// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
  /*
   * Basic worker thread pool for io_uring
   *
   * Copyright (C) 2019 Jens Axboe
   *
   */
  #include <linux/kernel.h>
  #include <linux/init.h>
  #include <linux/errno.h>
  #include <linux/sched/signal.h>
  #include <linux/mm.h>

  #include <linux/sched/mm.h>
  #include <linux/percpu.h>
  #include <linux/slab.h>
  #include <linux/kthread.h>
  #include <linux/rculist_nulls.h>

  #include <linux/fs_struct.h>

  #include <linux/task_work.h>

  #include <linux/blk-cgroup.h>

  
  #include "io-wq.h"
  
  #define WORKER_IDLE_TIMEOUT	(5 * HZ)
  
  enum {
  	IO_WORKER_F_UP		= 1,	/* up and active */
  	IO_WORKER_F_RUNNING	= 2,	/* account as running */
  	IO_WORKER_F_FREE	= 4,	/* worker on free list */

  	IO_WORKER_F_FIXED	= 8,	/* static idle worker */
  	IO_WORKER_F_BOUND	= 16,	/* is doing bounded work */

  };
  
  enum {
  	IO_WQ_BIT_EXIT		= 0,	/* wq exiting */
  	IO_WQ_BIT_CANCEL	= 1,	/* cancel work on list */

  	IO_WQ_BIT_ERROR		= 2,	/* error on setup */

  };
  
  enum {
  	IO_WQE_FLAG_STALLED	= 1,	/* stalled on hash */
  };
  
  /*
   * One for each thread in a wqe pool
   */
  struct io_worker {
  	refcount_t ref;
  	unsigned flags;
  	struct hlist_nulls_node nulls_node;

  	struct list_head all_list;

  	struct task_struct *task;

  	struct io_wqe *wqe;

  	struct io_wq_work *cur_work;

  	spinlock_t lock;

  
  	struct rcu_head rcu;
  	struct mm_struct *mm;

  #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_CGROUP
  	struct cgroup_subsys_state *blkcg_css;
  #endif

  	const struct cred *cur_creds;
  	const struct cred *saved_creds;

  	struct files_struct *restore_files;

  	struct nsproxy *restore_nsproxy;

  	struct fs_struct *restore_fs;

  };

  #if BITS_PER_LONG == 64
  #define IO_WQ_HASH_ORDER	6
  #else
  #define IO_WQ_HASH_ORDER	5
  #endif

  #define IO_WQ_NR_HASH_BUCKETS	(1u << IO_WQ_HASH_ORDER)

  struct io_wqe_acct {
  	unsigned nr_workers;
  	unsigned max_workers;
  	atomic_t nr_running;
  };
  
  enum {
  	IO_WQ_ACCT_BOUND,
  	IO_WQ_ACCT_UNBOUND,
  };

  /*
   * Per-node worker thread pool
   */
  struct io_wqe {
  	struct {

  		raw_spinlock_t lock;

  		struct io_wq_work_list work_list;

  		unsigned long hash_map;
  		unsigned flags;
  	} ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp;
  
  	int node;

  	struct io_wqe_acct acct[2];

  	struct hlist_nulls_head free_list;

  	struct list_head all_list;

  
  	struct io_wq *wq;

  	struct io_wq_work *hash_tail[IO_WQ_NR_HASH_BUCKETS];

  };
  
  /*
   * Per io_wq state
    */
  struct io_wq {
  	struct io_wqe **wqes;
  	unsigned long state;

  	free_work_fn *free_work;

  	io_wq_work_fn *do_work;

  	struct task_struct *manager;

  	struct user_struct *user;

  	refcount_t refs;
  	struct completion done;

  
  	refcount_t use_refs;

  };

  static bool io_worker_get(struct io_worker *worker)
  {
  	return refcount_inc_not_zero(&worker->ref);
  }
  
  static void io_worker_release(struct io_worker *worker)
  {
  	if (refcount_dec_and_test(&worker->ref))
  		wake_up_process(worker->task);
  }
  
  /*
   * Note: drops the wqe->lock if returning true! The caller must re-acquire
   * the lock in that case. Some callers need to restart handling if this
   * happens, so we can't just re-acquire the lock on behalf of the caller.
   */
  static bool __io_worker_unuse(struct io_wqe *wqe, struct io_worker *worker)
  {

  	bool dropped_lock = false;

  	if (worker->saved_creds) {
  		revert_creds(worker->saved_creds);
  		worker->cur_creds = worker->saved_creds = NULL;

  	}

  	if (current->files != worker->restore_files) {
  		__acquire(&wqe->lock);

  		raw_spin_unlock_irq(&wqe->lock);

  		dropped_lock = true;
  
  		task_lock(current);
  		current->files = worker->restore_files;

  		current->nsproxy = worker->restore_nsproxy;

  		task_unlock(current);
  	}

  	if (current->fs != worker->restore_fs)
  		current->fs = worker->restore_fs;

  	/*
  	 * If we have an active mm, we need to drop the wq lock before unusing
  	 * it. If we do, return true and let the caller retry the idle loop.
  	 */
  	if (worker->mm) {

  		if (!dropped_lock) {
  			__acquire(&wqe->lock);

  			raw_spin_unlock_irq(&wqe->lock);

  			dropped_lock = true;
  		}

  		__set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);

  		kthread_unuse_mm(worker->mm);

  		mmput(worker->mm);
  		worker->mm = NULL;

  	}

  #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_CGROUP
  	if (worker->blkcg_css) {
  		kthread_associate_blkcg(NULL);
  		worker->blkcg_css = NULL;
  	}
  #endif

  	return dropped_lock;

  }

  static inline struct io_wqe_acct *io_work_get_acct(struct io_wqe *wqe,
  						   struct io_wq_work *work)
  {
  	if (work->flags & IO_WQ_WORK_UNBOUND)
  		return &wqe->acct[IO_WQ_ACCT_UNBOUND];
  
  	return &wqe->acct[IO_WQ_ACCT_BOUND];
  }
  
  static inline struct io_wqe_acct *io_wqe_get_acct(struct io_wqe *wqe,
  						  struct io_worker *worker)
  {
  	if (worker->flags & IO_WORKER_F_BOUND)
  		return &wqe->acct[IO_WQ_ACCT_BOUND];
  
  	return &wqe->acct[IO_WQ_ACCT_UNBOUND];
  }

  static void io_worker_exit(struct io_worker *worker)
  {
  	struct io_wqe *wqe = worker->wqe;

  	struct io_wqe_acct *acct = io_wqe_get_acct(wqe, worker);

  
  	/*
  	 * If we're not at zero, someone else is holding a brief reference
  	 * to the worker. Wait for that to go away.
  	 */
  	set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
  	if (!refcount_dec_and_test(&worker->ref))
  		schedule();
  	__set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
  
  	preempt_disable();
  	current->flags &= ~PF_IO_WORKER;
  	if (worker->flags & IO_WORKER_F_RUNNING)

  		atomic_dec(&acct->nr_running);
  	if (!(worker->flags & IO_WORKER_F_BOUND))
  		atomic_dec(&wqe->wq->user->processes);

  	worker->flags = 0;
  	preempt_enable();

  	raw_spin_lock_irq(&wqe->lock);

  	hlist_nulls_del_rcu(&worker->nulls_node);

  	list_del_rcu(&worker->all_list);

  	if (__io_worker_unuse(wqe, worker)) {
  		__release(&wqe->lock);

  		raw_spin_lock_irq(&wqe->lock);

  	}

  	acct->nr_workers--;

  	raw_spin_unlock_irq(&wqe->lock);

  	kfree_rcu(worker, rcu);

  	if (refcount_dec_and_test(&wqe->wq->refs))
  		complete(&wqe->wq->done);

  }

  static inline bool io_wqe_run_queue(struct io_wqe *wqe)
  	__must_hold(wqe->lock)
  {

  	if (!wq_list_empty(&wqe->work_list) &&
  	    !(wqe->flags & IO_WQE_FLAG_STALLED))

  		return true;
  	return false;
  }
  
  /*
   * Check head of free list for an available worker. If one isn't available,
   * caller must wake up the wq manager to create one.
   */
  static bool io_wqe_activate_free_worker(struct io_wqe *wqe)
  	__must_hold(RCU)
  {
  	struct hlist_nulls_node *n;
  	struct io_worker *worker;

  	n = rcu_dereference(hlist_nulls_first_rcu(&wqe->free_list));

  	if (is_a_nulls(n))
  		return false;
  
  	worker = hlist_nulls_entry(n, struct io_worker, nulls_node);
  	if (io_worker_get(worker)) {

  		wake_up_process(worker->task);

  		io_worker_release(worker);
  		return true;
  	}
  
  	return false;
  }
  
  /*
   * We need a worker. If we find a free one, we're good. If not, and we're
   * below the max number of workers, wake up the manager to create one.
   */
  static void io_wqe_wake_worker(struct io_wqe *wqe, struct io_wqe_acct *acct)
  {
  	bool ret;
  
  	/*
  	 * Most likely an attempt to queue unbounded work on an io_wq that
  	 * wasn't setup with any unbounded workers.
  	 */
  	WARN_ON_ONCE(!acct->max_workers);
  
  	rcu_read_lock();
  	ret = io_wqe_activate_free_worker(wqe);
  	rcu_read_unlock();
  
  	if (!ret && acct->nr_workers < acct->max_workers)
  		wake_up_process(wqe->wq->manager);
  }
  
  static void io_wqe_inc_running(struct io_wqe *wqe, struct io_worker *worker)
  {
  	struct io_wqe_acct *acct = io_wqe_get_acct(wqe, worker);
  
  	atomic_inc(&acct->nr_running);
  }
  
  static void io_wqe_dec_running(struct io_wqe *wqe, struct io_worker *worker)
  	__must_hold(wqe->lock)
  {
  	struct io_wqe_acct *acct = io_wqe_get_acct(wqe, worker);
  
  	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&acct->nr_running) && io_wqe_run_queue(wqe))
  		io_wqe_wake_worker(wqe, acct);
  }

  static void io_worker_start(struct io_wqe *wqe, struct io_worker *worker)
  {
  	allow_kernel_signal(SIGINT);
  
  	current->flags |= PF_IO_WORKER;
  
  	worker->flags |= (IO_WORKER_F_UP | IO_WORKER_F_RUNNING);

  	worker->restore_files = current->files;

  	worker->restore_nsproxy = current->nsproxy;

  	worker->restore_fs = current->fs;

  	io_wqe_inc_running(wqe, worker);

  }
  
  /*
   * Worker will start processing some work. Move it to the busy list, if
   * it's currently on the freelist
   */
  static void __io_worker_busy(struct io_wqe *wqe, struct io_worker *worker,
  			     struct io_wq_work *work)
  	__must_hold(wqe->lock)
  {

  	bool worker_bound, work_bound;

  	if (worker->flags & IO_WORKER_F_FREE) {
  		worker->flags &= ~IO_WORKER_F_FREE;
  		hlist_nulls_del_init_rcu(&worker->nulls_node);

  	}

  
  	/*
  	 * If worker is moving from bound to unbound (or vice versa), then
  	 * ensure we update the running accounting.
  	 */

  	worker_bound = (worker->flags & IO_WORKER_F_BOUND) != 0;
  	work_bound = (work->flags & IO_WQ_WORK_UNBOUND) == 0;
  	if (worker_bound != work_bound) {

  		io_wqe_dec_running(wqe, worker);
  		if (work_bound) {
  			worker->flags |= IO_WORKER_F_BOUND;
  			wqe->acct[IO_WQ_ACCT_UNBOUND].nr_workers--;
  			wqe->acct[IO_WQ_ACCT_BOUND].nr_workers++;
  			atomic_dec(&wqe->wq->user->processes);
  		} else {
  			worker->flags &= ~IO_WORKER_F_BOUND;
  			wqe->acct[IO_WQ_ACCT_UNBOUND].nr_workers++;
  			wqe->acct[IO_WQ_ACCT_BOUND].nr_workers--;
  			atomic_inc(&wqe->wq->user->processes);
  		}
  		io_wqe_inc_running(wqe, worker);
  	 }

  }
  
  /*
   * No work, worker going to sleep. Move to freelist, and unuse mm if we
   * have one attached. Dropping the mm may potentially sleep, so we drop
   * the lock in that case and return success. Since the caller has to
   * retry the loop in that case (we changed task state), we don't regrab
   * the lock if we return success.
   */
  static bool __io_worker_idle(struct io_wqe *wqe, struct io_worker *worker)
  	__must_hold(wqe->lock)
  {
  	if (!(worker->flags & IO_WORKER_F_FREE)) {
  		worker->flags |= IO_WORKER_F_FREE;

  		hlist_nulls_add_head_rcu(&worker->nulls_node, &wqe->free_list);

  	}
  
  	return __io_worker_unuse(wqe, worker);
  }

  static inline unsigned int io_get_work_hash(struct io_wq_work *work)
  {
  	return work->flags >> IO_WQ_HASH_SHIFT;
  }
  
  static struct io_wq_work *io_get_next_work(struct io_wqe *wqe)

  	__must_hold(wqe->lock)
  {

  	struct io_wq_work_node *node, *prev;

  	struct io_wq_work *work, *tail;

  	unsigned int hash;

  	wq_list_for_each(node, prev, &wqe->work_list) {
  		work = container_of(node, struct io_wq_work, list);

  		/* not hashed, can run anytime */

  		if (!io_wq_is_hashed(work)) {

  			wq_list_del(&wqe->work_list, node, prev);

  			return work;
  		}
  
  		/* hashed, can run if not already running */

  		hash = io_get_work_hash(work);
  		if (!(wqe->hash_map & BIT(hash))) {
  			wqe->hash_map |= BIT(hash);

  			/* all items with this hash lie in [work, tail] */
  			tail = wqe->hash_tail[hash];
  			wqe->hash_tail[hash] = NULL;
  			wq_list_cut(&wqe->work_list, &tail->list, prev);

  			return work;
  		}
  	}
  
  	return NULL;
  }

  static void io_wq_switch_mm(struct io_worker *worker, struct io_wq_work *work)
  {
  	if (worker->mm) {

  		kthread_unuse_mm(worker->mm);

  		mmput(worker->mm);
  		worker->mm = NULL;
  	}

  	if (!work->mm)

  		return;

  	if (mmget_not_zero(work->mm)) {

  		kthread_use_mm(work->mm);

  		worker->mm = work->mm;
  		/* hang on to this mm */
  		work->mm = NULL;
  		return;
  	}
  
  	/* failed grabbing mm, ensure work gets cancelled */
  	work->flags |= IO_WQ_WORK_CANCEL;
  }

  static inline void io_wq_switch_blkcg(struct io_worker *worker,
  				      struct io_wq_work *work)
  {
  #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_CGROUP
  	if (work->blkcg_css != worker->blkcg_css) {
  		kthread_associate_blkcg(work->blkcg_css);
  		worker->blkcg_css = work->blkcg_css;
  	}
  #endif
  }

  static void io_wq_switch_creds(struct io_worker *worker,
  			       struct io_wq_work *work)
  {
  	const struct cred *old_creds = override_creds(work->creds);
  
  	worker->cur_creds = work->creds;
  	if (worker->saved_creds)
  		put_cred(old_creds); /* creds set by previous switch */
  	else
  		worker->saved_creds = old_creds;
  }

  static void io_impersonate_work(struct io_worker *worker,
  				struct io_wq_work *work)
  {
  	if (work->files && current->files != work->files) {
  		task_lock(current);
  		current->files = work->files;

  		current->nsproxy = work->nsproxy;

  		task_unlock(current);
  	}
  	if (work->fs && current->fs != work->fs)
  		current->fs = work->fs;
  	if (work->mm != worker->mm)
  		io_wq_switch_mm(worker, work);
  	if (worker->cur_creds != work->creds)
  		io_wq_switch_creds(worker, work);

  	current->signal->rlim[RLIMIT_FSIZE].rlim_cur = work->fsize;

  	io_wq_switch_blkcg(worker, work);

  }
  
  static void io_assign_current_work(struct io_worker *worker,
  				   struct io_wq_work *work)
  {

  	if (work) {
  		/* flush pending signals before assigning new work */
  		if (signal_pending(current))
  			flush_signals(current);
  		cond_resched();
  	}

  
  	spin_lock_irq(&worker->lock);
  	worker->cur_work = work;
  	spin_unlock_irq(&worker->lock);
  }

  static void io_wqe_enqueue(struct io_wqe *wqe, struct io_wq_work *work);

  static void io_worker_handle_work(struct io_worker *worker)
  	__releases(wqe->lock)
  {

  	struct io_wqe *wqe = worker->wqe;
  	struct io_wq *wq = wqe->wq;
  
  	do {

  		struct io_wq_work *work;

  get_next:

  		/*

  		 * If we got some work, mark us as busy. If we didn't, but
  		 * the list isn't empty, it means we stalled on hashed work.
  		 * Mark us stalled so we don't keep looking for work when we
  		 * can't make progress, any work completion or insertion will
  		 * clear the stalled flag.
  		 */

  		work = io_get_next_work(wqe);

  		if (work)
  			__io_worker_busy(wqe, worker, work);

  		else if (!wq_list_empty(&wqe->work_list))

  			wqe->flags |= IO_WQE_FLAG_STALLED;

  		raw_spin_unlock_irq(&wqe->lock);

  		if (!work)
  			break;

  		io_assign_current_work(worker, work);

  		/* handle a whole dependent link */
  		do {

  			struct io_wq_work *old_work, *next_hashed, *linked;

  			unsigned int hash = io_get_work_hash(work);

  			next_hashed = wq_next_work(work);

  			io_impersonate_work(worker, work);

  			/*
  			 * OK to set IO_WQ_WORK_CANCEL even for uncancellable
  			 * work, the worker function will do the right thing.
  			 */
  			if (test_bit(IO_WQ_BIT_CANCEL, &wq->state))
  				work->flags |= IO_WQ_WORK_CANCEL;

  			old_work = work;
  			linked = wq->do_work(work);

  
  			work = next_hashed;
  			if (!work && linked && !io_wq_is_hashed(linked)) {
  				work = linked;
  				linked = NULL;
  			}
  			io_assign_current_work(worker, work);

  			wq->free_work(old_work);

  			if (linked)
  				io_wqe_enqueue(wqe, linked);
  
  			if (hash != -1U && !next_hashed) {

  				raw_spin_lock_irq(&wqe->lock);

  				wqe->hash_map &= ~BIT_ULL(hash);
  				wqe->flags &= ~IO_WQE_FLAG_STALLED;

  				/* skip unnecessary unlock-lock wqe->lock */
  				if (!work)
  					goto get_next;

  				raw_spin_unlock_irq(&wqe->lock);

  			}

  		} while (work);

  		raw_spin_lock_irq(&wqe->lock);

  	} while (1);
  }

  static int io_wqe_worker(void *data)
  {
  	struct io_worker *worker = data;
  	struct io_wqe *wqe = worker->wqe;
  	struct io_wq *wq = wqe->wq;

  
  	io_worker_start(wqe, worker);
  
  	while (!test_bit(IO_WQ_BIT_EXIT, &wq->state)) {

  		set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);

  loop:

  		raw_spin_lock_irq(&wqe->lock);

  		if (io_wqe_run_queue(wqe)) {
  			__set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
  			io_worker_handle_work(worker);

  			goto loop;

  		}
  		/* drops the lock on success, retry */
  		if (__io_worker_idle(wqe, worker)) {
  			__release(&wqe->lock);

  			goto loop;

  		}

  		raw_spin_unlock_irq(&wqe->lock);

  		if (signal_pending(current))
  			flush_signals(current);
  		if (schedule_timeout(WORKER_IDLE_TIMEOUT))
  			continue;
  		/* timed out, exit unless we're the fixed worker */
  		if (test_bit(IO_WQ_BIT_EXIT, &wq->state) ||
  		    !(worker->flags & IO_WORKER_F_FIXED))
  			break;
  	}

  	if (test_bit(IO_WQ_BIT_EXIT, &wq->state)) {

  		raw_spin_lock_irq(&wqe->lock);

  		if (!wq_list_empty(&wqe->work_list))

  			io_worker_handle_work(worker);
  		else

  			raw_spin_unlock_irq(&wqe->lock);

  	}
  
  	io_worker_exit(worker);
  	return 0;
  }
  
  /*

   * Called when a worker is scheduled in. Mark us as currently running.
   */
  void io_wq_worker_running(struct task_struct *tsk)
  {
  	struct io_worker *worker = kthread_data(tsk);
  	struct io_wqe *wqe = worker->wqe;
  
  	if (!(worker->flags & IO_WORKER_F_UP))
  		return;
  	if (worker->flags & IO_WORKER_F_RUNNING)
  		return;
  	worker->flags |= IO_WORKER_F_RUNNING;

  	io_wqe_inc_running(wqe, worker);

  }
  
  /*
   * Called when worker is going to sleep. If there are no workers currently
   * running and we have work pending, wake up a free one or have the manager
   * set one up.
   */
  void io_wq_worker_sleeping(struct task_struct *tsk)
  {
  	struct io_worker *worker = kthread_data(tsk);
  	struct io_wqe *wqe = worker->wqe;
  
  	if (!(worker->flags & IO_WORKER_F_UP))
  		return;
  	if (!(worker->flags & IO_WORKER_F_RUNNING))
  		return;
  
  	worker->flags &= ~IO_WORKER_F_RUNNING;

  	raw_spin_lock_irq(&wqe->lock);

  	io_wqe_dec_running(wqe, worker);

  	raw_spin_unlock_irq(&wqe->lock);

  }

  static bool create_io_worker(struct io_wq *wq, struct io_wqe *wqe, int index)

  {

  	struct io_wqe_acct *acct = &wqe->acct[index];

  	struct io_worker *worker;

  	worker = kzalloc_node(sizeof(*worker), GFP_KERNEL, wqe->node);

  	if (!worker)

  		return false;

  
  	refcount_set(&worker->ref, 1);
  	worker->nulls_node.pprev = NULL;

  	worker->wqe = wqe;

  	spin_lock_init(&worker->lock);

  
  	worker->task = kthread_create_on_node(io_wqe_worker, worker, wqe->node,

  				"io_wqe_worker-%d/%d", index, wqe->node);

  	if (IS_ERR(worker->task)) {
  		kfree(worker);

  		return false;

  	}

  	raw_spin_lock_irq(&wqe->lock);

  	hlist_nulls_add_head_rcu(&worker->nulls_node, &wqe->free_list);

  	list_add_tail_rcu(&worker->all_list, &wqe->all_list);

  	worker->flags |= IO_WORKER_F_FREE;

  	if (index == IO_WQ_ACCT_BOUND)
  		worker->flags |= IO_WORKER_F_BOUND;
  	if (!acct->nr_workers && (worker->flags & IO_WORKER_F_BOUND))

  		worker->flags |= IO_WORKER_F_FIXED;

  	acct->nr_workers++;

  	raw_spin_unlock_irq(&wqe->lock);

  	if (index == IO_WQ_ACCT_UNBOUND)
  		atomic_inc(&wq->user->processes);

  	refcount_inc(&wq->refs);

  	wake_up_process(worker->task);

  	return true;

  }

  static inline bool io_wqe_need_worker(struct io_wqe *wqe, int index)

  	__must_hold(wqe->lock)
  {

  	struct io_wqe_acct *acct = &wqe->acct[index];

  	/* if we have available workers or no work, no need */

  	if (!hlist_nulls_empty(&wqe->free_list) || !io_wqe_run_queue(wqe))

  		return false;
  	return acct->nr_workers < acct->max_workers;

  }

  static bool io_wqe_worker_send_sig(struct io_worker *worker, void *data)
  {
  	send_sig(SIGINT, worker->task, 1);
  	return false;
  }
  
  /*
   * Iterate the passed in list and call the specific function for each
   * worker that isn't exiting
   */
  static bool io_wq_for_each_worker(struct io_wqe *wqe,
  				  bool (*func)(struct io_worker *, void *),
  				  void *data)
  {
  	struct io_worker *worker;
  	bool ret = false;
  
  	list_for_each_entry_rcu(worker, &wqe->all_list, all_list) {
  		if (io_worker_get(worker)) {
  			/* no task if node is/was offline */
  			if (worker->task)
  				ret = func(worker, data);
  			io_worker_release(worker);
  			if (ret)
  				break;
  		}
  	}
  
  	return ret;
  }
  
  static bool io_wq_worker_wake(struct io_worker *worker, void *data)
  {
  	wake_up_process(worker->task);
  	return false;
  }

  /*
   * Manager thread. Tasked with creating new workers, if we need them.
   */
  static int io_wq_manager(void *data)
  {
  	struct io_wq *wq = data;

  	int node;

  	/* create fixed workers */

  	refcount_set(&wq->refs, 1);

  	for_each_node(node) {

  		if (!node_online(node))
  			continue;

  		if (create_io_worker(wq, wq->wqes[node], IO_WQ_ACCT_BOUND))
  			continue;
  		set_bit(IO_WQ_BIT_ERROR, &wq->state);
  		set_bit(IO_WQ_BIT_EXIT, &wq->state);
  		goto out;

  	}

  	complete(&wq->done);
  
  	while (!kthread_should_stop()) {

  		if (current->task_works)
  			task_work_run();

  		for_each_node(node) {
  			struct io_wqe *wqe = wq->wqes[node];

  			bool fork_worker[2] = { false, false };

  			if (!node_online(node))
  				continue;

  			raw_spin_lock_irq(&wqe->lock);

  			if (io_wqe_need_worker(wqe, IO_WQ_ACCT_BOUND))
  				fork_worker[IO_WQ_ACCT_BOUND] = true;
  			if (io_wqe_need_worker(wqe, IO_WQ_ACCT_UNBOUND))
  				fork_worker[IO_WQ_ACCT_UNBOUND] = true;

  			raw_spin_unlock_irq(&wqe->lock);

  			if (fork_worker[IO_WQ_ACCT_BOUND])
  				create_io_worker(wq, wqe, IO_WQ_ACCT_BOUND);
  			if (fork_worker[IO_WQ_ACCT_UNBOUND])
  				create_io_worker(wq, wqe, IO_WQ_ACCT_UNBOUND);

  		}
  		set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
  		schedule_timeout(HZ);
  	}

  	if (current->task_works)
  		task_work_run();

  out:
  	if (refcount_dec_and_test(&wq->refs)) {

  		complete(&wq->done);

  		return 0;
  	}
  	/* if ERROR is set and we get here, we have workers to wake */
  	if (test_bit(IO_WQ_BIT_ERROR, &wq->state)) {
  		rcu_read_lock();
  		for_each_node(node)
  			io_wq_for_each_worker(wq->wqes[node], io_wq_worker_wake, NULL);
  		rcu_read_unlock();
  	}

  	return 0;

  }

  static bool io_wq_can_queue(struct io_wqe *wqe, struct io_wqe_acct *acct,
  			    struct io_wq_work *work)
  {
  	bool free_worker;
  
  	if (!(work->flags & IO_WQ_WORK_UNBOUND))
  		return true;
  	if (atomic_read(&acct->nr_running))
  		return true;
  
  	rcu_read_lock();

  	free_worker = !hlist_nulls_empty(&wqe->free_list);

  	rcu_read_unlock();
  	if (free_worker)
  		return true;
  
  	if (atomic_read(&wqe->wq->user->processes) >= acct->max_workers &&
  	    !(capable(CAP_SYS_RESOURCE) || capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN)))
  		return false;
  
  	return true;
  }

  static void io_run_cancel(struct io_wq_work *work, struct io_wqe *wqe)

  {

  	struct io_wq *wq = wqe->wq;

  	do {
  		struct io_wq_work *old_work = work;
  
  		work->flags |= IO_WQ_WORK_CANCEL;

  		work = wq->do_work(work);

  		wq->free_work(old_work);

  	} while (work);
  }

  static void io_wqe_insert_work(struct io_wqe *wqe, struct io_wq_work *work)
  {
  	unsigned int hash;
  	struct io_wq_work *tail;
  
  	if (!io_wq_is_hashed(work)) {
  append:
  		wq_list_add_tail(&work->list, &wqe->work_list);
  		return;
  	}
  
  	hash = io_get_work_hash(work);
  	tail = wqe->hash_tail[hash];
  	wqe->hash_tail[hash] = work;
  	if (!tail)
  		goto append;
  
  	wq_list_add_after(&work->list, &tail->list, &wqe->work_list);
  }

  static void io_wqe_enqueue(struct io_wqe *wqe, struct io_wq_work *work)
  {

  	struct io_wqe_acct *acct = io_work_get_acct(wqe, work);

  	int work_flags;

  	unsigned long flags;

  	/*
  	 * Do early check to see if we need a new unbound worker, and if we do,
  	 * if we're allowed to do so. This isn't 100% accurate as there's a
  	 * gap between this check and incrementing the value, but that's OK.
  	 * It's close enough to not be an issue, fork() has the same delay.
  	 */
  	if (unlikely(!io_wq_can_queue(wqe, acct, work))) {

  		io_run_cancel(work, wqe);

  		return;
  	}

  	work_flags = work->flags;

  	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&wqe->lock, flags);

  	io_wqe_insert_work(wqe, work);

  	wqe->flags &= ~IO_WQE_FLAG_STALLED;

  	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&wqe->lock, flags);

  	if ((work_flags & IO_WQ_WORK_CONCURRENT) ||
  	    !atomic_read(&acct->nr_running))

  		io_wqe_wake_worker(wqe, acct);

  }
  
  void io_wq_enqueue(struct io_wq *wq, struct io_wq_work *work)
  {
  	struct io_wqe *wqe = wq->wqes[numa_node_id()];
  
  	io_wqe_enqueue(wqe, work);
  }
  
  /*

   * Work items that hash to the same value will not be done in parallel.
   * Used to limit concurrent writes, generally hashed by inode.

   */

  void io_wq_hash_work(struct io_wq_work *work, void *val)

  {

  	unsigned int bit;

  
  	bit = hash_ptr(val, IO_WQ_HASH_ORDER);
  	work->flags |= (IO_WQ_WORK_HASHED | (bit << IO_WQ_HASH_SHIFT));

  }

  void io_wq_cancel_all(struct io_wq *wq)
  {

  	int node;

  
  	set_bit(IO_WQ_BIT_CANCEL, &wq->state);

  	rcu_read_lock();

  	for_each_node(node) {
  		struct io_wqe *wqe = wq->wqes[node];

  		io_wq_for_each_worker(wqe, io_wqe_worker_send_sig, NULL);

  	}
  	rcu_read_unlock();
  }

  struct io_cb_cancel_data {

  	work_cancel_fn *fn;
  	void *data;

  	int nr_running;
  	int nr_pending;
  	bool cancel_all;

  };

  static bool io_wq_worker_cancel(struct io_worker *worker, void *data)

  {

  	struct io_cb_cancel_data *match = data;

  	unsigned long flags;

  
  	/*
  	 * Hold the lock to avoid ->cur_work going out of scope, caller

  	 * may dereference the passed in work.

  	 */

  	spin_lock_irqsave(&worker->lock, flags);

  	if (worker->cur_work &&

  	    !(worker->cur_work->flags & IO_WQ_WORK_NO_CANCEL) &&

  	    match->fn(worker->cur_work, match->data)) {

  		send_sig(SIGINT, worker->task, 1);

  		match->nr_running++;

  	}

  	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&worker->lock, flags);

  	return match->nr_running && !match->cancel_all;

  }

  static inline void io_wqe_remove_pending(struct io_wqe *wqe,
  					 struct io_wq_work *work,
  					 struct io_wq_work_node *prev)
  {
  	unsigned int hash = io_get_work_hash(work);
  	struct io_wq_work *prev_work = NULL;
  
  	if (io_wq_is_hashed(work) && work == wqe->hash_tail[hash]) {
  		if (prev)
  			prev_work = container_of(prev, struct io_wq_work, list);
  		if (prev_work && io_get_work_hash(prev_work) == hash)
  			wqe->hash_tail[hash] = prev_work;
  		else
  			wqe->hash_tail[hash] = NULL;
  	}
  	wq_list_del(&wqe->work_list, &work->list, prev);
  }

  static void io_wqe_cancel_pending_work(struct io_wqe *wqe,

  				       struct io_cb_cancel_data *match)

  {

  	struct io_wq_work_node *node, *prev;

  	struct io_wq_work *work;

  	unsigned long flags;

  retry:

  	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&wqe->lock, flags);

  	wq_list_for_each(node, prev, &wqe->work_list) {
  		work = container_of(node, struct io_wq_work, list);

  		if (!match->fn(work, match->data))
  			continue;

  		io_wqe_remove_pending(wqe, work, prev);

  		raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&wqe->lock, flags);

  		io_run_cancel(work, wqe);
  		match->nr_pending++;
  		if (!match->cancel_all)
  			return;
  
  		/* not safe to continue after unlock */
  		goto retry;

  	}

  	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&wqe->lock, flags);

  }

  static void io_wqe_cancel_running_work(struct io_wqe *wqe,

  				       struct io_cb_cancel_data *match)
  {

  	rcu_read_lock();

  	io_wq_for_each_worker(wqe, io_wq_worker_cancel, match);

  	rcu_read_unlock();

  }

  enum io_wq_cancel io_wq_cancel_cb(struct io_wq *wq, work_cancel_fn *cancel,

  				  void *data, bool cancel_all)

  {

  	struct io_cb_cancel_data match = {

  		.fn		= cancel,
  		.data		= data,
  		.cancel_all	= cancel_all,

  	};

  	int node;

  	/*
  	 * First check pending list, if we're lucky we can just remove it
  	 * from there. CANCEL_OK means that the work is returned as-new,
  	 * no completion will be posted for it.
  	 */

  	for_each_node(node) {
  		struct io_wqe *wqe = wq->wqes[node];

  		io_wqe_cancel_pending_work(wqe, &match);
  		if (match.nr_pending && !match.cancel_all)

  			return IO_WQ_CANCEL_OK;

  	}

  	/*
  	 * Now check if a free (going busy) or busy worker has the work
  	 * currently running. If we find it there, we'll return CANCEL_RUNNING
  	 * as an indication that we attempt to signal cancellation. The
  	 * completion will run normally in this case.
  	 */
  	for_each_node(node) {
  		struct io_wqe *wqe = wq->wqes[node];

  		io_wqe_cancel_running_work(wqe, &match);
  		if (match.nr_running && !match.cancel_all)

  			return IO_WQ_CANCEL_RUNNING;
  	}

  	if (match.nr_running)
  		return IO_WQ_CANCEL_RUNNING;
  	if (match.nr_pending)
  		return IO_WQ_CANCEL_OK;

  	return IO_WQ_CANCEL_NOTFOUND;

  }

  static bool io_wq_io_cb_cancel_data(struct io_wq_work *work, void *data)
  {
  	return work == data;
  }
  
  enum io_wq_cancel io_wq_cancel_work(struct io_wq *wq, struct io_wq_work *cwork)
  {

  	return io_wq_cancel_cb(wq, io_wq_io_cb_cancel_data, (void *)cwork, false);

  }

  struct io_wq *io_wq_create(unsigned bounded, struct io_wq_data *data)

  {

  	int ret = -ENOMEM, node;

  	struct io_wq *wq;

  	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!data->free_work || !data->do_work))

  		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);

  	wq = kzalloc(sizeof(*wq), GFP_KERNEL);

  	if (!wq)
  		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);

  	wq->wqes = kcalloc(nr_node_ids, sizeof(struct io_wqe *), GFP_KERNEL);

  	if (!wq->wqes) {
  		kfree(wq);
  		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
  	}

  	wq->free_work = data->free_work;

  	wq->do_work = data->do_work;

  	/* caller must already hold a reference to this */

  	wq->user = data->user;

  	for_each_node(node) {

  		struct io_wqe *wqe;

  		int alloc_node = node;

  		if (!node_online(alloc_node))
  			alloc_node = NUMA_NO_NODE;
  		wqe = kzalloc_node(sizeof(struct io_wqe), GFP_KERNEL, alloc_node);

  		if (!wqe)

  			goto err;
  		wq->wqes[node] = wqe;

  		wqe->node = alloc_node;

  		wqe->acct[IO_WQ_ACCT_BOUND].max_workers = bounded;
  		atomic_set(&wqe->acct[IO_WQ_ACCT_BOUND].nr_running, 0);

  		if (wq->user) {

  			wqe->acct[IO_WQ_ACCT_UNBOUND].max_workers =
  					task_rlimit(current, RLIMIT_NPROC);
  		}
  		atomic_set(&wqe->acct[IO_WQ_ACCT_UNBOUND].nr_running, 0);

  		wqe->wq = wq;

  		raw_spin_lock_init(&wqe->lock);

  		INIT_WQ_LIST(&wqe->work_list);

  		INIT_HLIST_NULLS_HEAD(&wqe->free_list, 0);

  		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&wqe->all_list);

  	}
  
  	init_completion(&wq->done);

  	wq->manager = kthread_create(io_wq_manager, wq, "io_wq_manager");
  	if (!IS_ERR(wq->manager)) {
  		wake_up_process(wq->manager);

  		wait_for_completion(&wq->done);
  		if (test_bit(IO_WQ_BIT_ERROR, &wq->state)) {
  			ret = -ENOMEM;
  			goto err;
  		}

  		refcount_set(&wq->use_refs, 1);

  		reinit_completion(&wq->done);

  		return wq;
  	}
  
  	ret = PTR_ERR(wq->manager);

  	complete(&wq->done);

  err:

  	for_each_node(node)
  		kfree(wq->wqes[node]);

  	kfree(wq->wqes);
  	kfree(wq);

  	return ERR_PTR(ret);
  }

  bool io_wq_get(struct io_wq *wq, struct io_wq_data *data)
  {

  	if (data->free_work != wq->free_work || data->do_work != wq->do_work)

  		return false;
  
  	return refcount_inc_not_zero(&wq->use_refs);
  }

  static void __io_wq_destroy(struct io_wq *wq)

  {

  	int node;

  	set_bit(IO_WQ_BIT_EXIT, &wq->state);
  	if (wq->manager)

  		kthread_stop(wq->manager);

  
  	rcu_read_lock();

  	for_each_node(node)
  		io_wq_for_each_worker(wq->wqes[node], io_wq_worker_wake, NULL);

  	rcu_read_unlock();
  
  	wait_for_completion(&wq->done);

  	for_each_node(node)
  		kfree(wq->wqes[node]);

  	kfree(wq->wqes);
  	kfree(wq);
  }

  
  void io_wq_destroy(struct io_wq *wq)
  {
  	if (refcount_dec_and_test(&wq->use_refs))
  		__io_wq_destroy(wq);
  }

  
  struct task_struct *io_wq_get_task(struct io_wq *wq)
  {
  	return wq->manager;
  }