/* binfmt_elf_fdpic.c: FDPIC ELF binary format
   *

   * Copyright (C) 2003, 2004, 2006 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

   * Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com)
   * Derived from binfmt_elf.c
   *
   * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
   * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
   * 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
   */
  
  #include <linux/module.h>
  
  #include <linux/fs.h>
  #include <linux/stat.h>
  #include <linux/sched.h>
  #include <linux/mm.h>
  #include <linux/mman.h>
  #include <linux/errno.h>
  #include <linux/signal.h>
  #include <linux/binfmts.h>
  #include <linux/string.h>
  #include <linux/file.h>
  #include <linux/fcntl.h>
  #include <linux/slab.h>

  #include <linux/pagemap.h>

  #include <linux/highmem.h>

  #include <linux/highuid.h>

  #include <linux/personality.h>
  #include <linux/ptrace.h>
  #include <linux/init.h>

  #include <linux/elf.h>
  #include <linux/elf-fdpic.h>
  #include <linux/elfcore.h>
  
  #include <asm/uaccess.h>
  #include <asm/param.h>
  #include <asm/pgalloc.h>
  
  typedef char *elf_caddr_t;

  
  #if 0
  #define kdebug(fmt, ...) printk("FDPIC "fmt"
  " ,##__VA_ARGS__ )
  #else
  #define kdebug(fmt, ...) do {} while(0)
  #endif

  #if 0
  #define kdcore(fmt, ...) printk("FDPIC "fmt"
  " ,##__VA_ARGS__ )
  #else
  #define kdcore(fmt, ...) do {} while(0)
  #endif

  MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

  static int load_elf_fdpic_binary(struct linux_binprm *, struct pt_regs *);
  static int elf_fdpic_fetch_phdrs(struct elf_fdpic_params *, struct file *);
  static int elf_fdpic_map_file(struct elf_fdpic_params *, struct file *,
  			      struct mm_struct *, const char *);

  static int create_elf_fdpic_tables(struct linux_binprm *, struct mm_struct *,
  				   struct elf_fdpic_params *,
  				   struct elf_fdpic_params *);

  
  #ifndef CONFIG_MMU

  static int elf_fdpic_transfer_args_to_stack(struct linux_binprm *,
  					    unsigned long *);
  static int elf_fdpic_map_file_constdisp_on_uclinux(struct elf_fdpic_params *,
  						   struct file *,
  						   struct mm_struct *);

  #endif

  static int elf_fdpic_map_file_by_direct_mmap(struct elf_fdpic_params *,
  					     struct file *, struct mm_struct *);

  #if defined(USE_ELF_CORE_DUMP) && defined(CONFIG_ELF_CORE)

  static int elf_fdpic_core_dump(long, struct pt_regs *, struct file *, unsigned long limit);

  #endif

  static struct linux_binfmt elf_fdpic_format = {
  	.module		= THIS_MODULE,
  	.load_binary	= load_elf_fdpic_binary,

  #if defined(USE_ELF_CORE_DUMP) && defined(CONFIG_ELF_CORE)
  	.core_dump	= elf_fdpic_core_dump,
  #endif

  	.min_coredump	= ELF_EXEC_PAGESIZE,
  };

  static int __init init_elf_fdpic_binfmt(void)
  {
  	return register_binfmt(&elf_fdpic_format);
  }

  static void __exit exit_elf_fdpic_binfmt(void)
  {
  	unregister_binfmt(&elf_fdpic_format);
  }

  core_initcall(init_elf_fdpic_binfmt);

  module_exit(exit_elf_fdpic_binfmt);

  
  static int is_elf_fdpic(struct elfhdr *hdr, struct file *file)
  {
  	if (memcmp(hdr->e_ident, ELFMAG, SELFMAG) != 0)
  		return 0;
  	if (hdr->e_type != ET_EXEC && hdr->e_type != ET_DYN)
  		return 0;
  	if (!elf_check_arch(hdr) || !elf_check_fdpic(hdr))
  		return 0;
  	if (!file->f_op || !file->f_op->mmap)
  		return 0;
  	return 1;
  }
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  /*
   * read the program headers table into memory
   */

  static int elf_fdpic_fetch_phdrs(struct elf_fdpic_params *params,
  				 struct file *file)

  {
  	struct elf32_phdr *phdr;
  	unsigned long size;
  	int retval, loop;
  
  	if (params->hdr.e_phentsize != sizeof(struct elf_phdr))
  		return -ENOMEM;
  	if (params->hdr.e_phnum > 65536U / sizeof(struct elf_phdr))
  		return -ENOMEM;
  
  	size = params->hdr.e_phnum * sizeof(struct elf_phdr);
  	params->phdrs = kmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
  	if (!params->phdrs)
  		return -ENOMEM;

  	retval = kernel_read(file, params->hdr.e_phoff,
  			     (char *) params->phdrs, size);

  	if (unlikely(retval != size))
  		return retval < 0 ? retval : -ENOEXEC;

  
  	/* determine stack size for this binary */
  	phdr = params->phdrs;
  	for (loop = 0; loop < params->hdr.e_phnum; loop++, phdr++) {
  		if (phdr->p_type != PT_GNU_STACK)
  			continue;
  
  		if (phdr->p_flags & PF_X)
  			params->flags |= ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_EXEC_STACK;
  		else
  			params->flags |= ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_NOEXEC_STACK;
  
  		params->stack_size = phdr->p_memsz;
  		break;
  	}
  
  	return 0;

  }

  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  /*
   * load an fdpic binary into various bits of memory
   */

  static int load_elf_fdpic_binary(struct linux_binprm *bprm,
  				 struct pt_regs *regs)

  {
  	struct elf_fdpic_params exec_params, interp_params;
  	struct elf_phdr *phdr;

  	unsigned long stack_size, entryaddr;
  #ifndef CONFIG_MMU
  	unsigned long fullsize;
  #endif
  #ifdef ELF_FDPIC_PLAT_INIT
  	unsigned long dynaddr;
  #endif

  	struct file *interpreter = NULL; /* to shut gcc up */
  	char *interpreter_name = NULL;
  	int executable_stack;
  	int retval, i;

  	kdebug("____ LOAD %d ____", current->pid);

  	memset(&exec_params, 0, sizeof(exec_params));
  	memset(&interp_params, 0, sizeof(interp_params));
  
  	exec_params.hdr = *(struct elfhdr *) bprm->buf;
  	exec_params.flags = ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_PRESENT | ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_EXECUTABLE;
  
  	/* check that this is a binary we know how to deal with */
  	retval = -ENOEXEC;
  	if (!is_elf_fdpic(&exec_params.hdr, bprm->file))
  		goto error;
  
  	/* read the program header table */
  	retval = elf_fdpic_fetch_phdrs(&exec_params, bprm->file);
  	if (retval < 0)
  		goto error;
  
  	/* scan for a program header that specifies an interpreter */
  	phdr = exec_params.phdrs;
  
  	for (i = 0; i < exec_params.hdr.e_phnum; i++, phdr++) {
  		switch (phdr->p_type) {
  		case PT_INTERP:
  			retval = -ENOMEM;
  			if (phdr->p_filesz > PATH_MAX)
  				goto error;
  			retval = -ENOENT;
  			if (phdr->p_filesz < 2)
  				goto error;
  
  			/* read the name of the interpreter into memory */

  			interpreter_name = kmalloc(phdr->p_filesz, GFP_KERNEL);

  			if (!interpreter_name)
  				goto error;
  
  			retval = kernel_read(bprm->file,
  					     phdr->p_offset,
  					     interpreter_name,
  					     phdr->p_filesz);

  			if (unlikely(retval != phdr->p_filesz)) {
  				if (retval >= 0)
  					retval = -ENOEXEC;

  				goto error;

  			}

  
  			retval = -ENOENT;
  			if (interpreter_name[phdr->p_filesz - 1] != '\0')
  				goto error;
  
  			kdebug("Using ELF interpreter %s", interpreter_name);
  
  			/* replace the program with the interpreter */
  			interpreter = open_exec(interpreter_name);
  			retval = PTR_ERR(interpreter);
  			if (IS_ERR(interpreter)) {
  				interpreter = NULL;
  				goto error;
  			}

  			/*
  			 * If the binary is not readable then enforce
  			 * mm->dumpable = 0 regardless of the interpreter's
  			 * permissions.
  			 */
  			if (file_permission(interpreter, MAY_READ) < 0)
  				bprm->interp_flags |= BINPRM_FLAGS_ENFORCE_NONDUMP;

  			retval = kernel_read(interpreter, 0, bprm->buf,
  					     BINPRM_BUF_SIZE);

  			if (unlikely(retval != BINPRM_BUF_SIZE)) {
  				if (retval >= 0)
  					retval = -ENOEXEC;

  				goto error;

  			}

  
  			interp_params.hdr = *((struct elfhdr *) bprm->buf);
  			break;
  
  		case PT_LOAD:
  #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
  			if (exec_params.load_addr == 0)
  				exec_params.load_addr = phdr->p_vaddr;
  #endif
  			break;
  		}
  
  	}
  
  	if (elf_check_const_displacement(&exec_params.hdr))
  		exec_params.flags |= ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_CONSTDISP;
  
  	/* perform insanity checks on the interpreter */
  	if (interpreter_name) {
  		retval = -ELIBBAD;
  		if (!is_elf_fdpic(&interp_params.hdr, interpreter))
  			goto error;
  
  		interp_params.flags = ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_PRESENT;
  
  		/* read the interpreter's program header table */
  		retval = elf_fdpic_fetch_phdrs(&interp_params, interpreter);
  		if (retval < 0)
  			goto error;
  	}
  
  	stack_size = exec_params.stack_size;
  	if (stack_size < interp_params.stack_size)
  		stack_size = interp_params.stack_size;
  
  	if (exec_params.flags & ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_EXEC_STACK)
  		executable_stack = EXSTACK_ENABLE_X;
  	else if (exec_params.flags & ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_NOEXEC_STACK)
  		executable_stack = EXSTACK_DISABLE_X;
  	else if (interp_params.flags & ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_EXEC_STACK)
  		executable_stack = EXSTACK_ENABLE_X;
  	else if (interp_params.flags & ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_NOEXEC_STACK)
  		executable_stack = EXSTACK_DISABLE_X;
  	else
  		executable_stack = EXSTACK_DEFAULT;
  
  	retval = -ENOEXEC;
  	if (stack_size == 0)
  		goto error;
  
  	if (elf_check_const_displacement(&interp_params.hdr))
  		interp_params.flags |= ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_CONSTDISP;
  
  	/* flush all traces of the currently running executable */
  	retval = flush_old_exec(bprm);
  	if (retval)
  		goto error;
  
  	/* there's now no turning back... the old userspace image is dead,
  	 * defunct, deceased, etc. after this point we have to exit via
  	 * error_kill */
  	set_personality(PER_LINUX_FDPIC);
  	set_binfmt(&elf_fdpic_format);
  
  	current->mm->start_code = 0;
  	current->mm->end_code = 0;
  	current->mm->start_stack = 0;
  	current->mm->start_data = 0;
  	current->mm->end_data = 0;
  	current->mm->context.exec_fdpic_loadmap = 0;
  	current->mm->context.interp_fdpic_loadmap = 0;
  
  	current->flags &= ~PF_FORKNOEXEC;
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
  	elf_fdpic_arch_lay_out_mm(&exec_params,
  				  &interp_params,
  				  &current->mm->start_stack,
  				  &current->mm->start_brk);

  	retval = setup_arg_pages(bprm, current->mm->start_stack,
  				 executable_stack);

  	if (retval < 0) {
  		send_sig(SIGKILL, current, 0);
  		goto error_kill;
  	}
  #endif
  
  	/* load the executable and interpreter into memory */

  	retval = elf_fdpic_map_file(&exec_params, bprm->file, current->mm,
  				    "executable");

  	if (retval < 0)
  		goto error_kill;
  
  	if (interpreter_name) {
  		retval = elf_fdpic_map_file(&interp_params, interpreter,
  					    current->mm, "interpreter");
  		if (retval < 0) {
  			printk(KERN_ERR "Unable to load interpreter
  ");
  			goto error_kill;
  		}
  
  		allow_write_access(interpreter);
  		fput(interpreter);
  		interpreter = NULL;
  	}
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
  	if (!current->mm->start_brk)
  		current->mm->start_brk = current->mm->end_data;

  	current->mm->brk = current->mm->start_brk =
  		PAGE_ALIGN(current->mm->start_brk);

  
  #else
  	/* create a stack and brk area big enough for everyone
  	 * - the brk heap starts at the bottom and works up
  	 * - the stack starts at the top and works down
  	 */
  	stack_size = (stack_size + PAGE_SIZE - 1) & PAGE_MASK;
  	if (stack_size < PAGE_SIZE * 2)
  		stack_size = PAGE_SIZE * 2;
  
  	down_write(&current->mm->mmap_sem);

  	current->mm->start_brk = do_mmap(NULL, 0, stack_size,

  					 PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE | PROT_EXEC,

  					 MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_GROWSDOWN,

  					 0);

  	if (IS_ERR_VALUE(current->mm->start_brk)) {

  		up_write(&current->mm->mmap_sem);
  		retval = current->mm->start_brk;
  		current->mm->start_brk = 0;
  		goto error_kill;
  	}

  	/* expand the stack mapping to use up the entire allocation granule */

  	fullsize = kobjsize((char *) current->mm->start_brk);

  	if (!IS_ERR_VALUE(do_mremap(current->mm->start_brk, stack_size,
  				    fullsize, 0, 0)))
  		stack_size = fullsize;

  	up_write(&current->mm->mmap_sem);
  
  	current->mm->brk = current->mm->start_brk;
  	current->mm->context.end_brk = current->mm->start_brk;

  	current->mm->context.end_brk +=
  		(stack_size > PAGE_SIZE) ? (stack_size - PAGE_SIZE) : 0;

  	current->mm->start_stack = current->mm->start_brk + stack_size;
  #endif
  
  	compute_creds(bprm);
  	current->flags &= ~PF_FORKNOEXEC;

  	if (create_elf_fdpic_tables(bprm, current->mm,
  				    &exec_params, &interp_params) < 0)

  		goto error_kill;

  	kdebug("- start_code  %lx", current->mm->start_code);
  	kdebug("- end_code    %lx", current->mm->end_code);
  	kdebug("- start_data  %lx", current->mm->start_data);
  	kdebug("- end_data    %lx", current->mm->end_data);
  	kdebug("- start_brk   %lx", current->mm->start_brk);
  	kdebug("- brk         %lx", current->mm->brk);
  	kdebug("- start_stack %lx", current->mm->start_stack);

  
  #ifdef ELF_FDPIC_PLAT_INIT
  	/*
  	 * The ABI may specify that certain registers be set up in special
  	 * ways (on i386 %edx is the address of a DT_FINI function, for
  	 * example.  This macro performs whatever initialization to
  	 * the regs structure is required.
  	 */

  	dynaddr = interp_params.dynamic_addr ?: exec_params.dynamic_addr;
  	ELF_FDPIC_PLAT_INIT(regs, exec_params.map_addr, interp_params.map_addr,
  			    dynaddr);

  #endif
  
  	/* everything is now ready... get the userspace context ready to roll */

  	entryaddr = interp_params.entry_addr ?: exec_params.entry_addr;
  	start_thread(regs, entryaddr, current->mm->start_stack);

  	retval = 0;
  
  error:
  	if (interpreter) {
  		allow_write_access(interpreter);
  		fput(interpreter);
  	}

  	kfree(interpreter_name);
  	kfree(exec_params.phdrs);
  	kfree(exec_params.loadmap);
  	kfree(interp_params.phdrs);
  	kfree(interp_params.loadmap);

  	return retval;
  
  	/* unrecoverable error - kill the process */

  error_kill:

  	send_sig(SIGSEGV, current, 0);
  	goto error;

  }

  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  /*
   * present useful information to the program
   */
  static int create_elf_fdpic_tables(struct linux_binprm *bprm,
  				   struct mm_struct *mm,
  				   struct elf_fdpic_params *exec_params,
  				   struct elf_fdpic_params *interp_params)
  {
  	unsigned long sp, csp, nitems;

  	elf_caddr_t __user *argv, *envp;

  	size_t platform_len = 0, len;

  	char *k_platform;
  	char __user *u_platform, *p;

  	long hwcap;
  	int loop;

  	int nr;	/* reset for each csp adjustment */

  
  	/* we're going to shovel a whole load of stuff onto the stack */
  #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
  	sp = bprm->p;
  #else
  	sp = mm->start_stack;
  
  	/* stack the program arguments and environment */
  	if (elf_fdpic_transfer_args_to_stack(bprm, &sp) < 0)
  		return -EFAULT;
  #endif
  
  	/* get hold of platform and hardware capabilities masks for the machine
  	 * we are running on.  In some cases (Sparc), this info is impossible
  	 * to get, in others (i386) it is merely difficult.
  	 */
  	hwcap = ELF_HWCAP;
  	k_platform = ELF_PLATFORM;

  	u_platform = NULL;

  
  	if (k_platform) {
  		platform_len = strlen(k_platform) + 1;
  		sp -= platform_len;

  		u_platform = (char __user *) sp;

  		if (__copy_to_user(u_platform, k_platform, platform_len) != 0)
  			return -EFAULT;
  	}

  #if defined(__i386__) && defined(CONFIG_SMP)
  	/* in some cases (e.g. Hyper-Threading), we want to avoid L1 evictions

  	 * by the processes running on the same package. One thing we can do is
  	 * to shuffle the initial stack for them.

  	 *

  	 * the conditionals here are unneeded, but kept in to make the code
  	 * behaviour the same as pre change unless we have hyperthreaded

  	 * processors. This keeps Mr Marcelo Person happier but should be
  	 * removed for 2.5
  	 */
  	if (smp_num_siblings > 1)
  		sp = sp - ((current->pid % 64) << 7);
  #endif
  
  	sp &= ~7UL;
  
  	/* stack the load map(s) */
  	len = sizeof(struct elf32_fdpic_loadmap);
  	len += sizeof(struct elf32_fdpic_loadseg) * exec_params->loadmap->nsegs;
  	sp = (sp - len) & ~7UL;
  	exec_params->map_addr = sp;

  	if (copy_to_user((void __user *) sp, exec_params->loadmap, len) != 0)

  		return -EFAULT;
  
  	current->mm->context.exec_fdpic_loadmap = (unsigned long) sp;
  
  	if (interp_params->loadmap) {
  		len = sizeof(struct elf32_fdpic_loadmap);

  		len += sizeof(struct elf32_fdpic_loadseg) *
  			interp_params->loadmap->nsegs;

  		sp = (sp - len) & ~7UL;
  		interp_params->map_addr = sp;

  		if (copy_to_user((void __user *) sp, interp_params->loadmap,
  				 len) != 0)

  			return -EFAULT;
  
  		current->mm->context.interp_fdpic_loadmap = (unsigned long) sp;
  	}
  
  	/* force 16 byte _final_ alignment here for generality */
  #define DLINFO_ITEMS 13

  	nitems = 1 + DLINFO_ITEMS + (k_platform ? 1 : 0) + AT_VECTOR_SIZE_ARCH;

  
  	csp = sp;
  	sp -= nitems * 2 * sizeof(unsigned long);
  	sp -= (bprm->envc + 1) * sizeof(char *);	/* envv[] */
  	sp -= (bprm->argc + 1) * sizeof(char *);	/* argv[] */
  	sp -= 1 * sizeof(unsigned long);		/* argc */
  
  	csp -= sp & 15UL;
  	sp -= sp & 15UL;
  
  	/* put the ELF interpreter info on the stack */

  #define NEW_AUX_ENT(id, val)						\

  	do {								\
  		struct { unsigned long _id, _val; } __user *ent;	\
  									\
  		ent = (void __user *) csp;				\
  		__put_user((id), &ent[nr]._id);				\
  		__put_user((val), &ent[nr]._val);			\

  		nr++;							\

  	} while (0)

  	nr = 0;

  	csp -= 2 * sizeof(unsigned long);

  	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_NULL, 0);

  	if (k_platform) {

  		nr = 0;

  		csp -= 2 * sizeof(unsigned long);

  		NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_PLATFORM,

  			    (elf_addr_t) (unsigned long) u_platform);

  	}

  	nr = 0;

  	csp -= DLINFO_ITEMS * 2 * sizeof(unsigned long);

  	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_HWCAP,	hwcap);
  	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_PAGESZ,	PAGE_SIZE);
  	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_CLKTCK,	CLOCKS_PER_SEC);
  	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_PHDR,	exec_params->ph_addr);
  	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_PHENT,	sizeof(struct elf_phdr));
  	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_PHNUM,	exec_params->hdr.e_phnum);
  	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_BASE,	interp_params->elfhdr_addr);
  	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_FLAGS,	0);
  	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_ENTRY,	exec_params->entry_addr);
  	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_UID,	(elf_addr_t) current->uid);
  	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_EUID,	(elf_addr_t) current->euid);
  	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_GID,	(elf_addr_t) current->gid);
  	NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_EGID,	(elf_addr_t) current->egid);

  
  #ifdef ARCH_DLINFO

  	nr = 0;
  	csp -= AT_VECTOR_SIZE_ARCH * 2 * sizeof(unsigned long);

  	/* ARCH_DLINFO must come last so platform specific code can enforce
  	 * special alignment requirements on the AUXV if necessary (eg. PPC).
  	 */
  	ARCH_DLINFO;
  #endif
  #undef NEW_AUX_ENT
  
  	/* allocate room for argv[] and envv[] */
  	csp -= (bprm->envc + 1) * sizeof(elf_caddr_t);

  	envp = (elf_caddr_t __user *) csp;

  	csp -= (bprm->argc + 1) * sizeof(elf_caddr_t);

  	argv = (elf_caddr_t __user *) csp;

  
  	/* stack argc */
  	csp -= sizeof(unsigned long);

  	__put_user(bprm->argc, (unsigned long __user *) csp);

  	BUG_ON(csp != sp);

  
  	/* fill in the argv[] array */
  #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
  	current->mm->arg_start = bprm->p;
  #else

  	current->mm->arg_start = current->mm->start_stack -
  		(MAX_ARG_PAGES * PAGE_SIZE - bprm->p);

  #endif

  	p = (char __user *) current->mm->arg_start;

  	for (loop = bprm->argc; loop > 0; loop--) {
  		__put_user((elf_caddr_t) p, argv++);

  		len = strnlen_user(p, MAX_ARG_STRLEN);
  		if (!len || len > MAX_ARG_STRLEN)

  			return -EINVAL;
  		p += len;
  	}
  	__put_user(NULL, argv);
  	current->mm->arg_end = (unsigned long) p;
  
  	/* fill in the envv[] array */
  	current->mm->env_start = (unsigned long) p;
  	for (loop = bprm->envc; loop > 0; loop--) {
  		__put_user((elf_caddr_t)(unsigned long) p, envp++);

  		len = strnlen_user(p, MAX_ARG_STRLEN);
  		if (!len || len > MAX_ARG_STRLEN)

  			return -EINVAL;
  		p += len;
  	}
  	__put_user(NULL, envp);
  	current->mm->env_end = (unsigned long) p;
  
  	mm->start_stack = (unsigned long) sp;
  	return 0;

  }

  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  /*
   * transfer the program arguments and environment from the holding pages onto
   * the stack
   */
  #ifndef CONFIG_MMU

  static int elf_fdpic_transfer_args_to_stack(struct linux_binprm *bprm,
  					    unsigned long *_sp)

  {
  	unsigned long index, stop, sp;
  	char *src;
  	int ret = 0;
  
  	stop = bprm->p >> PAGE_SHIFT;
  	sp = *_sp;
  
  	for (index = MAX_ARG_PAGES - 1; index >= stop; index--) {
  		src = kmap(bprm->page[index]);
  		sp -= PAGE_SIZE;
  		if (copy_to_user((void *) sp, src, PAGE_SIZE) != 0)
  			ret = -EFAULT;
  		kunmap(bprm->page[index]);
  		if (ret < 0)
  			goto out;
  	}
  
  	*_sp = (*_sp - (MAX_ARG_PAGES * PAGE_SIZE - bprm->p)) & ~15;

  out:

  	return ret;

  }

  #endif
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  /*
   * load the appropriate binary image (executable or interpreter) into memory
   * - we assume no MMU is available
   * - if no other PIC bits are set in params->hdr->e_flags
   *   - we assume that the LOADable segments in the binary are independently relocatable
   *   - we assume R/O executable segments are shareable
   * - else
   *   - we assume the loadable parts of the image to require fixed displacement
   *   - the image is not shareable
   */
  static int elf_fdpic_map_file(struct elf_fdpic_params *params,
  			      struct file *file,
  			      struct mm_struct *mm,
  			      const char *what)
  {
  	struct elf32_fdpic_loadmap *loadmap;
  #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
  	struct elf32_fdpic_loadseg *mseg;
  #endif
  	struct elf32_fdpic_loadseg *seg;
  	struct elf32_phdr *phdr;
  	unsigned long load_addr, stop;
  	unsigned nloads, tmp;
  	size_t size;
  	int loop, ret;
  
  	/* allocate a load map table */
  	nloads = 0;
  	for (loop = 0; loop < params->hdr.e_phnum; loop++)
  		if (params->phdrs[loop].p_type == PT_LOAD)
  			nloads++;
  
  	if (nloads == 0)
  		return -ELIBBAD;
  
  	size = sizeof(*loadmap) + nloads * sizeof(*seg);

  	loadmap = kzalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);

  	if (!loadmap)
  		return -ENOMEM;
  
  	params->loadmap = loadmap;

  
  	loadmap->version = ELF32_FDPIC_LOADMAP_VERSION;
  	loadmap->nsegs = nloads;
  
  	load_addr = params->load_addr;
  	seg = loadmap->segs;
  
  	/* map the requested LOADs into the memory space */
  	switch (params->flags & ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_ARRANGEMENT) {
  	case ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_CONSTDISP:
  	case ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_CONTIGUOUS:
  #ifndef CONFIG_MMU
  		ret = elf_fdpic_map_file_constdisp_on_uclinux(params, file, mm);
  		if (ret < 0)
  			return ret;
  		break;
  #endif
  	default:
  		ret = elf_fdpic_map_file_by_direct_mmap(params, file, mm);
  		if (ret < 0)
  			return ret;
  		break;
  	}
  
  	/* map the entry point */
  	if (params->hdr.e_entry) {
  		seg = loadmap->segs;
  		for (loop = loadmap->nsegs; loop > 0; loop--, seg++) {
  			if (params->hdr.e_entry >= seg->p_vaddr &&

  			    params->hdr.e_entry < seg->p_vaddr + seg->p_memsz) {

  				params->entry_addr =

  					(params->hdr.e_entry - seg->p_vaddr) +
  					seg->addr;

  				break;
  			}
  		}
  	}
  
  	/* determine where the program header table has wound up if mapped */

  	stop = params->hdr.e_phoff;
  	stop += params->hdr.e_phnum * sizeof (struct elf_phdr);

  	phdr = params->phdrs;
  
  	for (loop = 0; loop < params->hdr.e_phnum; loop++, phdr++) {
  		if (phdr->p_type != PT_LOAD)
  			continue;
  
  		if (phdr->p_offset > params->hdr.e_phoff ||
  		    phdr->p_offset + phdr->p_filesz < stop)
  			continue;
  
  		seg = loadmap->segs;
  		for (loop = loadmap->nsegs; loop > 0; loop--, seg++) {
  			if (phdr->p_vaddr >= seg->p_vaddr &&

  			    phdr->p_vaddr + phdr->p_filesz <=
  			    seg->p_vaddr + seg->p_memsz) {
  				params->ph_addr =
  					(phdr->p_vaddr - seg->p_vaddr) +
  					seg->addr +

  					params->hdr.e_phoff - phdr->p_offset;
  				break;
  			}
  		}
  		break;
  	}
  
  	/* determine where the dynamic section has wound up if there is one */
  	phdr = params->phdrs;
  	for (loop = 0; loop < params->hdr.e_phnum; loop++, phdr++) {
  		if (phdr->p_type != PT_DYNAMIC)
  			continue;
  
  		seg = loadmap->segs;
  		for (loop = loadmap->nsegs; loop > 0; loop--, seg++) {
  			if (phdr->p_vaddr >= seg->p_vaddr &&

  			    phdr->p_vaddr + phdr->p_memsz <=
  			    seg->p_vaddr + seg->p_memsz) {
  				params->dynamic_addr =
  					(phdr->p_vaddr - seg->p_vaddr) +
  					seg->addr;
  
  				/* check the dynamic section contains at least
  				 * one item, and that the last item is a NULL
  				 * entry */

  				if (phdr->p_memsz == 0 ||
  				    phdr->p_memsz % sizeof(Elf32_Dyn) != 0)
  					goto dynamic_error;
  
  				tmp = phdr->p_memsz / sizeof(Elf32_Dyn);

  				if (((Elf32_Dyn *)
  				     params->dynamic_addr)[tmp - 1].d_tag != 0)

  					goto dynamic_error;
  				break;
  			}
  		}
  		break;
  	}
  
  	/* now elide adjacent segments in the load map on MMU linux

  	 * - on uClinux the holes between may actually be filled with system
  	 *   stuff or stuff from other processes

  	 */
  #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
  	nloads = loadmap->nsegs;
  	mseg = loadmap->segs;
  	seg = mseg + 1;
  	for (loop = 1; loop < nloads; loop++) {
  		/* see if we have a candidate for merging */
  		if (seg->p_vaddr - mseg->p_vaddr == seg->addr - mseg->addr) {
  			load_addr = PAGE_ALIGN(mseg->addr + mseg->p_memsz);
  			if (load_addr == (seg->addr & PAGE_MASK)) {

  				mseg->p_memsz +=
  					load_addr -
  					(mseg->addr + mseg->p_memsz);

  				mseg->p_memsz += seg->addr & ~PAGE_MASK;
  				mseg->p_memsz += seg->p_memsz;
  				loadmap->nsegs--;
  				continue;
  			}
  		}
  
  		mseg++;
  		if (mseg != seg)
  			*mseg = *seg;
  	}
  #endif
  
  	kdebug("Mapped Object [%s]:", what);
  	kdebug("- elfhdr   : %lx", params->elfhdr_addr);
  	kdebug("- entry    : %lx", params->entry_addr);
  	kdebug("- PHDR[]   : %lx", params->ph_addr);
  	kdebug("- DYNAMIC[]: %lx", params->dynamic_addr);
  	seg = loadmap->segs;
  	for (loop = 0; loop < loadmap->nsegs; loop++, seg++)
  		kdebug("- LOAD[%d] : %08x-%08x [va=%x ms=%x]",
  		       loop,
  		       seg->addr, seg->addr + seg->p_memsz - 1,
  		       seg->p_vaddr, seg->p_memsz);
  
  	return 0;

  dynamic_error:

  	printk("ELF FDPIC %s with invalid DYNAMIC section (inode=%lu)
  ",

  	       what, file->f_path.dentry->d_inode->i_ino);

  	return -ELIBBAD;

  }

  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  /*
   * map a file with constant displacement under uClinux
   */
  #ifndef CONFIG_MMU

  static int elf_fdpic_map_file_constdisp_on_uclinux(
  	struct elf_fdpic_params *params,
  	struct file *file,
  	struct mm_struct *mm)

  {
  	struct elf32_fdpic_loadseg *seg;
  	struct elf32_phdr *phdr;
  	unsigned long load_addr, base = ULONG_MAX, top = 0, maddr = 0, mflags;
  	loff_t fpos;
  	int loop, ret;
  
  	load_addr = params->load_addr;
  	seg = params->loadmap->segs;

  	/* determine the bounds of the contiguous overall allocation we must
  	 * make */

  	phdr = params->phdrs;
  	for (loop = 0; loop < params->hdr.e_phnum; loop++, phdr++) {
  		if (params->phdrs[loop].p_type != PT_LOAD)
  			continue;
  
  		if (base > phdr->p_vaddr)
  			base = phdr->p_vaddr;
  		if (top < phdr->p_vaddr + phdr->p_memsz)
  			top = phdr->p_vaddr + phdr->p_memsz;
  	}
  
  	/* allocate one big anon block for everything */
  	mflags = MAP_PRIVATE;
  	if (params->flags & ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_EXECUTABLE)
  		mflags |= MAP_EXECUTABLE;
  
  	down_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
  	maddr = do_mmap(NULL, load_addr, top - base,
  			PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE | PROT_EXEC, mflags, 0);
  	up_write(&mm->mmap_sem);

  	if (IS_ERR_VALUE(maddr))

  		return (int) maddr;
  
  	if (load_addr != 0)
  		load_addr += PAGE_ALIGN(top - base);
  
  	/* and then load the file segments into it */
  	phdr = params->phdrs;
  	for (loop = 0; loop < params->hdr.e_phnum; loop++, phdr++) {
  		if (params->phdrs[loop].p_type != PT_LOAD)
  			continue;
  
  		fpos = phdr->p_offset;
  
  		seg->addr = maddr + (phdr->p_vaddr - base);
  		seg->p_vaddr = phdr->p_vaddr;
  		seg->p_memsz = phdr->p_memsz;

  		ret = file->f_op->read(file, (void *) seg->addr,
  				       phdr->p_filesz, &fpos);

  		if (ret < 0)
  			return ret;
  
  		/* map the ELF header address if in this segment */
  		if (phdr->p_offset == 0)
  			params->elfhdr_addr = seg->addr;
  
  		/* clear any space allocated but not loaded */
  		if (phdr->p_filesz < phdr->p_memsz)
  			clear_user((void *) (seg->addr + phdr->p_filesz),
  				   phdr->p_memsz - phdr->p_filesz);
  
  		if (mm) {
  			if (phdr->p_flags & PF_X) {

  				if (!mm->start_code) {
  					mm->start_code = seg->addr;
  					mm->end_code = seg->addr +
  						phdr->p_memsz;
  				}

  			} else if (!mm->start_data) {

  				mm->start_data = seg->addr;
  #ifndef CONFIG_MMU
  				mm->end_data = seg->addr + phdr->p_memsz;
  #endif
  			}
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
  			if (seg->addr + phdr->p_memsz > mm->end_data)
  				mm->end_data = seg->addr + phdr->p_memsz;
  #endif
  		}
  
  		seg++;
  	}
  
  	return 0;

  }

  #endif
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  /*
   * map a binary by direct mmap() of the individual PT_LOAD segments
   */
  static int elf_fdpic_map_file_by_direct_mmap(struct elf_fdpic_params *params,
  					     struct file *file,
  					     struct mm_struct *mm)
  {
  	struct elf32_fdpic_loadseg *seg;
  	struct elf32_phdr *phdr;
  	unsigned long load_addr, delta_vaddr;
  	int loop, dvset;
  
  	load_addr = params->load_addr;
  	delta_vaddr = 0;
  	dvset = 0;
  
  	seg = params->loadmap->segs;
  
  	/* deal with each load segment separately */
  	phdr = params->phdrs;
  	for (loop = 0; loop < params->hdr.e_phnum; loop++, phdr++) {
  		unsigned long maddr, disp, excess, excess1;
  		int prot = 0, flags;
  
  		if (phdr->p_type != PT_LOAD)
  			continue;
  
  		kdebug("[LOAD] va=%lx of=%lx fs=%lx ms=%lx",
  		       (unsigned long) phdr->p_vaddr,
  		       (unsigned long) phdr->p_offset,
  		       (unsigned long) phdr->p_filesz,
  		       (unsigned long) phdr->p_memsz);
  
  		/* determine the mapping parameters */
  		if (phdr->p_flags & PF_R) prot |= PROT_READ;
  		if (phdr->p_flags & PF_W) prot |= PROT_WRITE;
  		if (phdr->p_flags & PF_X) prot |= PROT_EXEC;
  
  		flags = MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_DENYWRITE;
  		if (params->flags & ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_EXECUTABLE)
  			flags |= MAP_EXECUTABLE;
  
  		maddr = 0;
  
  		switch (params->flags & ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_ARRANGEMENT) {
  		case ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_INDEPENDENT:
  			/* PT_LOADs are independently locatable */
  			break;
  
  		case ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_HONOURVADDR:
  			/* the specified virtual address must be honoured */
  			maddr = phdr->p_vaddr;
  			flags |= MAP_FIXED;
  			break;
  
  		case ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_CONSTDISP:
  			/* constant displacement

  			 * - can be mapped anywhere, but must be mapped as a
  			 *   unit

  			 */
  			if (!dvset) {
  				maddr = load_addr;
  				delta_vaddr = phdr->p_vaddr;
  				dvset = 1;

  			} else {

  				maddr = load_addr + phdr->p_vaddr - delta_vaddr;
  				flags |= MAP_FIXED;
  			}
  			break;
  
  		case ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_CONTIGUOUS:
  			/* contiguity handled later */
  			break;
  
  		default:
  			BUG();
  		}
  
  		maddr &= PAGE_MASK;
  
  		/* create the mapping */
  		disp = phdr->p_vaddr & ~PAGE_MASK;
  		down_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
  		maddr = do_mmap(file, maddr, phdr->p_memsz + disp, prot, flags,
  				phdr->p_offset - disp);
  		up_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
  
  		kdebug("mmap[%d] <file> sz=%lx pr=%x fl=%x of=%lx --> %08lx",

  		       loop, phdr->p_memsz + disp, prot, flags,
  		       phdr->p_offset - disp, maddr);

  		if (IS_ERR_VALUE(maddr))

  			return (int) maddr;

  		if ((params->flags & ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_ARRANGEMENT) ==
  		    ELF_FDPIC_FLAG_CONTIGUOUS)

  			load_addr += PAGE_ALIGN(phdr->p_memsz + disp);
  
  		seg->addr = maddr + disp;
  		seg->p_vaddr = phdr->p_vaddr;
  		seg->p_memsz = phdr->p_memsz;
  
  		/* map the ELF header address if in this segment */
  		if (phdr->p_offset == 0)
  			params->elfhdr_addr = seg->addr;

  		/* clear the bit between beginning of mapping and beginning of
  		 * PT_LOAD */

  		if (prot & PROT_WRITE && disp > 0) {
  			kdebug("clear[%d] ad=%lx sz=%lx", loop, maddr, disp);

  			clear_user((void __user *) maddr, disp);

  			maddr += disp;
  		}
  
  		/* clear any space allocated but not loaded
  		 * - on uClinux we can just clear the lot
  		 * - on MMU linux we'll get a SIGBUS beyond the last page
  		 *   extant in the file
  		 */
  		excess = phdr->p_memsz - phdr->p_filesz;
  		excess1 = PAGE_SIZE - ((maddr + phdr->p_filesz) & ~PAGE_MASK);
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_MMU

  		if (excess > excess1) {
  			unsigned long xaddr = maddr + phdr->p_filesz + excess1;
  			unsigned long xmaddr;
  
  			flags |= MAP_FIXED | MAP_ANONYMOUS;
  			down_write(&mm->mmap_sem);

  			xmaddr = do_mmap(NULL, xaddr, excess - excess1,
  					 prot, flags, 0);

  			up_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
  
  			kdebug("mmap[%d] <anon>"
  			       " ad=%lx sz=%lx pr=%x fl=%x of=0 --> %08lx",

  			       loop, xaddr, excess - excess1, prot, flags,
  			       xmaddr);

  
  			if (xmaddr != xaddr)
  				return -ENOMEM;
  		}
  
  		if (prot & PROT_WRITE && excess1 > 0) {
  			kdebug("clear[%d] ad=%lx sz=%lx",
  			       loop, maddr + phdr->p_filesz, excess1);

  			clear_user((void __user *) maddr + phdr->p_filesz,
  				   excess1);

  		}
  
  #else
  		if (excess > 0) {
  			kdebug("clear[%d] ad=%lx sz=%lx",
  			       loop, maddr + phdr->p_filesz, excess);
  			clear_user((void *) maddr + phdr->p_filesz, excess);
  		}
  #endif
  
  		if (mm) {
  			if (phdr->p_flags & PF_X) {

  				if (!mm->start_code) {
  					mm->start_code = maddr;
  					mm->end_code = maddr + phdr->p_memsz;
  				}

  			} else if (!mm->start_data) {

  				mm->start_data = maddr;
  				mm->end_data = maddr + phdr->p_memsz;
  			}
  		}
  
  		seg++;
  	}
  
  	return 0;

  }

  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  /*
   * ELF-FDPIC core dumper
   *
   * Modelled on fs/exec.c:aout_core_dump()
   * Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@sw.oz.au>
   *
   * Modelled on fs/binfmt_elf.c core dumper
   */
  #if defined(USE_ELF_CORE_DUMP) && defined(CONFIG_ELF_CORE)
  
  /*
   * These are the only things you should do on a core-file: use only these
   * functions to write out all the necessary info.
   */
  static int dump_write(struct file *file, const void *addr, int nr)
  {
  	return file->f_op->write(file, addr, nr, &file->f_pos) == nr;
  }
  
  static int dump_seek(struct file *file, loff_t off)
  {
  	if (file->f_op->llseek) {
  		if (file->f_op->llseek(file, off, SEEK_SET) != off)
  			return 0;
  	} else {
  		file->f_pos = off;
  	}
  	return 1;
  }
  
  /*
   * Decide whether a segment is worth dumping; default is yes to be
   * sure (missing info is worse than too much; etc).
   * Personally I'd include everything, and use the coredump limit...
   *
   * I think we should skip something. But I am not sure how. H.J.
   */

  static int maydump(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long mm_flags)

  {

  	int dump_ok;

  	/* Do not dump I/O mapped devices or special mappings */
  	if (vma->vm_flags & (VM_IO | VM_RESERVED)) {
  		kdcore("%08lx: %08lx: no (IO)", vma->vm_start, vma->vm_flags);
  		return 0;
  	}
  
  	/* If we may not read the contents, don't allow us to dump
  	 * them either. "dump_write()" can't handle it anyway.
  	 */
  	if (!(vma->vm_flags & VM_READ)) {
  		kdcore("%08lx: %08lx: no (!read)", vma->vm_start, vma->vm_flags);
  		return 0;
  	}

  	/* By default, dump shared memory if mapped from an anonymous file. */

  	if (vma->vm_flags & VM_SHARED) {

  		if (vma->vm_file->f_path.dentry->d_inode->i_nlink == 0) {

  			dump_ok = test_bit(MMF_DUMP_ANON_SHARED, &mm_flags);
  			kdcore("%08lx: %08lx: %s (share)", vma->vm_start,
  			       vma->vm_flags, dump_ok ? "yes" : "no");
  			return dump_ok;

  		}

  		dump_ok = test_bit(MMF_DUMP_MAPPED_SHARED, &mm_flags);
  		kdcore("%08lx: %08lx: %s (share)", vma->vm_start,
  		       vma->vm_flags, dump_ok ? "yes" : "no");
  		return dump_ok;

  	}
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_MMU

  	/* By default, if it hasn't been written to, don't write it out */

  	if (!vma->anon_vma) {

  		dump_ok = test_bit(MMF_DUMP_MAPPED_PRIVATE, &mm_flags);
  		kdcore("%08lx: %08lx: %s (!anon)", vma->vm_start,
  		       vma->vm_flags, dump_ok ? "yes" : "no");
  		return dump_ok;

  	}
  #endif

  	dump_ok = test_bit(MMF_DUMP_ANON_PRIVATE, &mm_flags);
  	kdcore("%08lx: %08lx: %s", vma->vm_start, vma->vm_flags,
  	       dump_ok ? "yes" : "no");
  	return dump_ok;

  }
  
  /* An ELF note in memory */
  struct memelfnote
  {
  	const char *name;
  	int type;
  	unsigned int datasz;
  	void *data;
  };
  
  static int notesize(struct memelfnote *en)
  {
  	int sz;
  
  	sz = sizeof(struct elf_note);
  	sz += roundup(strlen(en->name) + 1, 4);
  	sz += roundup(en->datasz, 4);
  
  	return sz;
  }
  
  /* #define DEBUG */
  
  #define DUMP_WRITE(addr, nr)	\
  	do { if (!dump_write(file, (addr), (nr))) return 0; } while(0)
  #define DUMP_SEEK(off)	\
  	do { if (!dump_seek(file, (off))) return 0; } while(0)
  
  static int writenote(struct memelfnote *men, struct file *file)
  {
  	struct elf_note en;
  
  	en.n_namesz = strlen(men->name) + 1;
  	en.n_descsz = men->datasz;
  	en.n_type = men->type;
  
  	DUMP_WRITE(&en, sizeof(en));
  	DUMP_WRITE(men->name, en.n_namesz);
  	/* XXX - cast from long long to long to avoid need for libgcc.a */
  	DUMP_SEEK(roundup((unsigned long)file->f_pos, 4));	/* XXX */
  	DUMP_WRITE(men->data, men->datasz);
  	DUMP_SEEK(roundup((unsigned long)file->f_pos, 4));	/* XXX */
  
  	return 1;
  }
  #undef DUMP_WRITE
  #undef DUMP_SEEK
  
  #define DUMP_WRITE(addr, nr)	\
  	if ((size += (nr)) > limit || !dump_write(file, (addr), (nr))) \
  		goto end_coredump;
  #define DUMP_SEEK(off)	\
  	if (!dump_seek(file, (off))) \
  		goto end_coredump;
  
  static inline void fill_elf_fdpic_header(struct elfhdr *elf, int segs)
  {
  	memcpy(elf->e_ident, ELFMAG, SELFMAG);
  	elf->e_ident[EI_CLASS] = ELF_CLASS;
  	elf->e_ident[EI_DATA] = ELF_DATA;
  	elf->e_ident[EI_VERSION] = EV_CURRENT;
  	elf->e_ident[EI_OSABI] = ELF_OSABI;
  	memset(elf->e_ident+EI_PAD, 0, EI_NIDENT-EI_PAD);
  
  	elf->e_type = ET_CORE;
  	elf->e_machine = ELF_ARCH;
  	elf->e_version = EV_CURRENT;
  	elf->e_entry = 0;
  	elf->e_phoff = sizeof(struct elfhdr);
  	elf->e_shoff = 0;
  	elf->e_flags = ELF_FDPIC_CORE_EFLAGS;
  	elf->e_ehsize = sizeof(struct elfhdr);
  	elf->e_phentsize = sizeof(struct elf_phdr);
  	elf->e_phnum = segs;
  	elf->e_shentsize = 0;
  	elf->e_shnum = 0;
  	elf->e_shstrndx = 0;
  	return;
  }
  
  static inline void fill_elf_note_phdr(struct elf_phdr *phdr, int sz, loff_t offset)
  {
  	phdr->p_type = PT_NOTE;
  	phdr->p_offset = offset;
  	phdr->p_vaddr = 0;
  	phdr->p_paddr = 0;
  	phdr->p_filesz = sz;
  	phdr->p_memsz = 0;
  	phdr->p_flags = 0;
  	phdr->p_align = 0;
  	return;
  }
  
  static inline void fill_note(struct memelfnote *note, const char *name, int type,
  		unsigned int sz, void *data)
  {
  	note->name = name;
  	note->type = type;
  	note->datasz = sz;
  	note->data = data;
  	return;
  }
  
  /*
   * fill up all the fields in prstatus from the given task struct, except
   * registers which need to be filled up seperately.
   */
  static void fill_prstatus(struct elf_prstatus *prstatus,
  			  struct task_struct *p, long signr)
  {
  	prstatus->pr_info.si_signo = prstatus->pr_cursig = signr;
  	prstatus->pr_sigpend = p->pending.signal.sig[0];
  	prstatus->pr_sighold = p->blocked.sig[0];

  	prstatus->pr_pid = task_pid_vnr(p);
  	prstatus->pr_ppid = task_pid_vnr(p->parent);
  	prstatus->pr_pgrp = task_pgrp_vnr(p);
  	prstatus->pr_sid = task_session_vnr(p);

  	if (thread_group_leader(p)) {
  		/*
  		 * This is the record for the group leader.  Add in the
  		 * cumulative times of previous dead threads.  This total
  		 * won't include the time of each live thread whose state
  		 * is included in the core dump.  The final total reported
  		 * to our parent process when it calls wait4 will include
  		 * those sums as well as the little bit more time it takes
  		 * this and each other thread to finish dying after the
  		 * core dump synchronization phase.
  		 */
  		cputime_to_timeval(cputime_add(p->utime, p->signal->utime),
  				   &prstatus->pr_utime);
  		cputime_to_timeval(cputime_add(p->stime, p->signal->stime),
  				   &prstatus->pr_stime);
  	} else {
  		cputime_to_timeval(p->utime, &prstatus->pr_utime);
  		cputime_to_timeval(p->stime, &prstatus->pr_stime);
  	}
  	cputime_to_timeval(p->signal->cutime, &prstatus->pr_cutime);
  	cputime_to_timeval(p->signal->cstime, &prstatus->pr_cstime);
  
  	prstatus->pr_exec_fdpic_loadmap = p->mm->context.exec_fdpic_loadmap;
  	prstatus->pr_interp_fdpic_loadmap = p->mm->context.interp_fdpic_loadmap;
  }
  
  static int fill_psinfo(struct elf_prpsinfo *psinfo, struct task_struct *p,
  		       struct mm_struct *mm)
  {
  	unsigned int i, len;
  
  	/* first copy the parameters from user space */
  	memset(psinfo, 0, sizeof(struct elf_prpsinfo));
  
  	len = mm->arg_end - mm->arg_start;
  	if (len >= ELF_PRARGSZ)
  		len = ELF_PRARGSZ - 1;
  	if (copy_from_user(&psinfo->pr_psargs,
  		           (const char __user *) mm->arg_start, len))
  		return -EFAULT;
  	for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
  		if (psinfo->pr_psargs[i] == 0)
  			psinfo->pr_psargs[i] = ' ';
  	psinfo->pr_psargs[len] = 0;

  	psinfo->pr_pid = task_pid_vnr(p);
  	psinfo->pr_ppid = task_pid_vnr(p->parent);
  	psinfo->pr_pgrp = task_pgrp_vnr(p);
  	psinfo->pr_sid = task_session_vnr(p);

  
  	i = p->state ? ffz(~p->state) + 1 : 0;
  	psinfo->pr_state = i;
  	psinfo->pr_sname = (i > 5) ? '.' : "RSDTZW"[i];
  	psinfo->pr_zomb = psinfo->pr_sname == 'Z';
  	psinfo->pr_nice = task_nice(p);
  	psinfo->pr_flag = p->flags;
  	SET_UID(psinfo->pr_uid, p->uid);
  	SET_GID(psinfo->pr_gid, p->gid);
  	strncpy(psinfo->pr_fname, p->comm, sizeof(psinfo->pr_fname));
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  /* Here is the structure in which status of each thread is captured. */
  struct elf_thread_status
  {
  	struct list_head list;
  	struct elf_prstatus prstatus;	/* NT_PRSTATUS */
  	elf_fpregset_t fpu;		/* NT_PRFPREG */
  	struct task_struct *thread;
  #ifdef ELF_CORE_COPY_XFPREGS

  	elf_fpxregset_t xfpu;		/* ELF_CORE_XFPREG_TYPE */

  #endif
  	struct memelfnote notes[3];
  	int num_notes;
  };
  
  /*
   * In order to add the specific thread information for the elf file format,
   * we need to keep a linked list of every thread's pr_status and then create
   * a single section for them in the final core file.
   */
  static int elf_dump_thread_status(long signr, struct elf_thread_status *t)
  {
  	struct task_struct *p = t->thread;
  	int sz = 0;
  
  	t->num_notes = 0;
  
  	fill_prstatus(&t->prstatus, p, signr);
  	elf_core_copy_task_regs(p, &t->prstatus.pr_reg);
  
  	fill_note(&t->notes[0], "CORE", NT_PRSTATUS, sizeof(t->prstatus),
  		  &t->prstatus);
  	t->num_notes++;
  	sz += notesize(&t->notes[0]);
  
  	t->prstatus.pr_fpvalid = elf_core_copy_task_fpregs(p, NULL, &t->fpu);
  	if (t->prstatus.pr_fpvalid) {
  		fill_note(&t->notes[1], "CORE", NT_PRFPREG, sizeof(t->fpu),
  			  &t->fpu);
  		t->num_notes++;
  		sz += notesize(&t->notes[1]);
  	}
  
  #ifdef ELF_CORE_COPY_XFPREGS
  	if (elf_core_copy_task_xfpregs(p, &t->xfpu)) {

  		fill_note(&t->notes[2], "LINUX", ELF_CORE_XFPREG_TYPE,
  			  sizeof(t->xfpu), &t->xfpu);

  		t->num_notes++;
  		sz += notesize(&t->notes[2]);
  	}
  #endif
  	return sz;
  }
  
  /*
   * dump the segments for an MMU process
   */
  #ifdef CONFIG_MMU

  static int elf_fdpic_dump_segments(struct file *file, size_t *size,

  			   unsigned long *limit, unsigned long mm_flags)

  {
  	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
  
  	for (vma = current->mm->mmap; vma; vma = vma->vm_next) {
  		unsigned long addr;

  		if (!maydump(vma, mm_flags))

  			continue;
  
  		for (addr = vma->vm_start;
  		     addr < vma->vm_end;
  		     addr += PAGE_SIZE
  		     ) {
  			struct vm_area_struct *vma;
  			struct page *page;
  
  			if (get_user_pages(current, current->mm, addr, 1, 0, 1,
  					   &page, &vma) <= 0) {
  				DUMP_SEEK(file->f_pos + PAGE_SIZE);
  			}

  			else if (page == ZERO_PAGE(0)) {

  				page_cache_release(page);

  				DUMP_SEEK(file->f_pos + PAGE_SIZE);

  			}
  			else {
  				void *kaddr;
  
  				flush_cache_page(vma, addr, page_to_pfn(page));
  				kaddr = kmap(page);
  				if ((*size += PAGE_SIZE) > *limit ||
  				    !dump_write(file, kaddr, PAGE_SIZE)
  				    ) {
  					kunmap(page);
  					page_cache_release(page);
  					return -EIO;
  				}
  				kunmap(page);
  				page_cache_release(page);
  			}
  		}
  	}
  
  	return 0;
  
  end_coredump:
  	return -EFBIG;
  }
  #endif
  
  /*
   * dump the segments for a NOMMU process
   */
  #ifndef CONFIG_MMU

  static int elf_fdpic_dump_segments(struct file *file, size_t *size,

  			   unsigned long *limit, unsigned long mm_flags)

  {
  	struct vm_list_struct *vml;
  
  	for (vml = current->mm->context.vmlist; vml; vml = vml->next) {
  	struct vm_area_struct *vma = vml->vma;

  		if (!maydump(vma, mm_flags))

  			continue;
  
  		if ((*size += PAGE_SIZE) > *limit)
  			return -EFBIG;
  
  		if (!dump_write(file, (void *) vma->vm_start,
  				vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start))
  			return -EIO;
  	}
  
  	return 0;
  }
  #endif
  
  /*
   * Actual dumper
   *
   * This is a two-pass process; first we find the offsets of the bits,
   * and then they are actually written out.  If we run out of core limit
   * we just truncate.
   */
  static int elf_fdpic_core_dump(long signr, struct pt_regs *regs,

  			       struct file *file, unsigned long limit)

  {
  #define	NUM_NOTES	6
  	int has_dumped = 0;
  	mm_segment_t fs;
  	int segs;
  	size_t size = 0;
  	int i;
  	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
  	struct elfhdr *elf = NULL;
  	loff_t offset = 0, dataoff;

  	int numnote;
  	struct memelfnote *notes = NULL;
  	struct elf_prstatus *prstatus = NULL;	/* NT_PRSTATUS */
  	struct elf_prpsinfo *psinfo = NULL;	/* NT_PRPSINFO */

   	LIST_HEAD(thread_list);
   	struct list_head *t;
  	elf_fpregset_t *fpu = NULL;
  #ifdef ELF_CORE_COPY_XFPREGS
  	elf_fpxregset_t *xfpu = NULL;
  #endif
  	int thread_status_size = 0;
  #ifndef CONFIG_MMU
  	struct vm_list_struct *vml;
  #endif
  	elf_addr_t *auxv;

  	unsigned long mm_flags;

  
  	/*
  	 * We no longer stop all VM operations.
  	 *
  	 * This is because those proceses that could possibly change map_count
  	 * or the mmap / vma pages are now blocked in do_exit on current
  	 * finishing this core dump.
  	 *
  	 * Only ptrace can touch these memory addresses, but it doesn't change
  	 * the map_count or the pages allocated. So no possibility of crashing
  	 * exists while dumping the mm->vm_next areas to the core file.
  	 */
  
  	/* alloc memory for large data structures: too large to be on stack */
  	elf = kmalloc(sizeof(*elf), GFP_KERNEL);
  	if (!elf)
  		goto cleanup;
  	prstatus = kzalloc(sizeof(*prstatus), GFP_KERNEL);
  	if (!prstatus)
  		goto cleanup;
  	psinfo = kmalloc(sizeof(*psinfo), GFP_KERNEL);
  	if (!psinfo)
  		goto cleanup;
  	notes = kmalloc(NUM_NOTES * sizeof(struct memelfnote), GFP_KERNEL);
  	if (!notes)
  		goto cleanup;
  	fpu = kmalloc(sizeof(*fpu), GFP_KERNEL);
  	if (!fpu)
  		goto cleanup;
  #ifdef ELF_CORE_COPY_XFPREGS
  	xfpu = kmalloc(sizeof(*xfpu), GFP_KERNEL);
  	if (!xfpu)
  		goto cleanup;
  #endif
  
  	if (signr) {

  		struct core_thread *ct;

  		struct elf_thread_status *tmp;

  
  		for (ct = current->mm->core_state->dumper.next;
  						ct; ct = ct->next) {
  			tmp = kzalloc(sizeof(*tmp), GFP_KERNEL);
  			if (!tmp)
  				goto cleanup;
  
  			tmp->thread = ct->task;
  			list_add(&tmp->list, &thread_list);
  		}

  		list_for_each(t, &thread_list) {
  			struct elf_thread_status *tmp;
  			int sz;
  
  			tmp = list_entry(t, struct elf_thread_status, list);
  			sz = elf_dump_thread_status(signr, tmp);
  			thread_status_size += sz;
  		}
  	}
  
  	/* now collect the dump for the current */
  	fill_prstatus(prstatus, current, signr);
  	elf_core_copy_regs(&prstatus->pr_reg, regs);
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
  	segs = current->mm->map_count;
  #else
  	segs = 0;
  	for (vml = current->mm->context.vmlist; vml; vml = vml->next)
  	    segs++;
  #endif
  #ifdef ELF_CORE_EXTRA_PHDRS
  	segs += ELF_CORE_EXTRA_PHDRS;
  #endif
  
  	/* Set up header */
  	fill_elf_fdpic_header(elf, segs + 1);	/* including notes section */
  
  	has_dumped = 1;
  	current->flags |= PF_DUMPCORE;
  
  	/*
  	 * Set up the notes in similar form to SVR4 core dumps made
  	 * with info from their /proc.
  	 */
  
  	fill_note(notes + 0, "CORE", NT_PRSTATUS, sizeof(*prstatus), prstatus);
  	fill_psinfo(psinfo, current->group_leader, current->mm);
  	fill_note(notes + 1, "CORE", NT_PRPSINFO, sizeof(*psinfo), psinfo);
  
  	numnote = 2;
  
  	auxv = (elf_addr_t *) current->mm->saved_auxv;
  
  	i = 0;
  	do
  		i += 2;
  	while (auxv[i - 2] != AT_NULL);
  	fill_note(&notes[numnote++], "CORE", NT_AUXV,
  		  i * sizeof(elf_addr_t), auxv);
  
    	/* Try to dump the FPU. */
  	if ((prstatus->pr_fpvalid =
  	     elf_core_copy_task_fpregs(current, regs, fpu)))
  		fill_note(notes + numnote++,
  			  "CORE", NT_PRFPREG, sizeof(*fpu), fpu);
  #ifdef ELF_CORE_COPY_XFPREGS
  	if (elf_core_copy_task_xfpregs(current, xfpu))
  		fill_note(notes + numnote++,

  			  "LINUX", ELF_CORE_XFPREG_TYPE, sizeof(*xfpu), xfpu);

  #endif
  
  	fs = get_fs();
  	set_fs(KERNEL_DS);
  
  	DUMP_WRITE(elf, sizeof(*elf));
  	offset += sizeof(*elf);				/* Elf header */
  	offset += (segs+1) * sizeof(struct elf_phdr);	/* Program headers */
  
  	/* Write notes phdr entry */
  	{
  		struct elf_phdr phdr;
  		int sz = 0;
  
  		for (i = 0; i < numnote; i++)
  			sz += notesize(notes + i);
  
  		sz += thread_status_size;
  
  		fill_elf_note_phdr(&phdr, sz, offset);
  		offset += sz;
  		DUMP_WRITE(&phdr, sizeof(phdr));
  	}
  
  	/* Page-align dumped data */
  	dataoff = offset = roundup(offset, ELF_EXEC_PAGESIZE);

  	/*
  	 * We must use the same mm->flags while dumping core to avoid
  	 * inconsistency between the program headers and bodies, otherwise an
  	 * unusable core file can be generated.
  	 */
  	mm_flags = current->mm->flags;

  	/* write program headers for segments dump */
  	for (
  #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
  		vma = current->mm->mmap; vma; vma = vma->vm_next
  #else
  			vml = current->mm->context.vmlist; vml; vml = vml->next
  #endif
  	     ) {
  		struct elf_phdr phdr;
  		size_t sz;
  
  #ifndef CONFIG_MMU
  		vma = vml->vma;
  #endif
  
  		sz = vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start;
  
  		phdr.p_type = PT_LOAD;
  		phdr.p_offset = offset;
  		phdr.p_vaddr = vma->vm_start;
  		phdr.p_paddr = 0;

  		phdr.p_filesz = maydump(vma, mm_flags) ? sz : 0;

  		phdr.p_memsz = sz;
  		offset += phdr.p_filesz;
  		phdr.p_flags = vma->vm_flags & VM_READ ? PF_R : 0;
  		if (vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE)
  			phdr.p_flags |= PF_W;
  		if (vma->vm_flags & VM_EXEC)
  			phdr.p_flags |= PF_X;
  		phdr.p_align = ELF_EXEC_PAGESIZE;
  
  		DUMP_WRITE(&phdr, sizeof(phdr));
  	}
  
  #ifdef ELF_CORE_WRITE_EXTRA_PHDRS
  	ELF_CORE_WRITE_EXTRA_PHDRS;
  #endif
  
   	/* write out the notes section */
  	for (i = 0; i < numnote; i++)
  		if (!writenote(notes + i, file))
  			goto end_coredump;
  
  	/* write out the thread status notes section */
  	list_for_each(t, &thread_list) {
  		struct elf_thread_status *tmp =
  				list_entry(t, struct elf_thread_status, list);
  
  		for (i = 0; i < tmp->num_notes; i++)
  			if (!writenote(&tmp->notes[i], file))
  				goto end_coredump;
  	}
  
  	DUMP_SEEK(dataoff);

  	if (elf_fdpic_dump_segments(file, &size, &limit, mm_flags) < 0)

  		goto end_coredump;
  
  #ifdef ELF_CORE_WRITE_EXTRA_DATA
  	ELF_CORE_WRITE_EXTRA_DATA;
  #endif
  
  	if (file->f_pos != offset) {
  		/* Sanity check */
  		printk(KERN_WARNING
  		       "elf_core_dump: file->f_pos (%lld) != offset (%lld)
  ",
  		       file->f_pos, offset);
  	}
  
  end_coredump:
  	set_fs(fs);
  
  cleanup:
  	while (!list_empty(&thread_list)) {
  		struct list_head *tmp = thread_list.next;
  		list_del(tmp);
  		kfree(list_entry(tmp, struct elf_thread_status, list));
  	}
  
  	kfree(elf);
  	kfree(prstatus);
  	kfree(psinfo);
  	kfree(notes);
  	kfree(fpu);
  #ifdef ELF_CORE_COPY_XFPREGS
  	kfree(xfpu);
  #endif
  	return has_dumped;
  #undef NUM_NOTES
  }
  
  #endif		/* USE_ELF_CORE_DUMP */