  	snd_usbmidi_do_output(ep);
  }

  /* called after transfers had been interrupted due to some USB error */
  static void snd_usbmidi_error_timer(unsigned long data)
  {

  	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi = (struct snd_usb_midi *)data;

  	unsigned int i, j;

  	spin_lock(&umidi->disc_lock);
  	if (umidi->disconnected) {
  		spin_unlock(&umidi->disc_lock);
  		return;
  	}

  	for (i = 0; i < MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS; ++i) {

  		struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *in = umidi->endpoints[i].in;

  		if (in && in->error_resubmit) {
  			in->error_resubmit = 0;

  			for (j = 0; j < INPUT_URBS; ++j) {

  				if (atomic_read(&in->urbs[j]->use_count))
  					continue;

  				in->urbs[j]->dev = umidi->dev;

  				snd_usbmidi_submit_urb(in->urbs[j], GFP_ATOMIC);
  			}

  		}
  		if (umidi->endpoints[i].out)
  			snd_usbmidi_do_output(umidi->endpoints[i].out);
  	}

  	spin_unlock(&umidi->disc_lock);

  }

  /* helper function to send static data that may not DMA-able */

  static int send_bulk_static_data(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep,

  				 const void *data, int len)
  {

  	int err = 0;

  	void *buf = kmemdup(data, len, GFP_KERNEL);

  	if (!buf)
  		return -ENOMEM;

  	dump_urb("sending", buf, len);

  	if (ep->urbs[0].urb)

  		err = usb_bulk_msg(ep->umidi->dev, ep->urbs[0].urb->pipe,

  				   buf, len, NULL, 250);

  	kfree(buf);
  	return err;
  }
  
  /*
   * Standard USB MIDI protocol: see the spec.
   * Midiman protocol: like the standard protocol, but the control byte is the
   * fourth byte in each packet, and uses length instead of CIN.
   */

  static void snd_usbmidi_standard_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
  				       uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)

  {
  	int i;
  
  	for (i = 0; i + 3 < buffer_length; i += 4)
  		if (buffer[i] != 0) {
  			int cable = buffer[i] >> 4;
  			int length = snd_usbmidi_cin_length[buffer[i] & 0x0f];

  			snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, cable, &buffer[i + 1],
  					       length);

  		}
  }

  static void snd_usbmidi_midiman_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
  				      uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)

  {
  	int i;
  
  	for (i = 0; i + 3 < buffer_length; i += 4)
  		if (buffer[i + 3] != 0) {
  			int port = buffer[i + 3] >> 4;
  			int length = buffer[i + 3] & 3;
  			snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, port, &buffer[i], length);
  		}
  }
  
  /*

   * Buggy M-Audio device: running status on input results in a packet that has
   * the data bytes but not the status byte and that is marked with CIN 4.
   */
  static void snd_usbmidi_maudio_broken_running_status_input(

  					struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
  					uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)

  {
  	int i;
  
  	for (i = 0; i + 3 < buffer_length; i += 4)
  		if (buffer[i] != 0) {
  			int cable = buffer[i] >> 4;
  			u8 cin = buffer[i] & 0x0f;
  			struct usbmidi_in_port *port = &ep->ports[cable];
  			int length;

  			length = snd_usbmidi_cin_length[cin];
  			if (cin == 0xf && buffer[i + 1] >= 0xf8)
  				; /* realtime msg: no running status change */
  			else if (cin >= 0x8 && cin <= 0xe)
  				/* channel msg */
  				port->running_status_length = length - 1;
  			else if (cin == 0x4 &&
  				 port->running_status_length != 0 &&
  				 buffer[i + 1] < 0x80)
  				/* CIN 4 that is not a SysEx */
  				length = port->running_status_length;
  			else
  				/*
  				 * All other msgs cannot begin running status.
  				 * (A channel msg sent as two or three CIN 0xF
  				 * packets could in theory, but this device
  				 * doesn't use this format.)
  				 */
  				port->running_status_length = 0;

  			snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, cable, &buffer[i + 1],
  					       length);

  		}
  }
  
  /*

   * QinHeng CH345 is buggy: every second packet inside a SysEx has not CIN 4
   * but the previously seen CIN, but still with three data bytes.
   */
  static void ch345_broken_sysex_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
  				     uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)
  {
  	unsigned int i, cin, length;
  
  	for (i = 0; i + 3 < buffer_length; i += 4) {
  		if (buffer[i] == 0 && i > 0)
  			break;
  		cin = buffer[i] & 0x0f;
  		if (ep->in_sysex &&
  		    cin == ep->last_cin &&
  		    (buffer[i + 1 + (cin == 0x6)] & 0x80) == 0)
  			cin = 0x4;
  #if 0
  		if (buffer[i + 1] == 0x90) {
  			/*
  			 * Either a corrupted running status or a real note-on
  			 * message; impossible to detect reliably.
  			 */
  		}
  #endif
  		length = snd_usbmidi_cin_length[cin];
  		snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, 0, &buffer[i + 1], length);
  		ep->in_sysex = cin == 0x4;
  		if (!ep->in_sysex)
  			ep->last_cin = cin;
  	}
  }
  
  /*

   * CME protocol: like the standard protocol, but SysEx commands are sent as a
   * single USB packet preceded by a 0x0F byte.
   */
  static void snd_usbmidi_cme_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
  				  uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)
  {
  	if (buffer_length < 2 || (buffer[0] & 0x0f) != 0x0f)
  		snd_usbmidi_standard_input(ep, buffer, buffer_length);
  	else
  		snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, buffer[0] >> 4,
  				       &buffer[1], buffer_length - 1);
  }
  
  /*

   * Adds one USB MIDI packet to the output buffer.
   */

  static void snd_usbmidi_output_standard_packet(struct urb *urb, uint8_t p0,
  					       uint8_t p1, uint8_t p2,
  					       uint8_t p3)

  {

  	uint8_t *buf =
  		(uint8_t *)urb->transfer_buffer + urb->transfer_buffer_length;

  	buf[0] = p0;
  	buf[1] = p1;
  	buf[2] = p2;
  	buf[3] = p3;
  	urb->transfer_buffer_length += 4;
  }
  
  /*
   * Adds one Midiman packet to the output buffer.
   */

  static void snd_usbmidi_output_midiman_packet(struct urb *urb, uint8_t p0,
  					      uint8_t p1, uint8_t p2,
  					      uint8_t p3)

  {

  	uint8_t *buf =
  		(uint8_t *)urb->transfer_buffer + urb->transfer_buffer_length;

  	buf[0] = p1;
  	buf[1] = p2;
  	buf[2] = p3;
  	buf[3] = (p0 & 0xf0) | snd_usbmidi_cin_length[p0 & 0x0f];
  	urb->transfer_buffer_length += 4;
  }
  
  /*
   * Converts MIDI commands to USB MIDI packets.
   */

  static void snd_usbmidi_transmit_byte(struct usbmidi_out_port *port,
  				      uint8_t b, struct urb *urb)

  {
  	uint8_t p0 = port->cable;
  	void (*output_packet)(struct urb*, uint8_t, uint8_t, uint8_t, uint8_t) =
  		port->ep->umidi->usb_protocol_ops->output_packet;
  
  	if (b >= 0xf8) {
  		output_packet(urb, p0 | 0x0f, b, 0, 0);
  	} else if (b >= 0xf0) {
  		switch (b) {
  		case 0xf0:
  			port->data[0] = b;
  			port->state = STATE_SYSEX_1;
  			break;
  		case 0xf1:
  		case 0xf3:
  			port->data[0] = b;
  			port->state = STATE_1PARAM;
  			break;
  		case 0xf2:
  			port->data[0] = b;
  			port->state = STATE_2PARAM_1;
  			break;
  		case 0xf4:
  		case 0xf5:
  			port->state = STATE_UNKNOWN;
  			break;
  		case 0xf6:
  			output_packet(urb, p0 | 0x05, 0xf6, 0, 0);
  			port->state = STATE_UNKNOWN;
  			break;
  		case 0xf7:
  			switch (port->state) {
  			case STATE_SYSEX_0:
  				output_packet(urb, p0 | 0x05, 0xf7, 0, 0);
  				break;
  			case STATE_SYSEX_1:

  				output_packet(urb, p0 | 0x06, port->data[0],
  					      0xf7, 0);

  				break;
  			case STATE_SYSEX_2:

  				output_packet(urb, p0 | 0x07, port->data[0],
  					      port->data[1], 0xf7);

  				break;
  			}
  			port->state = STATE_UNKNOWN;
  			break;
  		}
  	} else if (b >= 0x80) {
  		port->data[0] = b;
  		if (b >= 0xc0 && b <= 0xdf)
  			port->state = STATE_1PARAM;
  		else
  			port->state = STATE_2PARAM_1;
  	} else { /* b < 0x80 */
  		switch (port->state) {
  		case STATE_1PARAM:
  			if (port->data[0] < 0xf0) {
  				p0 |= port->data[0] >> 4;
  			} else {
  				p0 |= 0x02;
  				port->state = STATE_UNKNOWN;
  			}
  			output_packet(urb, p0, port->data[0], b, 0);
  			break;
  		case STATE_2PARAM_1:
  			port->data[1] = b;
  			port->state = STATE_2PARAM_2;
  			break;
  		case STATE_2PARAM_2:
  			if (port->data[0] < 0xf0) {
  				p0 |= port->data[0] >> 4;
  				port->state = STATE_2PARAM_1;
  			} else {
  				p0 |= 0x03;
  				port->state = STATE_UNKNOWN;
  			}
  			output_packet(urb, p0, port->data[0], port->data[1], b);
  			break;
  		case STATE_SYSEX_0:
  			port->data[0] = b;
  			port->state = STATE_SYSEX_1;
  			break;
  		case STATE_SYSEX_1:
  			port->data[1] = b;
  			port->state = STATE_SYSEX_2;
  			break;
  		case STATE_SYSEX_2:

  			output_packet(urb, p0 | 0x04, port->data[0],
  				      port->data[1], b);

  			port->state = STATE_SYSEX_0;
  			break;
  		}
  	}
  }

  static void snd_usbmidi_standard_output(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep,

  					struct urb *urb)

  {

  	int p;
  
  	/* FIXME: lower-numbered ports can starve higher-numbered ports */
  	for (p = 0; p < 0x10; ++p) {

  		struct usbmidi_out_port *port = &ep->ports[p];

  		if (!port->active)
  			continue;
  		while (urb->transfer_buffer_length + 3 < ep->max_transfer) {
  			uint8_t b;
  			if (snd_rawmidi_transmit(port->substream, &b, 1) != 1) {
  				port->active = 0;
  				break;
  			}
  			snd_usbmidi_transmit_byte(port, b, urb);
  		}
  	}
  }

  static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_standard_ops = {

  	.input = snd_usbmidi_standard_input,
  	.output = snd_usbmidi_standard_output,
  	.output_packet = snd_usbmidi_output_standard_packet,
  };

  static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_midiman_ops = {

  	.input = snd_usbmidi_midiman_input,

  	.output = snd_usbmidi_standard_output,

  	.output_packet = snd_usbmidi_output_midiman_packet,
  };

  static const
  struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_maudio_broken_running_status_ops = {

  	.input = snd_usbmidi_maudio_broken_running_status_input,

  	.output = snd_usbmidi_standard_output,

  	.output_packet = snd_usbmidi_output_standard_packet,
  };

  static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_cme_ops = {

  	.input = snd_usbmidi_cme_input,
  	.output = snd_usbmidi_standard_output,
  	.output_packet = snd_usbmidi_output_standard_packet,
  };

  static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_ch345_broken_sysex_ops = {

  	.input = ch345_broken_sysex_input,
  	.output = snd_usbmidi_standard_output,
  	.output_packet = snd_usbmidi_output_standard_packet,
  };

  /*

   * AKAI MPD16 protocol:
   *
   * For control port (endpoint 1):
   * ==============================
   * One or more chunks consisting of first byte of (0x10 | msg_len) and then a
   * SysEx message (msg_len=9 bytes long).
   *
   * For data port (endpoint 2):
   * ===========================
   * One or more chunks consisting of first byte of (0x20 | msg_len) and then a
   * MIDI message (msg_len bytes long)
   *
   * Messages sent: Active Sense, Note On, Poly Pressure, Control Change.
   */
  static void snd_usbmidi_akai_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
  				   uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)
  {
  	unsigned int pos = 0;
  	unsigned int len = (unsigned int)buffer_length;
  	while (pos < len) {
  		unsigned int port = (buffer[pos] >> 4) - 1;
  		unsigned int msg_len = buffer[pos] & 0x0f;
  		pos++;
  		if (pos + msg_len <= len && port < 2)
  			snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, 0, &buffer[pos], msg_len);
  		pos += msg_len;
  	}
  }
  
  #define MAX_AKAI_SYSEX_LEN 9
  
  static void snd_usbmidi_akai_output(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep,
  				    struct urb *urb)
  {
  	uint8_t *msg;
  	int pos, end, count, buf_end;
  	uint8_t tmp[MAX_AKAI_SYSEX_LEN];
  	struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream = ep->ports[0].substream;
  
  	if (!ep->ports[0].active)
  		return;
  
  	msg = urb->transfer_buffer + urb->transfer_buffer_length;
  	buf_end = ep->max_transfer - MAX_AKAI_SYSEX_LEN - 1;
  
  	/* only try adding more data when there's space for at least 1 SysEx */
  	while (urb->transfer_buffer_length < buf_end) {
  		count = snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek(substream,
  						  tmp, MAX_AKAI_SYSEX_LEN);
  		if (!count) {
  			ep->ports[0].active = 0;
  			return;
  		}
  		/* try to skip non-SysEx data */
  		for (pos = 0; pos < count && tmp[pos] != 0xF0; pos++)
  			;
  
  		if (pos > 0) {
  			snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(substream, pos);
  			continue;
  		}
  
  		/* look for the start or end marker */
  		for (end = 1; end < count && tmp[end] < 0xF0; end++)
  			;
  
  		/* next SysEx started before the end of current one */
  		if (end < count && tmp[end] == 0xF0) {
  			/* it's incomplete - drop it */
  			snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(substream, end);
  			continue;
  		}
  		/* SysEx complete */
  		if (end < count && tmp[end] == 0xF7) {
  			/* queue it, ack it, and get the next one */
  			count = end + 1;
  			msg[0] = 0x10 | count;
  			memcpy(&msg[1], tmp, count);
  			snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(substream, count);
  			urb->transfer_buffer_length += count + 1;
  			msg += count + 1;
  			continue;
  		}
  		/* less than 9 bytes and no end byte - wait for more */
  		if (count < MAX_AKAI_SYSEX_LEN) {
  			ep->ports[0].active = 0;
  			return;
  		}
  		/* 9 bytes and no end marker in sight - malformed, skip it */
  		snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(substream, count);
  	}
  }

  static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_akai_ops = {

  	.input = snd_usbmidi_akai_input,
  	.output = snd_usbmidi_akai_output,
  };
  
  /*

   * Novation USB MIDI protocol: number of data bytes is in the first byte
   * (when receiving) (+1!) or in the second byte (when sending); data begins
   * at the third byte.
   */

  static void snd_usbmidi_novation_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
  				       uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)

  {
  	if (buffer_length < 2 || !buffer[0] || buffer_length < buffer[0] + 1)
  		return;
  	snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, 0, &buffer[2], buffer[0] - 1);
  }

  static void snd_usbmidi_novation_output(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep,

  					struct urb *urb)

  {

  	uint8_t *transfer_buffer;

  	int count;
  
  	if (!ep->ports[0].active)
  		return;

  	transfer_buffer = urb->transfer_buffer;

  	count = snd_rawmidi_transmit(ep->ports[0].substream,
  				     &transfer_buffer[2],
  				     ep->max_transfer - 2);
  	if (count < 1) {
  		ep->ports[0].active = 0;
  		return;
  	}
  	transfer_buffer[0] = 0;
  	transfer_buffer[1] = count;

  	urb->transfer_buffer_length = 2 + count;

  }

  static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_novation_ops = {

  	.input = snd_usbmidi_novation_input,
  	.output = snd_usbmidi_novation_output,
  };
  
  /*

   * "raw" protocol: just move raw MIDI bytes from/to the endpoint

   */

  static void snd_usbmidi_raw_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
  				  uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)

  {
  	snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, 0, buffer, buffer_length);
  }

  static void snd_usbmidi_raw_output(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep,

  				   struct urb *urb)

  {
  	int count;
  
  	if (!ep->ports[0].active)
  		return;
  	count = snd_rawmidi_transmit(ep->ports[0].substream,

  				     urb->transfer_buffer,

  				     ep->max_transfer);
  	if (count < 1) {
  		ep->ports[0].active = 0;
  		return;
  	}

  	urb->transfer_buffer_length = count;

  }

  static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_raw_ops = {

  	.input = snd_usbmidi_raw_input,
  	.output = snd_usbmidi_raw_output,

  };

  /*
   * FTDI protocol: raw MIDI bytes, but input packets have two modem status bytes.
   */

  static void snd_usbmidi_ftdi_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
  				   uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)

  {
  	if (buffer_length > 2)
  		snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, 0, buffer + 2, buffer_length - 2);
  }

  static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_ftdi_ops = {

  	.input = snd_usbmidi_ftdi_input,
  	.output = snd_usbmidi_raw_output,
  };

  static void snd_usbmidi_us122l_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
  				     uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)
  {
  	if (buffer_length != 9)
  		return;
  	buffer_length = 8;
  	while (buffer_length && buffer[buffer_length - 1] == 0xFD)
  		buffer_length--;
  	if (buffer_length)
  		snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, 0, buffer, buffer_length);
  }

  static void snd_usbmidi_us122l_output(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep,
  				      struct urb *urb)

  {
  	int count;
  
  	if (!ep->ports[0].active)
  		return;

  	switch (snd_usb_get_speed(ep->umidi->dev)) {
  	case USB_SPEED_HIGH:
  	case USB_SPEED_SUPER:

  	case USB_SPEED_SUPER_PLUS:

  		count = 1;
  		break;
  	default:
  		count = 2;
  	}

  	count = snd_rawmidi_transmit(ep->ports[0].substream,

  				     urb->transfer_buffer,

  				     count);
  	if (count < 1) {
  		ep->ports[0].active = 0;
  		return;
  	}

  	memset(urb->transfer_buffer + count, 0xFD, ep->max_transfer - count);
  	urb->transfer_buffer_length = ep->max_transfer;

  }

  static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_122l_ops = {

  	.input = snd_usbmidi_us122l_input,
  	.output = snd_usbmidi_us122l_output,
  };

  /*
   * Emagic USB MIDI protocol: raw MIDI with "F5 xx" port switching.
   */

  static void snd_usbmidi_emagic_init_out(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep)

  {
  	static const u8 init_data[] = {
  		/* initialization magic: "get version" */
  		0xf0,
  		0x00, 0x20, 0x31,	/* Emagic */
  		0x64,			/* Unitor8 */
  		0x0b,			/* version number request */
  		0x00,			/* command version */
  		0x00,			/* EEPROM, box 0 */
  		0xf7
  	};
  	send_bulk_static_data(ep, init_data, sizeof(init_data));
  	/* while we're at it, pour on more magic */
  	send_bulk_static_data(ep, init_data, sizeof(init_data));
  }

  static void snd_usbmidi_emagic_finish_out(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep)

  {
  	static const u8 finish_data[] = {
  		/* switch to patch mode with last preset */
  		0xf0,
  		0x00, 0x20, 0x31,	/* Emagic */
  		0x64,			/* Unitor8 */
  		0x10,			/* patch switch command */
  		0x00,			/* command version */
  		0x7f,			/* to all boxes */
  		0x40,			/* last preset in EEPROM */
  		0xf7
  	};
  	send_bulk_static_data(ep, finish_data, sizeof(finish_data));
  }

  static void snd_usbmidi_emagic_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
  				     uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)

  {

  	int i;
  
  	/* FF indicates end of valid data */
  	for (i = 0; i < buffer_length; ++i)
  		if (buffer[i] == 0xff) {
  			buffer_length = i;
  			break;
  		}

  
  	/* handle F5 at end of last buffer */
  	if (ep->seen_f5)
  		goto switch_port;
  
  	while (buffer_length > 0) {

  		/* determine size of data until next F5 */
  		for (i = 0; i < buffer_length; ++i)
  			if (buffer[i] == 0xf5)
  				break;
  		snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, ep->current_port, buffer, i);
  		buffer += i;
  		buffer_length -= i;
  
  		if (buffer_length <= 0)
  			break;
  		/* assert(buffer[0] == 0xf5); */
  		ep->seen_f5 = 1;
  		++buffer;
  		--buffer_length;
  
  	switch_port:
  		if (buffer_length <= 0)
  			break;
  		if (buffer[0] < 0x80) {
  			ep->current_port = (buffer[0] - 1) & 15;
  			++buffer;
  			--buffer_length;
  		}
  		ep->seen_f5 = 0;
  	}
  }

  static void snd_usbmidi_emagic_output(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep,

  				      struct urb *urb)

  {
  	int port0 = ep->current_port;

  	uint8_t *buf = urb->transfer_buffer;

  	int buf_free = ep->max_transfer;
  	int length, i;
  
  	for (i = 0; i < 0x10; ++i) {
  		/* round-robin, starting at the last current port */
  		int portnum = (port0 + i) & 15;

  		struct usbmidi_out_port *port = &ep->ports[portnum];

  
  		if (!port->active)
  			continue;
  		if (snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek(port->substream, buf, 1) != 1) {
  			port->active = 0;
  			continue;
  		}
  
  		if (portnum != ep->current_port) {
  			if (buf_free < 2)
  				break;
  			ep->current_port = portnum;
  			buf[0] = 0xf5;
  			buf[1] = (portnum + 1) & 15;
  			buf += 2;
  			buf_free -= 2;
  		}
  
  		if (buf_free < 1)
  			break;
  		length = snd_rawmidi_transmit(port->substream, buf, buf_free);
  		if (length > 0) {
  			buf += length;
  			buf_free -= length;
  			if (buf_free < 1)
  				break;
  		}
  	}

  	if (buf_free < ep->max_transfer && buf_free > 0) {
  		*buf = 0xff;
  		--buf_free;
  	}

  	urb->transfer_buffer_length = ep->max_transfer - buf_free;

  }

  static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_emagic_ops = {

  	.input = snd_usbmidi_emagic_input,
  	.output = snd_usbmidi_emagic_output,
  	.init_out_endpoint = snd_usbmidi_emagic_init_out,
  	.finish_out_endpoint = snd_usbmidi_emagic_finish_out,
  };

  static void update_roland_altsetting(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi)

  {
  	struct usb_interface *intf;
  	struct usb_host_interface *hostif;
  	struct usb_interface_descriptor *intfd;
  	int is_light_load;
  
  	intf = umidi->iface;
  	is_light_load = intf->cur_altsetting != intf->altsetting;
  	if (umidi->roland_load_ctl->private_value == is_light_load)
  		return;
  	hostif = &intf->altsetting[umidi->roland_load_ctl->private_value];
  	intfd = get_iface_desc(hostif);
  	snd_usbmidi_input_stop(&umidi->list);

  	usb_set_interface(umidi->dev, intfd->bInterfaceNumber,

  			  intfd->bAlternateSetting);
  	snd_usbmidi_input_start(&umidi->list);
  }

  static int substream_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream, int dir,
  			  int open)

  {

  	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi = substream->rmidi->private_data;

  	struct snd_kcontrol *ctl;

  	down_read(&umidi->disc_rwsem);
  	if (umidi->disconnected) {
  		up_read(&umidi->disc_rwsem);

  		return open ? -ENODEV : 0;

  	}

  	mutex_lock(&umidi->mutex);
  	if (open) {

  		if (!umidi->opened[0] && !umidi->opened[1]) {

  			if (umidi->roland_load_ctl) {
  				ctl = umidi->roland_load_ctl;

  				ctl->vd[0].access |=
  					SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE;

  				snd_ctl_notify(umidi->card,

  				       SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_INFO, &ctl->id);

  				update_roland_altsetting(umidi);
  			}

  		}

  		umidi->opened[dir]++;
  		if (umidi->opened[1])
  			snd_usbmidi_input_start(&umidi->list);

  	} else {

  		umidi->opened[dir]--;
  		if (!umidi->opened[1])
  			snd_usbmidi_input_stop(&umidi->list);
  		if (!umidi->opened[0] && !umidi->opened[1]) {
  			if (umidi->roland_load_ctl) {
  				ctl = umidi->roland_load_ctl;

  				ctl->vd[0].access &=
  					~SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE;

  				snd_ctl_notify(umidi->card,

  				       SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_INFO, &ctl->id);

  			}

  		}
  	}
  	mutex_unlock(&umidi->mutex);

  	up_read(&umidi->disc_rwsem);

  	return 0;

  }

  static int snd_usbmidi_output_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)

  {

  	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi = substream->rmidi->private_data;
  	struct usbmidi_out_port *port = NULL;

  	int i, j;
  
  	for (i = 0; i < MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS; ++i)
  		if (umidi->endpoints[i].out)
  			for (j = 0; j < 0x10; ++j)
  				if (umidi->endpoints[i].out->ports[j].substream == substream) {
  					port = &umidi->endpoints[i].out->ports[j];
  					break;
  				}
  	if (!port) {
  		snd_BUG();
  		return -ENXIO;
  	}

  	substream->runtime->private_data = port;
  	port->state = STATE_UNKNOWN;

  	return substream_open(substream, 0, 1);

  }

  static int snd_usbmidi_output_close(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)

  {

  	return substream_open(substream, 0, 0);

  }

  static void snd_usbmidi_output_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
  				       int up)

  {

  	struct usbmidi_out_port *port =
  		(struct usbmidi_out_port *)substream->runtime->private_data;

  
  	port->active = up;
  	if (up) {

  		if (port->ep->umidi->disconnected) {

  			/* gobble up remaining bytes to prevent wait in
  			 * snd_rawmidi_drain_output */
  			while (!snd_rawmidi_transmit_empty(substream))
  				snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(substream, 1);
  			return;
  		}

  		tasklet_schedule(&port->ep->tasklet);

  	}
  }

  static void snd_usbmidi_output_drain(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
  {

  	struct usbmidi_out_port *port = substream->runtime->private_data;

  	struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep = port->ep;
  	unsigned int drain_urbs;
  	DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
  	long timeout = msecs_to_jiffies(50);

  	if (ep->umidi->disconnected)
  		return;

  	/*
  	 * The substream buffer is empty, but some data might still be in the
  	 * currently active URBs, so we have to wait for those to complete.
  	 */
  	spin_lock_irq(&ep->buffer_lock);
  	drain_urbs = ep->active_urbs;
  	if (drain_urbs) {
  		ep->drain_urbs |= drain_urbs;
  		do {
  			prepare_to_wait(&ep->drain_wait, &wait,
  					TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
  			spin_unlock_irq(&ep->buffer_lock);
  			timeout = schedule_timeout(timeout);
  			spin_lock_irq(&ep->buffer_lock);
  			drain_urbs &= ep->drain_urbs;
  		} while (drain_urbs && timeout);
  		finish_wait(&ep->drain_wait, &wait);
  	}
  	spin_unlock_irq(&ep->buffer_lock);
  }

  static int snd_usbmidi_input_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)

  {

  	return substream_open(substream, 1, 1);

  }

  static int snd_usbmidi_input_close(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)

  {

  	return substream_open(substream, 1, 0);

  }

  static void snd_usbmidi_input_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
  				      int up)

  {

  	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi = substream->rmidi->private_data;

  
  	if (up)
  		set_bit(substream->number, &umidi->input_triggered);
  	else
  		clear_bit(substream->number, &umidi->input_triggered);
  }

  static const struct snd_rawmidi_ops snd_usbmidi_output_ops = {

  	.open = snd_usbmidi_output_open,
  	.close = snd_usbmidi_output_close,
  	.trigger = snd_usbmidi_output_trigger,

  	.drain = snd_usbmidi_output_drain,

  };

  static const struct snd_rawmidi_ops snd_usbmidi_input_ops = {

  	.open = snd_usbmidi_input_open,
  	.close = snd_usbmidi_input_close,
  	.trigger = snd_usbmidi_input_trigger
  };

  static void free_urb_and_buffer(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi, struct urb *urb,
  				unsigned int buffer_length)
  {

  	usb_free_coherent(umidi->dev, buffer_length,
  			  urb->transfer_buffer, urb->transfer_dma);

  	usb_free_urb(urb);
  }

  /*
   * Frees an input endpoint.
   * May be called when ep hasn't been initialized completely.
   */

  static void snd_usbmidi_in_endpoint_delete(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep)

  {

  	unsigned int i;

  	for (i = 0; i < INPUT_URBS; ++i)
  		if (ep->urbs[i])
  			free_urb_and_buffer(ep->umidi, ep->urbs[i],
  					    ep->urbs[i]->transfer_buffer_length);

  	kfree(ep);
  }
  
  /*
   * Creates an input endpoint.
   */

  static int snd_usbmidi_in_endpoint_create(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
  					  struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info *ep_info,
  					  struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint *rep)

  {

  	struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep;
  	void *buffer;

  	unsigned int pipe;
  	int length;

  	unsigned int i;

  
  	rep->in = NULL;

  	ep = kzalloc(sizeof(*ep), GFP_KERNEL);

  	if (!ep)
  		return -ENOMEM;
  	ep->umidi = umidi;

  	for (i = 0; i < INPUT_URBS; ++i) {
  		ep->urbs[i] = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL);
  		if (!ep->urbs[i]) {
  			snd_usbmidi_in_endpoint_delete(ep);
  			return -ENOMEM;
  		}

  	}
  	if (ep_info->in_interval)

  		pipe = usb_rcvintpipe(umidi->dev, ep_info->in_ep);

  	else

  		pipe = usb_rcvbulkpipe(umidi->dev, ep_info->in_ep);
  	length = usb_maxpacket(umidi->dev, pipe, 0);

  	for (i = 0; i < INPUT_URBS; ++i) {

  		buffer = usb_alloc_coherent(umidi->dev, length, GFP_KERNEL,
  					    &ep->urbs[i]->transfer_dma);

  		if (!buffer) {
  			snd_usbmidi_in_endpoint_delete(ep);
  			return -ENOMEM;
  		}
  		if (ep_info->in_interval)

  			usb_fill_int_urb(ep->urbs[i], umidi->dev,

  					 pipe, buffer, length,
  					 snd_usbmidi_in_urb_complete,
  					 ep, ep_info->in_interval);
  		else

  			usb_fill_bulk_urb(ep->urbs[i], umidi->dev,

  					  pipe, buffer, length,
  					  snd_usbmidi_in_urb_complete, ep);
  		ep->urbs[i]->transfer_flags = URB_NO_TRANSFER_DMA_MAP;

  	}

  
  	rep->in = ep;
  	return 0;
  }

  /*
   * Frees an output endpoint.
   * May be called when ep hasn't been initialized completely.
   */

  static void snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_clear(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep)

  {

  	unsigned int i;
  
  	for (i = 0; i < OUTPUT_URBS; ++i)

  		if (ep->urbs[i].urb) {

  			free_urb_and_buffer(ep->umidi, ep->urbs[i].urb,
  					    ep->max_transfer);

  			ep->urbs[i].urb = NULL;
  		}
  }
  
  static void snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_delete(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep)
  {
  	snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_clear(ep);

  	kfree(ep);
  }
  
  /*
   * Creates an output endpoint, and initializes output ports.
   */

  static int snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_create(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
  					   struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info *ep_info,
  					   struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint *rep)

  {

  	struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep;

  	unsigned int i;

  	unsigned int pipe;

  	void *buffer;

  
  	rep->out = NULL;

  	ep = kzalloc(sizeof(*ep), GFP_KERNEL);

  	if (!ep)
  		return -ENOMEM;
  	ep->umidi = umidi;

  	for (i = 0; i < OUTPUT_URBS; ++i) {
  		ep->urbs[i].urb = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL);
  		if (!ep->urbs[i].urb) {
  			snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_delete(ep);
  			return -ENOMEM;
  		}
  		ep->urbs[i].ep = ep;

  	}

  	if (ep_info->out_interval)

  		pipe = usb_sndintpipe(umidi->dev, ep_info->out_ep);

  	else

  		pipe = usb_sndbulkpipe(umidi->dev, ep_info->out_ep);

  	switch (umidi->usb_id) {
  	default:

  		ep->max_transfer = usb_maxpacket(umidi->dev, pipe, 1);

  		break;
  		/*
  		 * Various chips declare a packet size larger than 4 bytes, but
  		 * do not actually work with larger packets:
  		 */

  	case USB_ID(0x0a67, 0x5011): /* Medeli DD305 */

  	case USB_ID(0x0a92, 0x1020): /* ESI M4U */
  	case USB_ID(0x1430, 0x474b): /* RedOctane GH MIDI INTERFACE */
  	case USB_ID(0x15ca, 0x0101): /* Textech USB Midi Cable */
  	case USB_ID(0x15ca, 0x1806): /* Textech USB Midi Cable */
  	case USB_ID(0x1a86, 0x752d): /* QinHeng CH345 "USB2.0-MIDI" */

  	case USB_ID(0xfc08, 0x0101): /* Unknown vendor Cable */

  		ep->max_transfer = 4;
  		break;

  		/*
  		 * Some devices only work with 9 bytes packet size:
  		 */
  	case USB_ID(0x0644, 0x800E): /* Tascam US-122L */
  	case USB_ID(0x0644, 0x800F): /* Tascam US-144 */
  		ep->max_transfer = 9;
  		break;

  	}

  	for (i = 0; i < OUTPUT_URBS; ++i) {

  		buffer = usb_alloc_coherent(umidi->dev,
  					    ep->max_transfer, GFP_KERNEL,
  					    &ep->urbs[i].urb->transfer_dma);

  		if (!buffer) {
  			snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_delete(ep);
  			return -ENOMEM;
  		}
  		if (ep_info->out_interval)

  			usb_fill_int_urb(ep->urbs[i].urb, umidi->dev,

  					 pipe, buffer, ep->max_transfer,
  					 snd_usbmidi_out_urb_complete,
  					 &ep->urbs[i], ep_info->out_interval);
  		else

  			usb_fill_bulk_urb(ep->urbs[i].urb, umidi->dev,

  					  pipe, buffer, ep->max_transfer,
  					  snd_usbmidi_out_urb_complete,
  					  &ep->urbs[i]);
  		ep->urbs[i].urb->transfer_flags = URB_NO_TRANSFER_DMA_MAP;

  	}

  
  	spin_lock_init(&ep->buffer_lock);
  	tasklet_init(&ep->tasklet, snd_usbmidi_out_tasklet, (unsigned long)ep);

  	init_waitqueue_head(&ep->drain_wait);

  
  	for (i = 0; i < 0x10; ++i)
  		if (ep_info->out_cables & (1 << i)) {
  			ep->ports[i].ep = ep;
  			ep->ports[i].cable = i << 4;
  		}
  
  	if (umidi->usb_protocol_ops->init_out_endpoint)
  		umidi->usb_protocol_ops->init_out_endpoint(ep);
  
  	rep->out = ep;
  	return 0;
  }
  
  /*
   * Frees everything.
   */

  static void snd_usbmidi_free(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi)

  {
  	int i;
  
  	for (i = 0; i < MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS; ++i) {

  		struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint *ep = &umidi->endpoints[i];

  		if (ep->out)
  			snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_delete(ep->out);
  		if (ep->in)
  			snd_usbmidi_in_endpoint_delete(ep->in);
  	}

  	mutex_destroy(&umidi->mutex);

  	kfree(umidi);
  }
  
  /*
   * Unlinks all URBs (must be done before the usb_device is deleted).
   */

  void snd_usbmidi_disconnect(struct list_head *p)

  {

  	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi;

  	unsigned int i, j;

  	umidi = list_entry(p, struct snd_usb_midi, list);

  	/*
  	 * an URB's completion handler may start the timer and
  	 * a timer may submit an URB. To reliably break the cycle
  	 * a flag under lock must be used
  	 */

  	down_write(&umidi->disc_rwsem);

  	spin_lock_irq(&umidi->disc_lock);
  	umidi->disconnected = 1;
  	spin_unlock_irq(&umidi->disc_lock);

  	up_write(&umidi->disc_rwsem);

  	for (i = 0; i < MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS; ++i) {

  		struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint *ep = &umidi->endpoints[i];

  		if (ep->out)
  			tasklet_kill(&ep->out->tasklet);

  		if (ep->out) {
  			for (j = 0; j < OUTPUT_URBS; ++j)
  				usb_kill_urb(ep->out->urbs[j].urb);

  			if (umidi->usb_protocol_ops->finish_out_endpoint)
  				umidi->usb_protocol_ops->finish_out_endpoint(ep->out);

  			ep->out->active_urbs = 0;
  			if (ep->out->drain_urbs) {
  				ep->out->drain_urbs = 0;
  				wake_up(&ep->out->drain_wait);
  			}

  		}

  		if (ep->in)

  			for (j = 0; j < INPUT_URBS; ++j)
  				usb_kill_urb(ep->in->urbs[j]);

  		/* free endpoints here; later call can result in Oops */

  		if (ep->out)
  			snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_clear(ep->out);

  		if (ep->in) {
  			snd_usbmidi_in_endpoint_delete(ep->in);
  			ep->in = NULL;
  		}

  	}

  	del_timer_sync(&umidi->error_timer);

  }

  EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_usbmidi_disconnect);

  static void snd_usbmidi_rawmidi_free(struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi)

  {

  	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi = rmidi->private_data;

  	snd_usbmidi_free(umidi);
  }

  static struct snd_rawmidi_substream *snd_usbmidi_find_substream(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
  								int stream,
  								int number)

  {

  	struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream;

  	list_for_each_entry(substream, &umidi->rmidi->streams[stream].substreams,
  			    list) {

  		if (substream->number == number)
  			return substream;
  	}
  	return NULL;
  }
  
  /*
   * This list specifies names for ports that do not fit into the standard
   * "(product) MIDI (n)" schema because they aren't external MIDI ports,
   * such as internal control or synthesizer ports.
   */

  static struct port_info {

  	u32 id;

  	short int port;
  	short int voices;
  	const char *name;
  	unsigned int seq_flags;
  } snd_usbmidi_port_info[] = {
  #define PORT_INFO(vendor, product, num, name_, voices_, flags) \
  	{ .id = USB_ID(vendor, product), \
  	  .port = num, .voices = voices_, \
  	  .name = name_, .seq_flags = flags }
  #define EXTERNAL_PORT(vendor, product, num, name) \
  	PORT_INFO(vendor, product, num, name, 0, \
  		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GENERIC | \
  		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_HARDWARE | \
  		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_PORT)
  #define CONTROL_PORT(vendor, product, num, name) \
  	PORT_INFO(vendor, product, num, name, 0, \
  		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GENERIC | \
  		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_HARDWARE)

  #define GM_SYNTH_PORT(vendor, product, num, name, voices) \
  	PORT_INFO(vendor, product, num, name, voices, \
  		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GENERIC | \
  		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GM | \
  		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_HARDWARE | \
  		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_SYNTHESIZER)

  #define ROLAND_SYNTH_PORT(vendor, product, num, name, voices) \
  	PORT_INFO(vendor, product, num, name, voices, \
  		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GENERIC | \
  		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GM | \
  		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GM2 | \
  		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GS | \
  		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_XG | \
  		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_HARDWARE | \
  		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_SYNTHESIZER)
  #define SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(vendor, product, num, name, voices) \
  	PORT_INFO(vendor, product, num, name, voices, \
  		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GENERIC | \
  		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GM | \
  		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GM2 | \
  		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GS | \
  		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_XG | \
  		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_MT32 | \
  		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_HARDWARE | \
  		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_SYNTHESIZER)

  	/* Yamaha MOTIF XF */
  	GM_SYNTH_PORT(0x0499, 0x105c, 0, "%s Tone Generator", 128),
  	CONTROL_PORT(0x0499, 0x105c, 1, "%s Remote Control"),
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0499, 0x105c, 2, "%s Thru"),
  	CONTROL_PORT(0x0499, 0x105c, 3, "%s Editor"),

  	/* Roland UA-100 */

  	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0000, 2, "%s Control"),

  	/* Roland SC-8850 */

  	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x0003, 0, "%s Part A", 128),
  	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x0003, 1, "%s Part B", 128),
  	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x0003, 2, "%s Part C", 128),
  	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x0003, 3, "%s Part D", 128),
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0003, 4, "%s MIDI 1"),
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0003, 5, "%s MIDI 2"),

  	/* Roland U-8 */

  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0004, 0, "%s MIDI"),
  	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0004, 1, "%s Control"),

  	/* Roland SC-8820 */

  	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x0007, 0, "%s Part A", 64),
  	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x0007, 1, "%s Part B", 64),
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0007, 2, "%s MIDI"),

  	/* Roland SK-500 */

  	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x000b, 0, "%s Part A", 64),
  	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x000b, 1, "%s Part B", 64),
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x000b, 2, "%s MIDI"),

  	/* Roland SC-D70 */

  	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x000c, 0, "%s Part A", 64),
  	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x000c, 1, "%s Part B", 64),
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x000c, 2, "%s MIDI"),

  	/* Edirol UM-880 */

  	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0014, 8, "%s Control"),

  	/* Edirol SD-90 */

  	ROLAND_SYNTH_PORT(0x0582, 0x0016, 0, "%s Part A", 128),
  	ROLAND_SYNTH_PORT(0x0582, 0x0016, 1, "%s Part B", 128),
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0016, 2, "%s MIDI 1"),
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0016, 3, "%s MIDI 2"),

  	/* Edirol UM-550 */

  	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0023, 5, "%s Control"),

  	/* Edirol SD-20 */

  	ROLAND_SYNTH_PORT(0x0582, 0x0027, 0, "%s Part A", 64),
  	ROLAND_SYNTH_PORT(0x0582, 0x0027, 1, "%s Part B", 64),
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0027, 2, "%s MIDI"),

  	/* Edirol SD-80 */

  	ROLAND_SYNTH_PORT(0x0582, 0x0029, 0, "%s Part A", 128),
  	ROLAND_SYNTH_PORT(0x0582, 0x0029, 1, "%s Part B", 128),
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0029, 2, "%s MIDI 1"),
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0029, 3, "%s MIDI 2"),

  	/* Edirol UA-700 */

  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x002b, 0, "%s MIDI"),
  	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x002b, 1, "%s Control"),

  	/* Roland VariOS */

  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x002f, 0, "%s MIDI"),
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x002f, 1, "%s External MIDI"),
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x002f, 2, "%s Sync"),

  	/* Edirol PCR */

  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0033, 0, "%s MIDI"),
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0033, 1, "%s 1"),
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0033, 2, "%s 2"),

  	/* BOSS GS-10 */

  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x003b, 0, "%s MIDI"),
  	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x003b, 1, "%s Control"),

  	/* Edirol UA-1000 */

  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0044, 0, "%s MIDI"),
  	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0044, 1, "%s Control"),

  	/* Edirol UR-80 */

  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0048, 0, "%s MIDI"),
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0048, 1, "%s 1"),
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0048, 2, "%s 2"),

  	/* Edirol PCR-A */

  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x004d, 0, "%s MIDI"),
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x004d, 1, "%s 1"),
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x004d, 2, "%s 2"),

  	/* BOSS GT-PRO */
  	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0089, 0, "%s Control"),

  	/* Edirol UM-3EX */

  	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x009a, 3, "%s Control"),

  	/* Roland VG-99 */
  	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x00b2, 0, "%s Control"),
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x00b2, 1, "%s MIDI"),
  	/* Cakewalk Sonar V-Studio 100 */
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x00eb, 0, "%s MIDI"),
  	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x00eb, 1, "%s Control"),
  	/* Roland VB-99 */
  	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0102, 0, "%s Control"),
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0102, 1, "%s MIDI"),
  	/* Roland A-PRO */
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x010f, 0, "%s MIDI"),
  	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x010f, 1, "%s 1"),
  	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x010f, 2, "%s 2"),
  	/* Roland SD-50 */
  	ROLAND_SYNTH_PORT(0x0582, 0x0114, 0, "%s Synth", 128),
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0114, 1, "%s MIDI"),
  	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0114, 2, "%s Control"),
  	/* Roland OCTA-CAPTURE */
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0120, 0, "%s MIDI"),
  	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0120, 1, "%s Control"),
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0121, 0, "%s MIDI"),
  	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0121, 1, "%s Control"),
  	/* Roland SPD-SX */
  	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0145, 0, "%s Control"),
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0145, 1, "%s MIDI"),
  	/* Roland A-Series */
  	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0156, 0, "%s Keyboard"),
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0156, 1, "%s MIDI"),
  	/* Roland INTEGRA-7 */
  	ROLAND_SYNTH_PORT(0x0582, 0x015b, 0, "%s Synth", 128),
  	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x015b, 1, "%s Control"),

  	/* M-Audio MidiSport 8x8 */

  	CONTROL_PORT(0x0763, 0x1031, 8, "%s Control"),
  	CONTROL_PORT(0x0763, 0x1033, 8, "%s Control"),

  	/* MOTU Fastlane */

  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x07fd, 0x0001, 0, "%s MIDI A"),
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x07fd, 0x0001, 1, "%s MIDI B"),

  	/* Emagic Unitor8/AMT8/MT4 */

  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x086a, 0x0001, 8, "%s Broadcast"),
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x086a, 0x0002, 8, "%s Broadcast"),
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x086a, 0x0003, 4, "%s Broadcast"),

  	/* Akai MPD16 */
  	CONTROL_PORT(0x09e8, 0x0062, 0, "%s Control"),
  	PORT_INFO(0x09e8, 0x0062, 1, "%s MIDI", 0,
  		SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GENERIC |
  		SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_HARDWARE),

  	/* Access Music Virus TI */
  	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x133e, 0x0815, 0, "%s MIDI"),
  	PORT_INFO(0x133e, 0x0815, 1, "%s Synth", 0,
  		SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GENERIC |
  		SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_HARDWARE |
  		SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_SYNTHESIZER),

  };

  static struct port_info *find_port_info(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi, int number)

  {
  	int i;
  
  	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_usbmidi_port_info); ++i) {

  		if (snd_usbmidi_port_info[i].id == umidi->usb_id &&

  		    snd_usbmidi_port_info[i].port == number)
  			return &snd_usbmidi_port_info[i];
  	}
  	return NULL;
  }
  
  static void snd_usbmidi_get_port_info(struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi, int number,
  				      struct snd_seq_port_info *seq_port_info)
  {
  	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi = rmidi->private_data;
  	struct port_info *port_info;
  
  	/* TODO: read port flags from descriptors */
  	port_info = find_port_info(umidi, number);
  	if (port_info) {
  		seq_port_info->type = port_info->seq_flags;
  		seq_port_info->midi_voices = port_info->voices;
  	}
  }

  static void snd_usbmidi_init_substream(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,

  				       int stream, int number,

  				       struct snd_rawmidi_substream **rsubstream)

  {

  	struct port_info *port_info;

  	const char *name_format;

  	struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream =
  		snd_usbmidi_find_substream(umidi, stream, number);

  	if (!substream) {

  		dev_err(&umidi->dev->dev, "substream %d:%d not found
  ", stream,
  			number);

  		return;
  	}
  
  	/* TODO: read port name from jack descriptor */

  	port_info = find_port_info(umidi, number);
  	name_format = port_info ? port_info->name : "%s MIDI %d";

  	snprintf(substream->name, sizeof(substream->name),

  		 name_format, umidi->card->shortname, number + 1);

  
  	*rsubstream = substream;
  }
  
  /*
   * Creates the endpoints and their ports.
   */

  static int snd_usbmidi_create_endpoints(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
  					struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info *endpoints)

  {
  	int i, j, err;
  	int out_ports = 0, in_ports = 0;
  
  	for (i = 0; i < MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS; ++i) {
  		if (endpoints[i].out_cables) {

  			err = snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_create(umidi,
  							      &endpoints[i],

  							      &umidi->endpoints[i]);
  			if (err < 0)
  				return err;
  		}
  		if (endpoints[i].in_cables) {

  			err = snd_usbmidi_in_endpoint_create(umidi,
  							     &endpoints[i],

  							     &umidi->endpoints[i]);
  			if (err < 0)
  				return err;
  		}
  
  		for (j = 0; j < 0x10; ++j) {
  			if (endpoints[i].out_cables & (1 << j)) {

  				snd_usbmidi_init_substream(umidi,
  							   SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT,
  							   out_ports,

  							   &umidi->endpoints[i].out->ports[j].substream);
  				++out_ports;
  			}
  			if (endpoints[i].in_cables & (1 << j)) {

  				snd_usbmidi_init_substream(umidi,
  							   SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT,
  							   in_ports,

  							   &umidi->endpoints[i].in->ports[j].substream);
  				++in_ports;
  			}
  		}
  	}

  	dev_dbg(&umidi->dev->dev, "created %d output and %d input ports
  ",

  		    out_ports, in_ports);
  	return 0;
  }
  
  /*
   * Returns MIDIStreaming device capabilities.
   */

  static int snd_usbmidi_get_ms_info(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
  				   struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info *endpoints)

  {

  	struct usb_interface *intf;

  	struct usb_host_interface *hostif;

  	struct usb_interface_descriptor *intfd;
  	struct usb_ms_header_descriptor *ms_header;

  	struct usb_host_endpoint *hostep;

  	struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *ep;
  	struct usb_ms_endpoint_descriptor *ms_ep;

  	int i, epidx;
  
  	intf = umidi->iface;
  	if (!intf)
  		return -ENXIO;
  	hostif = &intf->altsetting[0];
  	intfd = get_iface_desc(hostif);

  	ms_header = (struct usb_ms_header_descriptor *)hostif->extra;

  	if (hostif->extralen >= 7 &&
  	    ms_header->bLength >= 7 &&
  	    ms_header->bDescriptorType == USB_DT_CS_INTERFACE &&

  	    ms_header->bDescriptorSubtype == UAC_HEADER)

  		dev_dbg(&umidi->dev->dev, "MIDIStreaming version %02x.%02x
  ",

  			    ms_header->bcdMSC[1], ms_header->bcdMSC[0]);
  	else

  		dev_warn(&umidi->dev->dev,
  			 "MIDIStreaming interface descriptor not found
  ");

  
  	epidx = 0;
  	for (i = 0; i < intfd->bNumEndpoints; ++i) {
  		hostep = &hostif->endpoint[i];
  		ep = get_ep_desc(hostep);

  		if (!usb_endpoint_xfer_bulk(ep) && !usb_endpoint_xfer_int(ep))

  			continue;

  		ms_ep = (struct usb_ms_endpoint_descriptor *)hostep->extra;

  		if (hostep->extralen < 4 ||
  		    ms_ep->bLength < 4 ||
  		    ms_ep->bDescriptorType != USB_DT_CS_ENDPOINT ||

  		    ms_ep->bDescriptorSubtype != UAC_MS_GENERAL)

  			continue;

  		if (usb_endpoint_dir_out(ep)) {

  			if (endpoints[epidx].out_ep) {
  				if (++epidx >= MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS) {

  					dev_warn(&umidi->dev->dev,
  						 "too many endpoints
  ");

  					break;
  				}
  			}

  			endpoints[epidx].out_ep = usb_endpoint_num(ep);
  			if (usb_endpoint_xfer_int(ep))

  				endpoints[epidx].out_interval = ep->bInterval;

  			else if (snd_usb_get_speed(umidi->dev) == USB_SPEED_LOW)

  				/*
  				 * Low speed bulk transfers don't exist, so
  				 * force interrupt transfers for devices like
  				 * ESI MIDI Mate that try to use them anyway.
  				 */
  				endpoints[epidx].out_interval = 1;

  			endpoints[epidx].out_cables =
  				(1 << ms_ep->bNumEmbMIDIJack) - 1;

  			dev_dbg(&umidi->dev->dev, "EP %02X: %d jack(s)
  ",

  				ep->bEndpointAddress, ms_ep->bNumEmbMIDIJack);

  		} else {
  			if (endpoints[epidx].in_ep) {
  				if (++epidx >= MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS) {

  					dev_warn(&umidi->dev->dev,
  						 "too many endpoints
  ");

  					break;
  				}
  			}

  			endpoints[epidx].in_ep = usb_endpoint_num(ep);
  			if (usb_endpoint_xfer_int(ep))

  				endpoints[epidx].in_interval = ep->bInterval;

  			else if (snd_usb_get_speed(umidi->dev) == USB_SPEED_LOW)

  				endpoints[epidx].in_interval = 1;

  			endpoints[epidx].in_cables =
  				(1 << ms_ep->bNumEmbMIDIJack) - 1;

  			dev_dbg(&umidi->dev->dev, "EP %02X: %d jack(s)
  ",

  				ep->bEndpointAddress, ms_ep->bNumEmbMIDIJack);

  		}
  	}
  	return 0;
  }

  static int roland_load_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
  			    struct snd_ctl_elem_info *info)
  {
  	static const char *const names[] = { "High Load", "Light Load" };

  	return snd_ctl_enum_info(info, 1, 2, names);

  }
  
  static int roland_load_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
  			   struct snd_ctl_elem_value *value)
  {
  	value->value.enumerated.item[0] = kcontrol->private_value;
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int roland_load_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
  			   struct snd_ctl_elem_value *value)
  {

  	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi = kcontrol->private_data;

  	int changed;
  
  	if (value->value.enumerated.item[0] > 1)
  		return -EINVAL;
  	mutex_lock(&umidi->mutex);
  	changed = value->value.enumerated.item[0] != kcontrol->private_value;
  	if (changed)
  		kcontrol->private_value = value->value.enumerated.item[0];
  	mutex_unlock(&umidi->mutex);
  	return changed;
  }

  static const struct snd_kcontrol_new roland_load_ctl = {

  	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
  	.name = "MIDI Input Mode",
  	.info = roland_load_info,
  	.get = roland_load_get,
  	.put = roland_load_put,
  	.private_value = 1,
  };

  /*
   * On Roland devices, use the second alternate setting to be able to use
   * the interrupt input endpoint.
   */

  static void snd_usbmidi_switch_roland_altsetting(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi)

  {

  	struct usb_interface *intf;

  	struct usb_host_interface *hostif;

  	struct usb_interface_descriptor *intfd;

  
  	intf = umidi->iface;
  	if (!intf || intf->num_altsetting != 2)
  		return;
  
  	hostif = &intf->altsetting[1];
  	intfd = get_iface_desc(hostif);

         /* If either or both of the endpoints support interrupt transfer,
          * then use the alternate setting
          */

  	if (intfd->bNumEndpoints != 2 ||

  	    !((get_endpoint(hostif, 0)->bmAttributes &
  	       USB_ENDPOINT_XFERTYPE_MASK) == USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_INT ||
  	      (get_endpoint(hostif, 1)->bmAttributes &
  	       USB_ENDPOINT_XFERTYPE_MASK) == USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_INT))

  		return;

  	dev_dbg(&umidi->dev->dev, "switching to altsetting %d with int ep
  ",

  		    intfd->bAlternateSetting);

  	usb_set_interface(umidi->dev, intfd->bInterfaceNumber,

  			  intfd->bAlternateSetting);

  
  	umidi->roland_load_ctl = snd_ctl_new1(&roland_load_ctl, umidi);

  	if (snd_ctl_add(umidi->card, umidi->roland_load_ctl) < 0)

  		umidi->roland_load_ctl = NULL;

  }
  
  /*
   * Try to find any usable endpoints in the interface.
   */

  static int snd_usbmidi_detect_endpoints(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
  					struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info *endpoint,

  					int max_endpoints)
  {

  	struct usb_interface *intf;

  	struct usb_host_interface *hostif;

  	struct usb_interface_descriptor *intfd;
  	struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *epd;

  	int i, out_eps = 0, in_eps = 0;

  	if (USB_ID_VENDOR(umidi->usb_id) == 0x0582)

  		snd_usbmidi_switch_roland_altsetting(umidi);

  	if (endpoint[0].out_ep || endpoint[0].in_ep)

  		return 0;

  	intf = umidi->iface;
  	if (!intf || intf->num_altsetting < 1)
  		return -ENOENT;
  	hostif = intf->cur_altsetting;
  	intfd = get_iface_desc(hostif);
  
  	for (i = 0; i < intfd->bNumEndpoints; ++i) {
  		epd = get_endpoint(hostif, i);

  		if (!usb_endpoint_xfer_bulk(epd) &&
  		    !usb_endpoint_xfer_int(epd))

  			continue;
  		if (out_eps < max_endpoints &&

  		    usb_endpoint_dir_out(epd)) {
  			endpoint[out_eps].out_ep = usb_endpoint_num(epd);
  			if (usb_endpoint_xfer_int(epd))

  				endpoint[out_eps].out_interval = epd->bInterval;
  			++out_eps;
  		}
  		if (in_eps < max_endpoints &&

  		    usb_endpoint_dir_in(epd)) {
  			endpoint[in_eps].in_ep = usb_endpoint_num(epd);
  			if (usb_endpoint_xfer_int(epd))

  				endpoint[in_eps].in_interval = epd->bInterval;
  			++in_eps;
  		}
  	}
  	return (out_eps || in_eps) ? 0 : -ENOENT;
  }
  
  /*
   * Detects the endpoints for one-port-per-endpoint protocols.
   */

  static int snd_usbmidi_detect_per_port_endpoints(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
  						 struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info *endpoints)

  {
  	int err, i;

  	err = snd_usbmidi_detect_endpoints(umidi, endpoints, MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS);
  	for (i = 0; i < MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS; ++i) {
  		if (endpoints[i].out_ep)
  			endpoints[i].out_cables = 0x0001;
  		if (endpoints[i].in_ep)
  			endpoints[i].in_cables = 0x0001;
  	}
  	return err;
  }
  
  /*
   * Detects the endpoints and ports of Yamaha devices.
   */

  static int snd_usbmidi_detect_yamaha(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
  				     struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info *endpoint)

  {

  	struct usb_interface *intf;

  	struct usb_host_interface *hostif;

  	struct usb_interface_descriptor *intfd;
  	uint8_t *cs_desc;

  
  	intf = umidi->iface;
  	if (!intf)
  		return -ENOENT;
  	hostif = intf->altsetting;
  	intfd = get_iface_desc(hostif);
  	if (intfd->bNumEndpoints < 1)
  		return -ENOENT;
  
  	/*
  	 * For each port there is one MIDI_IN/OUT_JACK descriptor, not
  	 * necessarily with any useful contents.  So simply count 'em.
  	 */
  	for (cs_desc = hostif->extra;
  	     cs_desc < hostif->extra + hostif->extralen && cs_desc[0] >= 2;
  	     cs_desc += cs_desc[0]) {

  		if (cs_desc[1] == USB_DT_CS_INTERFACE) {

  			if (cs_desc[2] == UAC_MIDI_IN_JACK)