The I2C protocol knows about two kinds of device addresses: normal 7 bit

  addresses, and an extended set of 10 bit addresses. The sets of addresses
  do not intersect: the 7 bit address 0x10 is not the same as the 10 bit

  address 0x10 (though a single device could respond to both of them).

  I2C messages to and from 10-bit address devices have a different format.
  See the I2C specification for the details.

  The current 10 bit address support is minimal. It should work, however
  you can expect some problems along the way:
  * Not all bus drivers support 10-bit addresses. Some don't because the
    hardware doesn't support them (SMBus doesn't require 10-bit address
    support for example), some don't because nobody bothered adding the
    code (or it's there but not working properly.) Software implementation
    (i2c-algo-bit) is known to work.
  * Some optional features do not support 10-bit addresses. This is the
    case of automatic detection and instantiation of devices by their,
    drivers, for example.
  * Many user-space packages (for example i2c-tools) lack support for
    10-bit addresses.
  
  Note that 10-bit address devices are still pretty rare, so the limitations
  listed above could stay for a long time, maybe even forever if nobody
  needs them to be fixed.