/*
   * Test cases for printf facility.
   */
  
  #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
  
  #include <linux/init.h>
  #include <linux/kernel.h>
  #include <linux/module.h>
  #include <linux/printk.h>
  #include <linux/random.h>
  #include <linux/slab.h>
  #include <linux/string.h>

  #include <linux/bitmap.h>

  #include <linux/dcache.h>

  #include <linux/socket.h>
  #include <linux/in.h>

  #include <linux/gfp.h>
  #include <linux/mm.h>

  #define BUF_SIZE 256

  #define PAD_SIZE 16

  #define FILL_CHAR '$'

  static unsigned total_tests __initdata;
  static unsigned failed_tests __initdata;
  static char *test_buffer __initdata;

  static char *alloced_buffer __initdata;

  
  static int __printf(4, 0) __init
  do_test(int bufsize, const char *expect, int elen,
  	const char *fmt, va_list ap)
  {
  	va_list aq;
  	int ret, written;
  
  	total_tests++;

  	memset(alloced_buffer, FILL_CHAR, BUF_SIZE + 2*PAD_SIZE);

  	va_copy(aq, ap);
  	ret = vsnprintf(test_buffer, bufsize, fmt, aq);
  	va_end(aq);
  
  	if (ret != elen) {
  		pr_warn("vsnprintf(buf, %d, \"%s\", ...) returned %d, expected %d
  ",
  			bufsize, fmt, ret, elen);
  		return 1;
  	}

  	if (memchr_inv(alloced_buffer, FILL_CHAR, PAD_SIZE)) {
  		pr_warn("vsnprintf(buf, %d, \"%s\", ...) wrote before buffer
  ", bufsize, fmt);
  		return 1;
  	}

  	if (!bufsize) {

  		if (memchr_inv(test_buffer, FILL_CHAR, BUF_SIZE + PAD_SIZE)) {

  			pr_warn("vsnprintf(buf, 0, \"%s\", ...) wrote to buffer
  ",
  				fmt);
  			return 1;
  		}
  		return 0;
  	}
  
  	written = min(bufsize-1, elen);
  	if (test_buffer[written]) {
  		pr_warn("vsnprintf(buf, %d, \"%s\", ...) did not nul-terminate buffer
  ",
  			bufsize, fmt);
  		return 1;
  	}

  	if (memchr_inv(test_buffer + written + 1, FILL_CHAR, BUF_SIZE + PAD_SIZE - (written + 1))) {
  		pr_warn("vsnprintf(buf, %d, \"%s\", ...) wrote beyond the nul-terminator
  ",
  			bufsize, fmt);
  		return 1;
  	}

  	if (memcmp(test_buffer, expect, written)) {
  		pr_warn("vsnprintf(buf, %d, \"%s\", ...) wrote '%s', expected '%.*s'
  ",
  			bufsize, fmt, test_buffer, written, expect);
  		return 1;
  	}
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static void __printf(3, 4) __init
  __test(const char *expect, int elen, const char *fmt, ...)
  {
  	va_list ap;
  	int rand;
  	char *p;

  	if (elen >= BUF_SIZE) {
  		pr_err("error in test suite: expected output length %d too long. Format was '%s'.
  ",
  		       elen, fmt);
  		failed_tests++;
  		return;
  	}

  
  	va_start(ap, fmt);
  
  	/*
  	 * Every fmt+args is subjected to four tests: Three where we
  	 * tell vsnprintf varying buffer sizes (plenty, not quite
  	 * enough and 0), and then we also test that kvasprintf would
  	 * be able to print it as expected.
  	 */
  	failed_tests += do_test(BUF_SIZE, expect, elen, fmt, ap);
  	rand = 1 + prandom_u32_max(elen+1);
  	/* Since elen < BUF_SIZE, we have 1 <= rand <= BUF_SIZE. */
  	failed_tests += do_test(rand, expect, elen, fmt, ap);
  	failed_tests += do_test(0, expect, elen, fmt, ap);
  
  	p = kvasprintf(GFP_KERNEL, fmt, ap);
  	if (p) {

  		total_tests++;

  		if (memcmp(p, expect, elen+1)) {
  			pr_warn("kvasprintf(..., \"%s\", ...) returned '%s', expected '%s'
  ",
  				fmt, p, expect);
  			failed_tests++;
  		}
  		kfree(p);
  	}
  	va_end(ap);
  }
  
  #define test(expect, fmt, ...)					\
  	__test(expect, strlen(expect), fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
  
  static void __init
  test_basic(void)
  {
  	/* Work around annoying "warning: zero-length gnu_printf format string". */
  	char nul = '\0';
  
  	test("", &nul);
  	test("100%", "100%%");
  	test("xxx%yyy", "xxx%cyyy", '%');
  	__test("xxx\0yyy", 7, "xxx%cyyy", '\0');
  }
  
  static void __init
  test_number(void)
  {
  	test("0x1234abcd  ", "%#-12x", 0x1234abcd);
  	test("  0x1234abcd", "%#12x", 0x1234abcd);
  	test("0|001| 12|+123| 1234|-123|-1234", "%d|%03d|%3d|%+d|% d|%+d|% d", 0, 1, 12, 123, 1234, -123, -1234);

  	test("0|1|1|128|255", "%hhu|%hhu|%hhu|%hhu|%hhu", 0, 1, 257, 128, -1);
  	test("0|1|1|-128|-1", "%hhd|%hhd|%hhd|%hhd|%hhd", 0, 1, 257, 128, -1);
  	test("2015122420151225", "%ho%ho%#ho", 1037, 5282, -11627);
  	/*
  	 * POSIX/C99: »The result of converting zero with an explicit
  	 * precision of zero shall be no characters.« Hence the output
  	 * from the below test should really be "00|0||| ". However,
  	 * the kernel's printf also produces a single 0 in that
  	 * case. This test case simply documents the current
  	 * behaviour.
  	 */
  	test("00|0|0|0|0", "%.2d|%.1d|%.0d|%.*d|%1.0d", 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
  #ifndef __CHAR_UNSIGNED__
  	{
  		/*
  		 * Passing a 'char' to a %02x specifier doesn't do
  		 * what was presumably the intention when char is
  		 * signed and the value is negative. One must either &
  		 * with 0xff or cast to u8.
  		 */
  		char val = -16;
  		test("0xfffffff0|0xf0|0xf0", "%#02x|%#02x|%#02x", val, val & 0xff, (u8)val);
  	}
  #endif

  }
  
  static void __init
  test_string(void)
  {
  	test("", "%s%.0s", "", "123");
  	test("ABCD|abc|123", "%s|%.3s|%.*s", "ABCD", "abcdef", 3, "123456");
  	test("1  |  2|3  |  4|5  ", "%-3s|%3s|%-*s|%*s|%*s", "1", "2", 3, "3", 3, "4", -3, "5");

  	test("1234      ", "%-10.4s", "123456");
  	test("      1234", "%10.4s", "123456");

  	/*

  	 * POSIX and C99 say that a negative precision (which is only
  	 * possible to pass via a * argument) should be treated as if
  	 * the precision wasn't present, and that if the precision is
  	 * omitted (as in %.s), the precision should be taken to be
  	 * 0. However, the kernel's printf behave exactly opposite,
  	 * treating a negative precision as 0 and treating an omitted
  	 * precision specifier as if no precision was given.
  	 *
  	 * These test cases document the current behaviour; should
  	 * anyone ever feel the need to follow the standards more
  	 * closely, this can be revisited.

  	 */

  	test("    ", "%4.*s", -5, "123456");
  	test("123456", "%.s", "123456");

  	test("a||", "%.s|%.0s|%.*s", "a", "b", 0, "c");
  	test("a  |   |   ", "%-3.s|%-3.0s|%-3.*s", "a", "b", 0, "c");
  }

  #define PLAIN_BUF_SIZE 64	/* leave some space so we don't oops */
  
  #if BITS_PER_LONG == 64
  
  #define PTR_WIDTH 16

  #define PTR ((void *)0xffff0123456789abUL)

  #define PTR_STR "ffff0123456789ab"

  #define PTR_VAL_NO_CRNG "(____ptrval____)"

  #define ZEROS "00000000"	/* hex 32 zero bits */
  
  static int __init
  plain_format(void)
  {
  	char buf[PLAIN_BUF_SIZE];
  	int nchars;
  
  	nchars = snprintf(buf, PLAIN_BUF_SIZE, "%p", PTR);

  	if (nchars != PTR_WIDTH)
  		return -1;
  
  	if (strncmp(buf, PTR_VAL_NO_CRNG, PTR_WIDTH) == 0) {
  		pr_warn("crng possibly not yet initialized. plain 'p' buffer contains \"%s\"",
  			PTR_VAL_NO_CRNG);
  		return 0;
  	}
  
  	if (strncmp(buf, ZEROS, strlen(ZEROS)) != 0)

  		return -1;
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  #else
  
  #define PTR_WIDTH 8
  #define PTR ((void *)0x456789ab)
  #define PTR_STR "456789ab"

  #define PTR_VAL_NO_CRNG "(ptrval)"

  
  static int __init
  plain_format(void)
  {
  	/* Format is implicitly tested for 32 bit machines by plain_hash() */
  	return 0;
  }
  
  #endif	/* BITS_PER_LONG == 64 */
  
  static int __init
  plain_hash(void)
  {
  	char buf[PLAIN_BUF_SIZE];
  	int nchars;
  
  	nchars = snprintf(buf, PLAIN_BUF_SIZE, "%p", PTR);

  	if (nchars != PTR_WIDTH)
  		return -1;
  
  	if (strncmp(buf, PTR_VAL_NO_CRNG, PTR_WIDTH) == 0) {
  		pr_warn("crng possibly not yet initialized. plain 'p' buffer contains \"%s\"",
  			PTR_VAL_NO_CRNG);
  		return 0;
  	}
  
  	if (strncmp(buf, PTR_STR, PTR_WIDTH) == 0)

  		return -1;
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  /*
   * We can't use test() to test %p because we don't know what output to expect
   * after an address is hashed.
   */

  static void __init
  plain(void)
  {

  	int err;

  	err = plain_hash();
  	if (err) {
  		pr_warn("plain 'p' does not appear to be hashed
  ");
  		failed_tests++;
  		return;
  	}
  
  	err = plain_format();
  	if (err) {
  		pr_warn("hashing plain 'p' has unexpected format
  ");
  		failed_tests++;
  	}

  }
  
  static void __init
  symbol_ptr(void)
  {
  }
  
  static void __init
  kernel_ptr(void)
  {

  	/* We can't test this without access to kptr_restrict. */

  }
  
  static void __init
  struct_resource(void)
  {
  }
  
  static void __init
  addr(void)
  {
  }
  
  static void __init
  escaped_str(void)
  {
  }
  
  static void __init
  hex_string(void)
  {
  	const char buf[3] = {0xc0, 0xff, 0xee};
  
  	test("c0 ff ee|c0:ff:ee|c0-ff-ee|c0ffee",
  	     "%3ph|%3phC|%3phD|%3phN", buf, buf, buf, buf);
  	test("c0 ff ee|c0:ff:ee|c0-ff-ee|c0ffee",
  	     "%*ph|%*phC|%*phD|%*phN", 3, buf, 3, buf, 3, buf, 3, buf);
  }
  
  static void __init
  mac(void)
  {
  	const u8 addr[6] = {0x2d, 0x48, 0xd6, 0xfc, 0x7a, 0x05};
  
  	test("2d:48:d6:fc:7a:05", "%pM", addr);
  	test("05:7a:fc:d6:48:2d", "%pMR", addr);
  	test("2d-48-d6-fc-7a-05", "%pMF", addr);
  	test("2d48d6fc7a05", "%pm", addr);
  	test("057afcd6482d", "%pmR", addr);
  }
  
  static void __init
  ip4(void)
  {
  	struct sockaddr_in sa;
  
  	sa.sin_family = AF_INET;
  	sa.sin_port = cpu_to_be16(12345);
  	sa.sin_addr.s_addr = cpu_to_be32(0x7f000001);
  
  	test("127.000.000.001|127.0.0.1", "%pi4|%pI4", &sa.sin_addr, &sa.sin_addr);
  	test("127.000.000.001|127.0.0.1", "%piS|%pIS", &sa, &sa);
  	sa.sin_addr.s_addr = cpu_to_be32(0x01020304);
  	test("001.002.003.004:12345|1.2.3.4:12345", "%piSp|%pISp", &sa, &sa);
  }
  
  static void __init
  ip6(void)
  {
  }
  
  static void __init
  ip(void)
  {
  	ip4();
  	ip6();
  }
  
  static void __init
  uuid(void)
  {
  	const char uuid[16] = {0x0, 0x1, 0x2, 0x3, 0x4, 0x5, 0x6, 0x7,
  			       0x8, 0x9, 0xa, 0xb, 0xc, 0xd, 0xe, 0xf};
  
  	test("00010203-0405-0607-0809-0a0b0c0d0e0f", "%pUb", uuid);
  	test("00010203-0405-0607-0809-0A0B0C0D0E0F", "%pUB", uuid);
  	test("03020100-0504-0706-0809-0a0b0c0d0e0f", "%pUl", uuid);
  	test("03020100-0504-0706-0809-0A0B0C0D0E0F", "%pUL", uuid);
  }

  static struct dentry test_dentry[4] __initdata = {
  	{ .d_parent = &test_dentry[0],
  	  .d_name = QSTR_INIT(test_dentry[0].d_iname, 3),
  	  .d_iname = "foo" },
  	{ .d_parent = &test_dentry[0],
  	  .d_name = QSTR_INIT(test_dentry[1].d_iname, 5),
  	  .d_iname = "bravo" },
  	{ .d_parent = &test_dentry[1],
  	  .d_name = QSTR_INIT(test_dentry[2].d_iname, 4),
  	  .d_iname = "alfa" },
  	{ .d_parent = &test_dentry[2],
  	  .d_name = QSTR_INIT(test_dentry[3].d_iname, 5),
  	  .d_iname = "romeo" },
  };

  static void __init
  dentry(void)
  {

  	test("foo", "%pd", &test_dentry[0]);
  	test("foo", "%pd2", &test_dentry[0]);
  
  	test("romeo", "%pd", &test_dentry[3]);
  	test("alfa/romeo", "%pd2", &test_dentry[3]);
  	test("bravo/alfa/romeo", "%pd3", &test_dentry[3]);
  	test("/bravo/alfa/romeo", "%pd4", &test_dentry[3]);
  	test("/bravo/alfa", "%pd4", &test_dentry[2]);
  
  	test("bravo/alfa  |bravo/alfa  ", "%-12pd2|%*pd2", &test_dentry[2], -12, &test_dentry[2]);
  	test("  bravo/alfa|  bravo/alfa", "%12pd2|%*pd2", &test_dentry[2], 12, &test_dentry[2]);

  }
  
  static void __init
  struct_va_format(void)
  {
  }
  
  static void __init
  struct_clk(void)
  {
  }
  
  static void __init

  large_bitmap(void)
  {
  	const int nbits = 1 << 16;
  	unsigned long *bits = kcalloc(BITS_TO_LONGS(nbits), sizeof(long), GFP_KERNEL);
  	if (!bits)
  		return;
  
  	bitmap_set(bits, 1, 20);
  	bitmap_set(bits, 60000, 15);
  	test("1-20,60000-60014", "%*pbl", nbits, bits);
  	kfree(bits);
  }
  
  static void __init

  bitmap(void)
  {
  	DECLARE_BITMAP(bits, 20);
  	const int primes[] = {2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19};
  	int i;
  
  	bitmap_zero(bits, 20);
  	test("00000|00000", "%20pb|%*pb", bits, 20, bits);
  	test("|", "%20pbl|%*pbl", bits, 20, bits);
  
  	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(primes); ++i)
  		set_bit(primes[i], bits);
  	test("a28ac|a28ac", "%20pb|%*pb", bits, 20, bits);
  	test("2-3,5,7,11,13,17,19|2-3,5,7,11,13,17,19", "%20pbl|%*pbl", bits, 20, bits);
  
  	bitmap_fill(bits, 20);
  	test("fffff|fffff", "%20pb|%*pb", bits, 20, bits);
  	test("0-19|0-19", "%20pbl|%*pbl", bits, 20, bits);

  
  	large_bitmap();

  }
  
  static void __init
  netdev_features(void)
  {
  }
  
  static void __init

  flags(void)
  {
  	unsigned long flags;
  	gfp_t gfp;
  	char *cmp_buffer;
  
  	flags = 0;
  	test("", "%pGp", &flags);
  
  	/* Page flags should filter the zone id */
  	flags = 1UL << NR_PAGEFLAGS;
  	test("", "%pGp", &flags);
  
  	flags |= 1UL << PG_uptodate | 1UL << PG_dirty | 1UL << PG_lru
  		| 1UL << PG_active | 1UL << PG_swapbacked;
  	test("uptodate|dirty|lru|active|swapbacked", "%pGp", &flags);
  
  
  	flags = VM_READ | VM_EXEC | VM_MAYREAD | VM_MAYWRITE | VM_MAYEXEC
  			| VM_DENYWRITE;
  	test("read|exec|mayread|maywrite|mayexec|denywrite", "%pGv", &flags);
  
  	gfp = GFP_TRANSHUGE;
  	test("GFP_TRANSHUGE", "%pGg", &gfp);
  
  	gfp = GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_DMA;
  	test("GFP_ATOMIC|GFP_DMA", "%pGg", &gfp);
  
  	gfp = __GFP_ATOMIC;
  	test("__GFP_ATOMIC", "%pGg", &gfp);
  
  	cmp_buffer = kmalloc(BUF_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
  	if (!cmp_buffer)
  		return;
  
  	/* Any flags not translated by the table should remain numeric */
  	gfp = ~__GFP_BITS_MASK;
  	snprintf(cmp_buffer, BUF_SIZE, "%#lx", (unsigned long) gfp);
  	test(cmp_buffer, "%pGg", &gfp);
  
  	snprintf(cmp_buffer, BUF_SIZE, "__GFP_ATOMIC|%#lx",
  							(unsigned long) gfp);
  	gfp |= __GFP_ATOMIC;
  	test(cmp_buffer, "%pGg", &gfp);
  
  	kfree(cmp_buffer);
  }
  
  static void __init

  test_pointer(void)
  {
  	plain();
  	symbol_ptr();
  	kernel_ptr();
  	struct_resource();
  	addr();
  	escaped_str();
  	hex_string();
  	mac();
  	ip();
  	uuid();
  	dentry();
  	struct_va_format();
  	struct_clk();
  	bitmap();
  	netdev_features();

  	flags();

  }
  
  static int __init
  test_printf_init(void)
  {

  	alloced_buffer = kmalloc(BUF_SIZE + 2*PAD_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
  	if (!alloced_buffer)

  		return -ENOMEM;

  	test_buffer = alloced_buffer + PAD_SIZE;

  
  	test_basic();
  	test_number();
  	test_string();
  	test_pointer();

  	kfree(alloced_buffer);

  
  	if (failed_tests == 0)
  		pr_info("all %u tests passed
  ", total_tests);
  	else
  		pr_warn("failed %u out of %u tests
  ", failed_tests, total_tests);
  
  	return failed_tests ? -EINVAL : 0;
  }
  
  module_init(test_printf_init);
  
  MODULE_AUTHOR("Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>");
  MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");