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Documentation/fb/intel810.txt
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Intel 810/815 Framebuffer driver Tony Daplas <adaplas@pol.net> http://i810fb.sourceforge.net March 17, 2002 First Released: July 2001 |
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Last Update: September 12, 2005 |
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================================================================ A. Introduction |
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This is a framebuffer driver for various Intel 810/815 compatible |
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graphics devices. These include: |
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Intel 810 Intel 810E Intel 810-DC100 Intel 815 Internal graphics only, 100Mhz FSB Intel 815 Internal graphics only Intel 815 Internal graphics and AGP B. Features |
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- Choice of using Discrete Video Timings, VESA Generalized Timing |
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Formula, or a framebuffer specific database to set the video mode |
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- Supports a variable range of horizontal and vertical resolution and vertical refresh rates if the VESA Generalized Timing Formula is |
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enabled. |
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- Supports color depths of 8, 16, 24 and 32 bits per pixel |
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- Supports pseudocolor, directcolor, or truecolor visuals |
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- Full and optimized hardware acceleration at 8, 16 and 24 bpp |
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- Robust video state save and restore |
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- MTRR support |
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- Utilizes user-entered monitor specifications to automatically calculate required video mode parameters. |
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- Can concurrently run with xfree86 running with native i810 drivers |
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- Hardware Cursor Support |
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- Supports EDID probing either by DDC/I2C or through the BIOS |
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C. List of available options |
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a. "video=i810fb" |
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enables the i810 driver Recommendation: required |
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b. "xres:<value>" |
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select horizontal resolution in pixels. (This parameter will be ignored if 'mode_option' is specified. See 'o' below). |
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Recommendation: user preference |
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(default = 640) c. "yres:<value>" select vertical resolution in scanlines. If Discrete Video Timings |
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is enabled, this will be ignored and computed as 3*xres/4. (This parameter will be ignored if 'mode_option' is specified. See 'o' |
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below) |
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Recommendation: user preference (default = 480) |
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d. "vyres:<value>" |
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select virtual vertical resolution in scanlines. If (0) or none |
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is specified, this will be computed against maximum available memory. |
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Recommendation: do not set (default = 480) e. "vram:<value>" |
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select amount of system RAM in MB to allocate for the video memory |
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Recommendation: 1 - 4 MB. (default = 4) |
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f. "bpp:<value>" select desired pixel depth |
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Recommendation: 8 (default = 8) |
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g. "hsync1/hsync2:<value>" select the minimum and maximum Horizontal Sync Frequency of the monitor in kHz. If using a fixed frequency monitor, hsync1 must |
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be equal to hsync2. If EDID probing is successful, these will be ignored and values will be taken from the EDID block. |
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Recommendation: check monitor manual for correct values |
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(default = 29/30) |
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h. "vsync1/vsync2:<value>" |
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select the minimum and maximum Vertical Sync Frequency of the monitor |
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in Hz. You can also use this option to lock your monitor's refresh |
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rate. If EDID probing is successful, these will be ignored and values will be taken from the EDID block. |
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Recommendation: check monitor manual for correct values (default = 60/60) |
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IMPORTANT: If you need to clamp your timings, try to give some leeway for computational errors (over/underflows). Example: if |
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using vsync1/vsync2 = 60/60, make sure hsync1/hsync2 has at least a 1 unit difference, and vice versa. |
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i. "voffset:<value>" select at what offset in MB of the logical memory to allocate the |
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framebuffer memory. The intent is to avoid the memory blocks used by standard graphics applications (XFree86). The default |
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offset (16 MB for a 64 MB aperture, 8 MB for a 32 MB aperture) will avoid XFree86's usage and allows up to 7 MB/15 MB of framebuffer memory. Depending on your usage, adjust the value up or down (0 for maximum usage, 31/63 MB for the least amount). Note, an |
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arbitrary setting may conflict with XFree86. Recommendation: do not set (default = 8 or 16 MB) |
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j. "accel" enable text acceleration. This can be enabled/reenabled anytime by using 'fbset -accel true/false'. |
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Recommendation: enable |
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(default = not set) |
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k. "mtrr" |
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enable MTRR. This allows data transfers to the framebuffer memory to occur in bursts which can significantly increase performance. |
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Not very helpful with the i810/i815 because of 'shared memory'. |
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Recommendation: do not set |
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(default = not set) |
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l. "extvga" if specified, secondary/external VGA output will always be enabled. Useful if the BIOS turns off the VGA port when no monitor is attached. |
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The external VGA monitor can then be attached without rebooting. |
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Recommendation: do not set (default = not set) |
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m. "sync" |
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Forces the hardware engine to do a "sync" or wait for the hardware |
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to finish before starting another instruction. This will produce a |
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more stable setup, but will be slower. Recommendation: do not set (default = not set) n. "dcolor" Use directcolor visual instead of truecolor for pixel depths greater than 8 bpp. Useful for color tuning, such as gamma control. Recommendation: do not set (default = not set) |
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o. <xres>x<yres>[-<bpp>][@<refresh>] The driver will now accept specification of boot mode option. If this is specified, the options 'xres' and 'yres' will be ignored. See Documentation/fb/modedb.txt for usage. |
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D. Kernel booting Separate each option/option-pair by commas (,) and the option from its value with a colon (:) as in the following: video=i810fb:option1,option2:value2 Sample Usage ------------ In /etc/lilo.conf, add the line: append="video=i810fb:vram:2,xres:1024,yres:768,bpp:8,hsync1:30,hsync2:55, \ vsync1:50,vsync2:85,accel,mtrr" This will initialize the framebuffer to 1024x768 at 8bpp. The framebuffer |
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will use 2 MB of System RAM. MTRR support will be enabled. The refresh rate will be computed based on the hsync1/hsync2 and vsync1/vsync2 values. |
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IMPORTANT: You must include hsync1, hsync2, vsync1 and vsync2 to enable video modes |
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better than 640x480 at 60Hz. HOWEVER, if your chipset/display combination supports I2C and has an EDID block, you can safely exclude hsync1, hsync2, vsync1 and vsync2 parameters. These parameters will be taken from the EDID block. |
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E. Module options |
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The module parameters are essentially similar to the kernel parameters. The main difference is that you need to include a Boolean value (1 for TRUE, and 0 for FALSE) for those options which don't need a value. |
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Example, to enable MTRR, include "mtrr=1". Sample Usage ------------ Using the same setup as described above, load the module like this: modprobe i810fb vram=2 xres=1024 bpp=8 hsync1=30 hsync2=55 vsync1=50 \ vsync2=85 accel=1 mtrr=1 |
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Or just add the following to a configuration file in /etc/modprobe.d/ |
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options i810fb vram=2 xres=1024 bpp=16 hsync1=30 hsync2=55 vsync1=50 \ vsync2=85 accel=1 mtrr=1 |
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and just do a |
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modprobe i810fb F. Setup |
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a. Do your usual method of configuring the kernel. |
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make menuconfig/xconfig/config |
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b. Under "Code maturity level options" enable "Prompt for development and/or incomplete code/drivers". |
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c. Enable agpgart support for the Intel 810/815 on-board graphics. |
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This is required. The option is under "Character Devices". |
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d. Under "Graphics Support", select "Intel 810/815" either statically |
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or as a module. Choose "use VESA Generalized Timing Formula" if |
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you need to maximize the capability of your display. To be on the safe side, you can leave this unselected. |
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e. If you want support for DDC/I2C probing (Plug and Play Displays), set 'Enable DDC Support' to 'y'. To make this option appear, set 'use VESA Generalized Timing Formula' to 'y'. |
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f. If you want a framebuffer console, enable it under "Console Drivers". g. Compile your kernel. h. Load the driver as described in sections D and E. |
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i. Try the DirectFB (http://www.directfb.org) + the i810 gfxdriver patch to see the chipset in action (or inaction :-). G. Acknowledgment: |
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1. Geert Uytterhoeven - his excellent howto and the virtual |
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framebuffer driver code made this possible. |
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2. Jeff Hartmann for his agpgart code. |
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3. The X developers. Insights were provided just by reading the XFree86 source code. 4. Intel(c). For this value-oriented chipset driver and for |
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providing documentation. |
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5. Matt Sottek. His inputs and ideas helped in making some |
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optimizations possible. |
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H. Home Page: A more complete, and probably updated information is provided at |
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http://i810fb.sourceforge.net. |
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########################### Tony |