Virtual TPM Proxy Driver for Linux Containers
  
  Authors: Stefan Berger (IBM)
  
  This document describes the virtual Trusted Platform Module (vTPM)
  proxy device driver for Linux containers.
  
  INTRODUCTION
  ------------
  
  The goal of this work is to provide TPM functionality to each Linux
  container. This allows programs to interact with a TPM in a container
  the same way they interact with a TPM on the physical system. Each
  container gets its own unique, emulated, software TPM.
  
  
  DESIGN
  ------
  
  To make an emulated software TPM available to each container, the container
  management stack needs to create a device pair consisting of a client TPM
  character device /dev/tpmX (with X=0,1,2...) and a 'server side' file
  descriptor. The former is moved into the container by creating a character
  device with the appropriate major and minor numbers while the file descriptor
  is passed to the TPM emulator. Software inside the container can then send
  TPM commands using the character device and the emulator will receive the
  commands via the file descriptor and use it for sending back responses.
  
  To support this, the virtual TPM proxy driver provides a device /dev/vtpmx
  that is used to create device pairs using an ioctl. The ioctl takes as
  an input flags for configuring the device. The flags  for example indicate
  whether TPM 1.2 or TPM 2 functionality is supported by the TPM emulator.
  The result of the ioctl are the file descriptor for the 'server side'
  as well as the major and minor numbers of the character device that was created.
  Besides that the number of the TPM character device is return. If for
  example /dev/tpm10 was created, the number (dev_num) 10 is returned.
  
  The following is the data structure of the TPM_PROXY_IOC_NEW_DEV ioctl:
  
  struct vtpm_proxy_new_dev {
  	__u32 flags;         /* input */
  	__u32 tpm_num;       /* output */
  	__u32 fd;            /* output */
  	__u32 major;         /* output */
  	__u32 minor;         /* output */
  };
  
  Note that if unsupported flags are passed to the device driver, the ioctl will
  fail and errno will be set to EOPNOTSUPP. Similarly, if an unsupported ioctl is
  called on the device driver, the ioctl will fail and errno will be set to
  ENOTTY.
  
  See /usr/include/linux/vtpm_proxy.h for definitions related to the public interface
  of this vTPM device driver.
  
  Once the device has been created, the driver will immediately try to talk
  to the TPM. All commands from the driver can be read from the file descriptor
  returned by the ioctl. The commands should be responded to immediately.
  
  Depending on the version of TPM the following commands will be sent by the
  driver:
  
  - TPM 1.2:
    - the driver will send a TPM_Startup command to the TPM emulator
    - the driver will send commands to read the command durations and
      interface timeouts from the TPM emulator
  - TPM 2:
    - the driver will send a TPM2_Startup command to the TPM emulator
  
  The TPM device /dev/tpmX will only appear if all of the relevant commands
  were responded to properly.