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net/sched/sch_pie.c
15.7 KB
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// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only |
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/* Copyright (C) 2013 Cisco Systems, Inc, 2013. * |
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* Author: Vijay Subramanian <vijaynsu@cisco.com> * Author: Mythili Prabhu <mysuryan@cisco.com> * * ECN support is added by Naeem Khademi <naeemk@ifi.uio.no> * University of Oslo, Norway. |
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* * References: |
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* RFC 8033: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8033 |
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*/ #include <linux/module.h> #include <linux/slab.h> #include <linux/types.h> #include <linux/kernel.h> #include <linux/errno.h> #include <linux/skbuff.h> #include <net/pkt_sched.h> #include <net/inet_ecn.h> |
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#define QUEUE_THRESHOLD 16384 |
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#define DQCOUNT_INVALID -1 |
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#define MAX_PROB 0xffffffffffffffff |
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#define PIE_SCALE 8 /* parameters used */ struct pie_params { psched_time_t target; /* user specified target delay in pschedtime */ u32 tupdate; /* timer frequency (in jiffies) */ u32 limit; /* number of packets that can be enqueued */ |
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u32 alpha; /* alpha and beta are between 0 and 32 */ |
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u32 beta; /* and are used for shift relative to 1 */ bool ecn; /* true if ecn is enabled */ bool bytemode; /* to scale drop early prob based on pkt size */ }; /* variables used */ struct pie_vars { |
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u64 prob; /* probability but scaled by u64 limit. */ |
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psched_time_t burst_time; psched_time_t qdelay; psched_time_t qdelay_old; u64 dq_count; /* measured in bytes */ psched_time_t dq_tstamp; /* drain rate */ |
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u64 accu_prob; /* accumulated drop probability */ |
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u32 avg_dq_rate; /* bytes per pschedtime tick,scaled */ u32 qlen_old; /* in bytes */ |
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u8 accu_prob_overflows; /* overflows of accu_prob */ |
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}; /* statistics gathering */ struct pie_stats { u32 packets_in; /* total number of packets enqueued */ u32 dropped; /* packets dropped due to pie_action */ u32 overlimit; /* dropped due to lack of space in queue */ u32 maxq; /* maximum queue size */ u32 ecn_mark; /* packets marked with ECN */ }; /* private data for the Qdisc */ struct pie_sched_data { struct pie_params params; struct pie_vars vars; struct pie_stats stats; struct timer_list adapt_timer; |
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struct Qdisc *sch; |
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}; static void pie_params_init(struct pie_params *params) { params->alpha = 2; params->beta = 20; |
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params->tupdate = usecs_to_jiffies(15 * USEC_PER_MSEC); /* 15 ms */ |
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params->limit = 1000; /* default of 1000 packets */ |
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params->target = PSCHED_NS2TICKS(15 * NSEC_PER_MSEC); /* 15 ms */ |
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params->ecn = false; params->bytemode = false; } static void pie_vars_init(struct pie_vars *vars) { vars->dq_count = DQCOUNT_INVALID; |
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vars->accu_prob = 0; |
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vars->avg_dq_rate = 0; |
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/* default of 150 ms in pschedtime */ vars->burst_time = PSCHED_NS2TICKS(150 * NSEC_PER_MSEC); |
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vars->accu_prob_overflows = 0; |
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} static bool drop_early(struct Qdisc *sch, u32 packet_size) { struct pie_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch); |
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u64 rnd; u64 local_prob = q->vars.prob; |
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u32 mtu = psched_mtu(qdisc_dev(sch)); /* If there is still burst allowance left skip random early drop */ if (q->vars.burst_time > 0) return false; /* If current delay is less than half of target, and * if drop prob is low already, disable early_drop */ |
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if ((q->vars.qdelay < q->params.target / 2) && (q->vars.prob < MAX_PROB / 5)) |
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return false; /* If we have fewer than 2 mtu-sized packets, disable drop_early, * similar to min_th in RED */ if (sch->qstats.backlog < 2 * mtu) return false; /* If bytemode is turned on, use packet size to compute new * probablity. Smaller packets will have lower drop prob in this case */ if (q->params.bytemode && packet_size <= mtu) |
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local_prob = (u64)packet_size * div_u64(local_prob, mtu); |
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else local_prob = q->vars.prob; |
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if (local_prob == 0) { q->vars.accu_prob = 0; q->vars.accu_prob_overflows = 0; } if (local_prob > MAX_PROB - q->vars.accu_prob) q->vars.accu_prob_overflows++; q->vars.accu_prob += local_prob; if (q->vars.accu_prob_overflows == 0 && q->vars.accu_prob < (MAX_PROB / 100) * 85) return false; if (q->vars.accu_prob_overflows == 8 && q->vars.accu_prob >= MAX_PROB / 2) return true; |
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prandom_bytes(&rnd, 8); |
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if (rnd < local_prob) { q->vars.accu_prob = 0; q->vars.accu_prob_overflows = 0; |
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return true; |
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} |
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return false; } |
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static int pie_qdisc_enqueue(struct sk_buff *skb, struct Qdisc *sch, struct sk_buff **to_free) |
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{ struct pie_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch); bool enqueue = false; if (unlikely(qdisc_qlen(sch) >= sch->limit)) { q->stats.overlimit++; goto out; } if (!drop_early(sch, skb->len)) { enqueue = true; } else if (q->params.ecn && (q->vars.prob <= MAX_PROB / 10) && INET_ECN_set_ce(skb)) { /* If packet is ecn capable, mark it if drop probability * is lower than 10%, else drop it. */ q->stats.ecn_mark++; enqueue = true; } /* we can enqueue the packet */ if (enqueue) { q->stats.packets_in++; if (qdisc_qlen(sch) > q->stats.maxq) q->stats.maxq = qdisc_qlen(sch); return qdisc_enqueue_tail(skb, sch); } out: q->stats.dropped++; |
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q->vars.accu_prob = 0; q->vars.accu_prob_overflows = 0; |
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return qdisc_drop(skb, sch, to_free); |
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} static const struct nla_policy pie_policy[TCA_PIE_MAX + 1] = { [TCA_PIE_TARGET] = {.type = NLA_U32}, [TCA_PIE_LIMIT] = {.type = NLA_U32}, [TCA_PIE_TUPDATE] = {.type = NLA_U32}, [TCA_PIE_ALPHA] = {.type = NLA_U32}, [TCA_PIE_BETA] = {.type = NLA_U32}, [TCA_PIE_ECN] = {.type = NLA_U32}, [TCA_PIE_BYTEMODE] = {.type = NLA_U32}, }; |
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static int pie_change(struct Qdisc *sch, struct nlattr *opt, struct netlink_ext_ack *extack) |
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{ struct pie_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch); struct nlattr *tb[TCA_PIE_MAX + 1]; |
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unsigned int qlen, dropped = 0; |
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int err; if (!opt) return -EINVAL; |
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err = nla_parse_nested_deprecated(tb, TCA_PIE_MAX, opt, pie_policy, NULL); |
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if (err < 0) return err; sch_tree_lock(sch); /* convert from microseconds to pschedtime */ if (tb[TCA_PIE_TARGET]) { /* target is in us */ u32 target = nla_get_u32(tb[TCA_PIE_TARGET]); /* convert to pschedtime */ q->params.target = PSCHED_NS2TICKS((u64)target * NSEC_PER_USEC); } /* tupdate is in jiffies */ if (tb[TCA_PIE_TUPDATE]) |
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q->params.tupdate = usecs_to_jiffies(nla_get_u32(tb[TCA_PIE_TUPDATE])); |
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if (tb[TCA_PIE_LIMIT]) { u32 limit = nla_get_u32(tb[TCA_PIE_LIMIT]); q->params.limit = limit; sch->limit = limit; } if (tb[TCA_PIE_ALPHA]) q->params.alpha = nla_get_u32(tb[TCA_PIE_ALPHA]); if (tb[TCA_PIE_BETA]) q->params.beta = nla_get_u32(tb[TCA_PIE_BETA]); if (tb[TCA_PIE_ECN]) q->params.ecn = nla_get_u32(tb[TCA_PIE_ECN]); if (tb[TCA_PIE_BYTEMODE]) q->params.bytemode = nla_get_u32(tb[TCA_PIE_BYTEMODE]); /* Drop excess packets if new limit is lower */ qlen = sch->q.qlen; while (sch->q.qlen > sch->limit) { |
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struct sk_buff *skb = __qdisc_dequeue_head(&sch->q); |
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dropped += qdisc_pkt_len(skb); |
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qdisc_qstats_backlog_dec(sch, skb); |
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rtnl_qdisc_drop(skb, sch); |
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} |
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qdisc_tree_reduce_backlog(sch, qlen - sch->q.qlen, dropped); |
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sch_tree_unlock(sch); return 0; } static void pie_process_dequeue(struct Qdisc *sch, struct sk_buff *skb) { |
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struct pie_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch); int qlen = sch->qstats.backlog; /* current queue size in bytes */ /* If current queue is about 10 packets or more and dq_count is unset * we have enough packets to calculate the drain rate. Save * current time as dq_tstamp and start measurement cycle. */ if (qlen >= QUEUE_THRESHOLD && q->vars.dq_count == DQCOUNT_INVALID) { q->vars.dq_tstamp = psched_get_time(); q->vars.dq_count = 0; } /* Calculate the average drain rate from this value. If queue length * has receded to a small value viz., <= QUEUE_THRESHOLD bytes,reset * the dq_count to -1 as we don't have enough packets to calculate the * drain rate anymore The following if block is entered only when we * have a substantial queue built up (QUEUE_THRESHOLD bytes or more) * and we calculate the drain rate for the threshold here. dq_count is * in bytes, time difference in psched_time, hence rate is in * bytes/psched_time. */ if (q->vars.dq_count != DQCOUNT_INVALID) { q->vars.dq_count += skb->len; if (q->vars.dq_count >= QUEUE_THRESHOLD) { psched_time_t now = psched_get_time(); u32 dtime = now - q->vars.dq_tstamp; u32 count = q->vars.dq_count << PIE_SCALE; if (dtime == 0) return; count = count / dtime; if (q->vars.avg_dq_rate == 0) q->vars.avg_dq_rate = count; else q->vars.avg_dq_rate = (q->vars.avg_dq_rate - (q->vars.avg_dq_rate >> 3)) + (count >> 3); /* If the queue has receded below the threshold, we hold * on to the last drain rate calculated, else we reset * dq_count to 0 to re-enter the if block when the next * packet is dequeued */ |
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if (qlen < QUEUE_THRESHOLD) { |
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q->vars.dq_count = DQCOUNT_INVALID; |
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} else { |
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q->vars.dq_count = 0; q->vars.dq_tstamp = psched_get_time(); } if (q->vars.burst_time > 0) { if (q->vars.burst_time > dtime) q->vars.burst_time -= dtime; else q->vars.burst_time = 0; } } } } static void calculate_probability(struct Qdisc *sch) { struct pie_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch); u32 qlen = sch->qstats.backlog; /* queue size in bytes */ psched_time_t qdelay = 0; /* in pschedtime */ psched_time_t qdelay_old = q->vars.qdelay; /* in pschedtime */ |
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s64 delta = 0; /* determines the change in probability */ u64 oldprob; u64 alpha, beta; u32 power; |
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bool update_prob = true; q->vars.qdelay_old = q->vars.qdelay; if (q->vars.avg_dq_rate > 0) qdelay = (qlen << PIE_SCALE) / q->vars.avg_dq_rate; else qdelay = 0; /* If qdelay is zero and qlen is not, it means qlen is very small, less * than dequeue_rate, so we do not update probabilty in this round */ if (qdelay == 0 && qlen != 0) update_prob = false; |
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/* In the algorithm, alpha and beta are between 0 and 2 with typical * value for alpha as 0.125. In this implementation, we use values 0-32 * passed from user space to represent this. Also, alpha and beta have * unit of HZ and need to be scaled before they can used to update |
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* probability. alpha/beta are updated locally below by scaling down * by 16 to come to 0-2 range. |
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*/ |
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alpha = ((u64)q->params.alpha * (MAX_PROB / PSCHED_TICKS_PER_SEC)) >> 4; beta = ((u64)q->params.beta * (MAX_PROB / PSCHED_TICKS_PER_SEC)) >> 4; /* We scale alpha and beta differently depending on how heavy the * congestion is. Please see RFC 8033 for details. */ if (q->vars.prob < MAX_PROB / 10) { alpha >>= 1; beta >>= 1; power = 100; while (q->vars.prob < div_u64(MAX_PROB, power) && power <= 1000000) { alpha >>= 2; beta >>= 2; power *= 10; } |
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} /* alpha and beta should be between 0 and 32, in multiples of 1/16 */ |
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delta += alpha * (u64)(qdelay - q->params.target); delta += beta * (u64)(qdelay - qdelay_old); |
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oldprob = q->vars.prob; /* to ensure we increase probability in steps of no more than 2% */ |
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if (delta > (s64)(MAX_PROB / (100 / 2)) && |
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q->vars.prob >= MAX_PROB / 10) delta = (MAX_PROB / 100) * 2; /* Non-linear drop: * Tune drop probability to increase quickly for high delays(>= 250ms) * 250ms is derived through experiments and provides error protection */ if (qdelay > (PSCHED_NS2TICKS(250 * NSEC_PER_MSEC))) delta += MAX_PROB / (100 / 2); q->vars.prob += delta; if (delta > 0) { /* prevent overflow */ if (q->vars.prob < oldprob) { q->vars.prob = MAX_PROB; /* Prevent normalization error. If probability is at * maximum value already, we normalize it here, and * skip the check to do a non-linear drop in the next * section. */ update_prob = false; } } else { /* prevent underflow */ if (q->vars.prob > oldprob) q->vars.prob = 0; } /* Non-linear drop in probability: Reduce drop probability quickly if * delay is 0 for 2 consecutive Tupdate periods. */ |
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if (qdelay == 0 && qdelay_old == 0 && update_prob) |
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/* Reduce drop probability to 98.4% */ q->vars.prob -= q->vars.prob / 64u; |
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q->vars.qdelay = qdelay; q->vars.qlen_old = qlen; /* We restart the measurement cycle if the following conditions are met * 1. If the delay has been low for 2 consecutive Tupdate periods * 2. Calculated drop probability is zero * 3. We have atleast one estimate for the avg_dq_rate ie., * is a non-zero value */ if ((q->vars.qdelay < q->params.target / 2) && (q->vars.qdelay_old < q->params.target / 2) && |
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q->vars.prob == 0 && q->vars.avg_dq_rate > 0) |
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pie_vars_init(&q->vars); } |
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static void pie_timer(struct timer_list *t) |
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{ |
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struct pie_sched_data *q = from_timer(q, t, adapt_timer); struct Qdisc *sch = q->sch; |
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spinlock_t *root_lock = qdisc_lock(qdisc_root_sleeping(sch)); spin_lock(root_lock); calculate_probability(sch); /* reset the timer to fire after 'tupdate'. tupdate is in jiffies. */ if (q->params.tupdate) mod_timer(&q->adapt_timer, jiffies + q->params.tupdate); spin_unlock(root_lock); |
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} |
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static int pie_init(struct Qdisc *sch, struct nlattr *opt, struct netlink_ext_ack *extack) |
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{ struct pie_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch); pie_params_init(&q->params); pie_vars_init(&q->vars); sch->limit = q->params.limit; |
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q->sch = sch; timer_setup(&q->adapt_timer, pie_timer, 0); |
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if (opt) { |
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int err = pie_change(sch, opt, extack); |
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if (err) return err; } |
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mod_timer(&q->adapt_timer, jiffies + HZ / 2); |
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return 0; } static int pie_dump(struct Qdisc *sch, struct sk_buff *skb) { struct pie_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch); struct nlattr *opts; |
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opts = nla_nest_start_noflag(skb, TCA_OPTIONS); |
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if (!opts) |
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goto nla_put_failure; /* convert target from pschedtime to us */ if (nla_put_u32(skb, TCA_PIE_TARGET, |
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((u32)PSCHED_TICKS2NS(q->params.target)) / |
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NSEC_PER_USEC) || nla_put_u32(skb, TCA_PIE_LIMIT, sch->limit) || |
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nla_put_u32(skb, TCA_PIE_TUPDATE, jiffies_to_usecs(q->params.tupdate)) || |
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nla_put_u32(skb, TCA_PIE_ALPHA, q->params.alpha) || nla_put_u32(skb, TCA_PIE_BETA, q->params.beta) || nla_put_u32(skb, TCA_PIE_ECN, q->params.ecn) || nla_put_u32(skb, TCA_PIE_BYTEMODE, q->params.bytemode)) goto nla_put_failure; return nla_nest_end(skb, opts); nla_put_failure: nla_nest_cancel(skb, opts); return -1; |
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} static int pie_dump_stats(struct Qdisc *sch, struct gnet_dump *d) { struct pie_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch); struct tc_pie_xstats st = { .prob = q->vars.prob, |
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.delay = ((u32)PSCHED_TICKS2NS(q->vars.qdelay)) / |
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NSEC_PER_USEC, /* unscale and return dq_rate in bytes per sec */ .avg_dq_rate = q->vars.avg_dq_rate * (PSCHED_TICKS_PER_SEC) >> PIE_SCALE, .packets_in = q->stats.packets_in, .overlimit = q->stats.overlimit, .maxq = q->stats.maxq, .dropped = q->stats.dropped, .ecn_mark = q->stats.ecn_mark, }; return gnet_stats_copy_app(d, &st, sizeof(st)); } static struct sk_buff *pie_qdisc_dequeue(struct Qdisc *sch) { |
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struct sk_buff *skb = qdisc_dequeue_head(sch); |
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if (!skb) return NULL; pie_process_dequeue(sch, skb); return skb; } static void pie_reset(struct Qdisc *sch) { struct pie_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch); |
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|
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qdisc_reset_queue(sch); pie_vars_init(&q->vars); } static void pie_destroy(struct Qdisc *sch) { struct pie_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch); |
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d4b36210c net: pkt_sched: P... |
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q->params.tupdate = 0; del_timer_sync(&q->adapt_timer); } static struct Qdisc_ops pie_qdisc_ops __read_mostly = { .id = "pie", .priv_size = sizeof(struct pie_sched_data), .enqueue = pie_qdisc_enqueue, .dequeue = pie_qdisc_dequeue, .peek = qdisc_peek_dequeued, .init = pie_init, .destroy = pie_destroy, .reset = pie_reset, .change = pie_change, .dump = pie_dump, .dump_stats = pie_dump_stats, .owner = THIS_MODULE, }; static int __init pie_module_init(void) { return register_qdisc(&pie_qdisc_ops); } static void __exit pie_module_exit(void) { unregister_qdisc(&pie_qdisc_ops); } module_init(pie_module_init); module_exit(pie_module_exit); MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Proportional Integral controller Enhanced (PIE) scheduler"); MODULE_AUTHOR("Vijay Subramanian"); MODULE_AUTHOR("Mythili Prabhu"); MODULE_LICENSE("GPL"); |