Merge tag 'docs-for-linus' of git://git.lwn.net/linux-2.6

Pull documentation updates from Jonathan Corbet: "Numerous fixes, the overdue removal of the i2o docs, some new Chinese translations, and, hopefully, the README fix that will end the flow of identical patches to that file" * tag 'docs-for-linus' of git://git.lwn.net/linux-2.6: (34 commits) Documentation/memcg: update memcg/kmem status Documentation: blackfin: Makefile: Typo building issue Documentation/vm/pagemap.txt: correct location of page-types tool Documentation/memory-barriers.txt: typo fix doc: Add guest_nice column to example output of `cat /proc/stat' Documentation/kernel-parameters: Move "eagerfpu" to its right place Documentation: gpio: Update ACPI part of the document to mention _DSD docs/completion.txt: Various tweaks and corrections doc: completion: context, scope and language fixes Documentation:Update Documentation/zh_CN/arm64/memory.txt Documentation:Update Documentation/zh_CN/arm64/booting.txt Documentation: Chinese translation of arm64/legacy_instructions.txt DocBook media: fix broken EIA hyperlink Documentation: tweak the maintainers entry README: Change gzip/bzip2 to xz compression format README: Update version number reference doc:pci: Fix typo in Documentation/PCI Documentation: drm: Use '->' when describing access through pointers. Documentation: Remove mentioning of block barriers Documentation/email-clients.txt: Fix one grammar mistake, add extra info about TB ...

Merge tag 'docs-for-linus' of git://git.lwn.net/linux-2.6
Pull documentation updates from Jonathan Corbet: "Numerous fixes, the overdue removal of the i2o docs, some new Chinese translations, and, hopefully, the README fix that will end the flow of identical patches to that file" * tag 'docs-for-linus' of git://git.lwn.net/linux-2.6: (34 commits) Documentation/memcg: update memcg/kmem status Documentation: blackfin: Makefile: Typo building issue Documentation/vm/pagemap.txt: correct location of page-types tool Documentation/memory-barriers.txt: typo fix doc: Add guest_nice column to example output of `cat /proc/stat' Documentation/kernel-parameters: Move "eagerfpu" to its right place Documentation: gpio: Update ACPI part of the document to mention _DSD docs/completion.txt: Various tweaks and corrections doc: completion: context, scope and language fixes Documentation:Update Documentation/zh_CN/arm64/memory.txt Documentation:Update Documentation/zh_CN/arm64/booting.txt Documentation: Chinese translation of arm64/legacy_instructions.txt DocBook media: fix broken EIA hyperlink Documentation: tweak the maintainers entry README: Change gzip/bzip2 to xz compression format README: Update version number reference doc:pci: Fix typo in Documentation/PCI Documentation: drm: Use '->' when describing access through pointers. Documentation: Remove mentioning of block barriers Documentation/email-clients.txt: Fix one grammar mistake, add extra info about TB ...
Linus Torvalds
2 parents 1f5014d6a7 197175427a
Showing 40 changed files Side-by-side Diff
Documentation/CodingStyle
Documentation/DocBook/drm.tmpl
Documentation/DocBook/media/v4l/biblio.xml
Documentation/DocBook/media/v4l/dev-sliced-vbi.xml
Documentation/DocBook/media/v4l/vidioc-g-sliced-vbi-cap.xml
Documentation/PCI/MSI-HOWTO.txt
Documentation/PCI/pci-error-recovery.txt
Documentation/PCI/pcieaer-howto.txt
Documentation/arm/Booting
Documentation/arm/README
Documentation/blackfin/Makefile
Documentation/block/biodoc.txt
Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt
Documentation/email-clients.txt
Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt
Documentation/gpio/board.txt
Documentation/i2o/README
Documentation/i2o/ioctl
Documentation/input/alps.txt
Documentation/input/event-codes.txt
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 Anyway, here goes:
  
  
-	 	Chapter 1: Indentation
+		Chapter 1: Indentation
  
 Tabs are 8 characters, and thus indentations are also 8 characters.
 There are heretic movements that try to make indentations 4 (or even 2!)
@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@
 		break;
 	}
  
-
 Don't put multiple statements on a single line unless you have
 something to hide:
  
  
  
@@ -156,25 +155,25 @@
  
 Do not unnecessarily use braces where a single statement will do.
  
-if (condition)
-	action();
+	if (condition)
+		action();
  
 and
  
-if (condition)
-	do_this();
-else
-	do_that();
+	if (condition)
+		do_this();
+	else
+		do_that();
  
 This does not apply if only one branch of a conditional statement is a single
 statement; in the latter case use braces in both branches:
  
-if (condition) {
-	do_this();
-	do_that();
-} else {
-	otherwise();
-}
+	if (condition) {
+		do_this();
+		do_that();
+	} else {
+		otherwise();
+	}
  
 		3.1:  Spaces
  
  
  
@@ -186,8 +185,11 @@
 "struct fileinfo info;" is declared).
  
 So use a space after these keywords:
+
 	if, switch, case, for, do, while
+
 but not with sizeof, typeof, alignof, or __attribute__.  E.g.,
+
 	s = sizeof(struct file);
  
 Do not add spaces around (inside) parenthesized expressions.  This example is
  
  
@@ -209,12 +211,15 @@
 	=  +  -  <  >  *  /  %  |  &  ^  <=  >=  ==  !=  ?  :
  
 but no space after unary operators:
+
 	&  *  +  -  ~  !  sizeof  typeof  alignof  __attribute__  defined
  
 no space before the postfix increment & decrement unary operators:
+
 	++  --
  
 no space after the prefix increment & decrement unary operators:
+
 	++  --
  
 and no space around the '.' and "->" structure member operators.
  
@@ -268,13 +273,11 @@
 		Chapter 5: Typedefs
  
 Please don't use things like "vps_t".
-
 It's a _mistake_ to use typedef for structures and pointers. When you see a
  
 	vps_t a;
  
 in the source, what does it mean?
-
 In contrast, if it says
  
 	struct virtual_container *a;
@@ -372,11 +375,11 @@
 exported, the EXPORT* macro for it should follow immediately after the closing
 function brace line.  E.g.:
  
-int system_is_up(void)
-{
-	return system_state == SYSTEM_RUNNING;
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(system_is_up);
+	int system_is_up(void)
+	{
+		return system_state == SYSTEM_RUNNING;
+	}
+	EXPORT_SYMBOL(system_is_up);
  
 In function prototypes, include parameter names with their data types.
 Although this is not required by the C language, it is preferred in Linux
  
  
  
  
  
@@ -405,34 +408,34 @@
     modifications are prevented
 - saves the compiler work to optimize redundant code away ;)
  
-int fun(int a)
-{
-	int result = 0;
-	char *buffer;
+	int fun(int a)
+	{
+		int result = 0;
+		char *buffer;
  
-	buffer = kmalloc(SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (!buffer)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+		buffer = kmalloc(SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!buffer)
+			return -ENOMEM;
  
-	if (condition1) {
-		while (loop1) {
-			...
+		if (condition1) {
+			while (loop1) {
+				...
+			}
+			result = 1;
+			goto out_buffer;
 		}
-		result = 1;
-		goto out_buffer;
+		...
+	out_buffer:
+		kfree(buffer);
+		return result;
 	}
-	...
-out_buffer:
-	kfree(buffer);
-	return result;
-}
  
 A common type of bug to be aware of it "one err bugs" which look like this:
  
-err:
-	kfree(foo->bar);
-	kfree(foo);
-	return ret;
+	err:
+		kfree(foo->bar);
+		kfree(foo);
+		return ret;
  
 The bug in this code is that on some exit paths "foo" is NULL.  Normally the
 fix for this is to split it up into two error labels "err_bar:" and "err_foo:".
@@ -503,9 +506,9 @@
 (defun c-lineup-arglist-tabs-only (ignored)
   "Line up argument lists by tabs, not spaces"
   (let* ((anchor (c-langelem-pos c-syntactic-element))
-	 (column (c-langelem-2nd-pos c-syntactic-element))
-	 (offset (- (1+ column) anchor))
-	 (steps (floor offset c-basic-offset)))
+         (column (c-langelem-2nd-pos c-syntactic-element))
+         (offset (- (1+ column) anchor))
+         (steps (floor offset c-basic-offset)))
     (* (max steps 1)
        c-basic-offset)))
  
@@ -612,7 +615,7 @@
  
 Names of macros defining constants and labels in enums are capitalized.
  
-#define CONSTANT 0x12345
+	#define CONSTANT 0x12345
  
 Enums are preferred when defining several related constants.
  
  
  
@@ -623,28 +626,28 @@
  
 Macros with multiple statements should be enclosed in a do - while block:
  
-#define macrofun(a, b, c) 			\
-	do {					\
-		if (a == 5)			\
-			do_this(b, c);		\
-	} while (0)
+	#define macrofun(a, b, c) 			\
+		do {					\
+			if (a == 5)			\
+				do_this(b, c);		\
+		} while (0)
  
 Things to avoid when using macros:
  
 1) macros that affect control flow:
  
-#define FOO(x)					\
-	do {					\
-		if (blah(x) < 0)		\
-			return -EBUGGERED;	\
-	} while(0)
+	#define FOO(x)					\
+		do {					\
+			if (blah(x) < 0)		\
+				return -EBUGGERED;	\
+		} while(0)
  
 is a _very_ bad idea.  It looks like a function call but exits the "calling"
 function; don't break the internal parsers of those who will read the code.
  
 2) macros that depend on having a local variable with a magic name:
  
-#define FOO(val) bar(index, val)
+	#define FOO(val) bar(index, val)
  
 might look like a good thing, but it's confusing as hell when one reads the
 code and it's prone to breakage from seemingly innocent changes.
@@ -656,8 +659,8 @@
 must enclose the expression in parentheses. Beware of similar issues with
 macros using parameters.
  
-#define CONSTANT 0x4000
-#define CONSTEXP (CONSTANT | 3)
+	#define CONSTANT 0x4000
+	#define CONSTEXP (CONSTANT | 3)
  
 5) namespace collisions when defining local variables in macros resembling
 functions:
  
@@ -809,11 +812,11 @@
 For example, if you need to calculate the length of an array, take advantage
 of the macro
  
-  #define ARRAY_SIZE(x) (sizeof(x) / sizeof((x)[0]))
+	#define ARRAY_SIZE(x) (sizeof(x) / sizeof((x)[0]))
  
 Similarly, if you need to calculate the size of some structure member, use
  
-  #define FIELD_SIZEOF(t, f) (sizeof(((t*)0)->f))
+	#define FIELD_SIZEOF(t, f) (sizeof(((t*)0)->f))
  
 There are also min() and max() macros that do strict type checking if you
 need them.  Feel free to peruse that header file to see what else is already
  
  
@@ -826,19 +829,19 @@
 indicated with special markers.  For example, emacs interprets lines marked
 like this:
  
--*- mode: c -*-
+	-*- mode: c -*-
  
 Or like this:
  
-/*
-Local Variables:
-compile-command: "gcc -DMAGIC_DEBUG_FLAG foo.c"
-End:
-*/
+	/*
+	Local Variables:
+	compile-command: "gcc -DMAGIC_DEBUG_FLAG foo.c"
+	End:
+	*/
  
 Vim interprets markers that look like this:
  
-/* vim:set sw=8 noet */
+	/* vim:set sw=8 noet */
  
 Do not include any of these in source files.  People have their own personal
 editor configurations, and your source files should not override them.  This
@@ -915,9 +918,9 @@
 place a comment after the #endif on the same line, noting the conditional
 expression used.  For instance:
  
-#ifdef CONFIG_SOMETHING
-...
-#endif /* CONFIG_SOMETHING */
+	#ifdef CONFIG_SOMETHING
+	...
+	#endif /* CONFIG_SOMETHING */
  
  
 		Appendix I: References
@@ -1293,7 +1293,7 @@
           </para>
           <para>
             If a page flip can be successfully scheduled the driver must set the
-            <code>drm_crtc-&lt;fb</code> field to the new framebuffer pointed to
+            <code>drm_crtc-&gt;fb</code> field to the new framebuffer pointed to
             by <code>fb</code>. This is important so that the reference counting
             on framebuffers stays balanced.
           </para>
   <bibliography>
     <title>References</title>
  
-    <biblioentry id="eia608">
-      <abbrev>EIA&nbsp;608-B</abbrev>
+    <biblioentry id="cea608">
+      <abbrev>CEA&nbsp;608-E</abbrev>
       <authorgroup>
-	<corpauthor>Electronic Industries Alliance (<ulink
-url="http://www.eia.org">http://www.eia.org</ulink>)</corpauthor>
+	<corpauthor>Consumer Electronics Association (<ulink
+url="http://www.ce.org">http://www.ce.org</ulink>)</corpauthor>
       </authorgroup>
-      <title>EIA 608-B "Recommended Practice for Line 21 Data
-Service"</title>
+      <title>CEA-608-E R-2014 "Line 21 Data Services"</title>
     </biblioentry>
  
     <biblioentry id="en300294">
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@
 	  <row>
 	    <entry><constant>V4L2_SLICED_CAPTION_525</constant></entry>
 	    <entry>0x1000</entry>
-	    <entry><xref linkend="eia608" /></entry>
+	    <entry><xref linkend="cea608" /></entry>
 	    <entry>NTSC line 21, 284 (second field 21)</entry>
 	    <entry>Two bytes in transmission order, including parity
 bit, lsb first transmitted.</entry>
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@
 	  <row>
 	    <entry><constant>V4L2_SLICED_CAPTION_525</constant></entry>
 	    <entry>0x1000</entry>
-	    <entry><xref linkend="eia608" /></entry>
+	    <entry><xref linkend="cea608" /></entry>
 	    <entry>NTSC line 21, 284 (second field 21)</entry>
 	    <entry>Two bytes in transmission order, including parity
 bit, lsb first transmitted.</entry>
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@
 	rc = pci_enable_msix_range(adapter->pdev, adapter->msix_entries,
 				   maxvec, maxvec);
 	/*
-	 * -ENOSPC is the only error code allowed to be analized
+	 * -ENOSPC is the only error code allowed to be analyzed
 	 */
 	if (rc == -ENOSPC) {
 		if (maxvec == 1)
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@
 	return rc;
 }
  
-Note how pci_enable_msix_range() return value is analized for a fallback -
+Note how pci_enable_msix_range() return value is analyzed for a fallback -
 any error code other than -ENOSPC indicates a fatal error and should not
 be retried.
  
@@ -486,7 +486,7 @@
 If your device supports both MSI-X and MSI capabilities, you should use
 the MSI-X facilities in preference to the MSI facilities.  As mentioned
 above, MSI-X supports any number of interrupts between 1 and 2048.
-In constrast, MSI is restricted to a maximum of 32 interrupts (and
+In contrast, MSI is restricted to a maximum of 32 interrupts (and
 must be a power of two).  In addition, the MSI interrupt vectors must
 be allocated consecutively, so the system might not be able to allocate
 as many vectors for MSI as it could for MSI-X.  On some platforms, MSI
@@ -501,18 +501,9 @@
 not be re-entered).  If a device uses multiple interrupts, the driver
 must disable interrupts while the lock is held.  If the device sends
 a different interrupt, the driver will deadlock trying to recursively
-acquire the spinlock.
-
-There are two solutions.  The first is to take the lock with
-spin_lock_irqsave() or spin_lock_irq() (see
-Documentation/DocBook/kernel-locking).  The second is to specify
-IRQF_DISABLED to request_irq() so that the kernel runs the entire
-interrupt routine with interrupts disabled.
-
-If your MSI interrupt routine does not hold the lock for the whole time
-it is running, the first solution may be best.  The second solution is
-normally preferred as it avoids making two transitions from interrupt
-disabled to enabled and back again.
+acquire the spinlock.  Such deadlocks can be avoided by using
+spin_lock_irqsave() or spin_lock_irq() which disable local interrupts
+and acquire the lock (see Documentation/DocBook/kernel-locking).
  
 4.6 How to tell whether MSI/MSI-X is enabled on a device
  
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@
 ------------------
  
 In response to a return value of PCI_ERS_RESULT_NEED_RESET, the
-the platform will peform a slot reset on the requesting PCI device(s). 
+the platform will perform a slot reset on the requesting PCI device(s). 
 The actual steps taken by a platform to perform a slot reset
 will be platform-dependent. Upon completion of slot reset, the
 platform will call the device slot_reset() callback.
@@ -66,8 +66,8 @@
 source ID. nosourceid=n by default.
  
 2.3 AER error output
-When a PCI-E AER error is captured, an error message will be outputed to
-console. If it's a correctable error, it is outputed as a warning.
+When a PCI-E AER error is captured, an error message will be outputted to
+console. If it's a correctable error, it is outputted as a warning.
 Otherwise, it is printed as an error. So users could choose different
 log level to filter out correctable error messages.
  
@@ -58,13 +58,18 @@
 --------------------------
  
 Existing boot loaders:		OPTIONAL
-New boot loaders:		MANDATORY
+New boot loaders:		MANDATORY except for DT-only platforms
  
 The boot loader should detect the machine type its running on by some
 method.  Whether this is a hard coded value or some algorithm that
 looks at the connected hardware is beyond the scope of this document.
 The boot loader must ultimately be able to provide a MACH_TYPE_xxx
-value to the kernel. (see linux/arch/arm/tools/mach-types).
+value to the kernel. (see linux/arch/arm/tools/mach-types).  This
+should be passed to the kernel in register r1.
+
+For DT-only platforms, the machine type will be determined by device
+tree.  set the machine type to all ones (~0).  This is not strictly
+necessary, but assures that it will not match any existing types.
  
 4. Setup boot data
 ------------------
@@ -185,13 +185,20 @@
   board devices are used, or the device is setup, and provides that
   machine specific "personality."
  
-  This fine-grained machine specific selection is controlled by the machine
-  type ID, which acts both as a run-time and a compile-time code selection
-  method.
+  For platforms that support device tree (DT), the machine selection is
+  controlled at runtime by passing the device tree blob to the kernel.  At
+  compile-time, support for the machine type must be selected.  This allows for
+  a single multiplatform kernel build to be used for several machine types.
  
-  You can register a new machine via the web site at:
+  For platforms that do not use device tree, this machine selection is
+  controlled by the machine type ID, which acts both as a run-time and a
+  compile-time code selection method.  You can register a new machine via the
+  web site at:
  
     <http://www.arm.linux.org.uk/developer/machines/>
+
+  Note: Please do not register a machine type for DT-only platforms.  If your
+  platform is DT-only, you do not need a registered machine type.
  
 ---
 Russell King (15/03/2004)
 ifneq ($(CONFIG_BLACKFIN),)
-ifneq ($(CONFIG_BFIN_GPTIMERS,)
+ifneq ($(CONFIG_BFIN_GPTIMERS),)
 obj-m := gptimers-example.o
 endif
 endif
@@ -48,8 +48,7 @@
 	- Highmem I/O support
 	- I/O scheduler modularization
   1.2 Tuning based on high level requirements/capabilities
-	1.2.1 I/O Barriers
-	1.2.2 Request Priority/Latency
+	1.2.1 Request Priority/Latency
   1.3 Direct access/bypass to lower layers for diagnostics and special
       device operations
 	1.3.1 Pre-built commands
  
  
@@ -255,30 +254,13 @@
 What kind of support exists at the generic block layer for this ?
  
 The flags and rw fields in the bio structure can be used for some tuning
-from above e.g indicating that an i/o is just a readahead request, or for
-marking  barrier requests (discussed next), or priority settings (currently
-unused). As far as user applications are concerned they would need an
-additional mechanism either via open flags or ioctls, or some other upper
-level mechanism to communicate such settings to block.
+from above e.g indicating that an i/o is just a readahead request, or priority
+settings (currently unused). As far as user applications are concerned they
+would need an additional mechanism either via open flags or ioctls, or some
+other upper level mechanism to communicate such settings to block.
  
-1.2.1 I/O Barriers
+1.2.1 Request Priority/Latency
  
-There is a way to enforce strict ordering for i/os through barriers.
-All requests before a barrier point must be serviced before the barrier
-request and any other requests arriving after the barrier will not be
-serviced until after the barrier has completed. This is useful for higher
-level control on write ordering, e.g flushing a log of committed updates
-to disk before the corresponding updates themselves.
-
-A flag in the bio structure, BIO_BARRIER is used to identify a barrier i/o.
-The generic i/o scheduler would make sure that it places the barrier request and
-all other requests coming after it after all the previous requests in the
-queue. Barriers may be implemented in different ways depending on the
-driver. For more details regarding I/O barriers, please read barrier.txt
-in this directory.
-
-1.2.2 Request Priority/Latency
-
 Todo/Under discussion:
 Arjan's proposed request priority scheme allows higher levels some broad
   control (high/med/low) over the priority  of an i/o request vs other pending
@@ -906,8 +888,8 @@
 to refer to both parts and I/O scheduler to specific I/O schedulers.
  
 Block layer implements generic dispatch queue in block/*.c.
-The generic dispatch queue is responsible for properly ordering barrier
-requests, requeueing, handling non-fs requests and all other subtleties.
+The generic dispatch queue is responsible for requeueing, handling non-fs
+requests and all other subtleties.
  
 Specific I/O schedulers are responsible for ordering normal filesystem
 requests.  They can also choose to delay certain requests to improve
@@ -275,11 +275,6 @@
  
 2.7 Kernel Memory Extension (CONFIG_MEMCG_KMEM)
  
-WARNING: Current implementation lacks reclaim support. That means allocation
-	 attempts will fail when close to the limit even if there are plenty of
-	 kmem available for reclaim. That makes this option unusable in real
-	 life so DO NOT SELECT IT unless for development purposes.
-
 With the Kernel memory extension, the Memory Controller is able to limit
 the amount of kernel memory used by the system. Kernel memory is fundamentally
 different than user memory, since it can't be swapped out, which makes it
@@ -345,6 +340,9 @@
     In this case, the admin could set up K so that the sum of all groups is
     never greater than the total memory, and freely set U at the cost of his
     QoS.
+    WARNING: In the current implementation, memory reclaim will NOT be
+    triggered for a cgroup when it hits K while staying below U, which makes
+    this setup impractical.
  
     U != 0, K >= U:
     Since kmem charges will also be fed to the user counter and reclaim will be
@@ -211,13 +211,22 @@
 Thunderbird is an Outlook clone that likes to mangle text, but there are ways
 to coerce it into behaving.
  
-- Allows use of an external editor:
+- Allow use of an external editor:
   The easiest thing to do with Thunderbird and patches is to use an
   "external editor" extension and then just use your favorite $EDITOR
   for reading/merging patches into the body text.  To do this, download
   and install the extension, then add a button for it using
   View->Toolbars->Customize... and finally just click on it when in the
   Compose dialog.
+
+  Please note that "external editor" requires that your editor must not
+  fork, or in other words, the editor must not return before closing. 
+  You may have to pass additional flags or change the settings of your
+  editor. Most notably if you are using gvim then you must pass the -f
+  option to gvim by putting "/usr/bin/gvim -f" (if the binary is in
+  /usr/bin) to the text editor field in "external editor" settings. If you
+  are using some other editor then please read its manual to find out how
+  to do this.
  
 To beat some sense out of the internal editor, do this:
  
@@ -1260,9 +1260,9 @@
 since the system first booted.  For a quick look, simply cat the file:
  
   > cat /proc/stat
-  cpu  2255 34 2290 22625563 6290 127 456 0 0
-  cpu0 1132 34 1441 11311718 3675 127 438 0 0
-  cpu1 1123 0 849 11313845 2614 0 18 0 0
+  cpu  2255 34 2290 22625563 6290 127 456 0 0 0
+  cpu0 1132 34 1441 11311718 3675 127 438 0 0 0
+  cpu1 1123 0 849 11313845 2614 0 18 0 0 0
   intr 114930548 113199788 3 0 5 263 0 4 [... lots more numbers ...]
   ctxt 1990473
   btime 1062191376
@@ -50,10 +50,43 @@
  
 ACPI
 ----
-ACPI does not support function names for GPIOs. Therefore, only the "idx"
-argument of gpiod_get_index() is useful to discriminate between GPIOs assigned
-to a device. The "con_id" argument can still be set for debugging purposes (it
-will appear under error messages as well as debug and sysfs nodes).
+ACPI also supports function names for GPIOs in a similar fashion to DT.
+The above DT example can be converted to an equivalent ACPI description
+with the help of _DSD (Device Specific Data), introduced in ACPI 5.1:
+
+	Device (FOO) {
+		Name (_CRS, ResourceTemplate () {
+			GpioIo (Exclusive, ..., IoRestrictionOutputOnly,
+				"\\_SB.GPI0") {15} // red
+			GpioIo (Exclusive, ..., IoRestrictionOutputOnly,
+				"\\_SB.GPI0") {16} // green
+			GpioIo (Exclusive, ..., IoRestrictionOutputOnly,
+				"\\_SB.GPI0") {17} // blue
+			GpioIo (Exclusive, ..., IoRestrictionOutputOnly,
+				"\\_SB.GPI0") {1} // power
+		})
+
+		Name (_DSD, Package () {
+			ToUUID("daffd814-6eba-4d8c-8a91-bc9bbf4aa301"),
+			Package () {
+				Package () {
+					"led-gpios",
+					Package () {
+						^FOO, 0, 0, 1,
+						^FOO, 1, 0, 1,
+						^FOO, 2, 0, 1,
+					}
+				},
+				Package () {
+					"power-gpios",
+					Package () {^FOO, 3, 0, 0},
+				},
+			}
+		})
+	}
+
+For more information about the ACPI GPIO bindings see
+Documentation/acpi/gpio-properties.txt.
  
 Platform Data
 -------------
-
-	Linux I2O Support	(c) Copyright 1999 Red Hat Software
-					and others.
-
-	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
-	modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
-	as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
-	2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
-
-AUTHORS (so far)
-
-Alan Cox, Building Number Three Ltd.
-	Core code, SCSI and Block OSMs
-
-Steve Ralston, LSI Logic Corp.
-	Debugging SCSI and Block OSM
-
-Deepak Saxena, Intel Corp.
-	Various core/block extensions
-	/proc interface, bug fixes
-	Ioctl interfaces for control
-	Debugging LAN OSM
-
-Philip Rumpf
-	Fixed assorted dumb SMP locking bugs
-
-Juha Sievanen, University of Helsinki Finland
-	LAN OSM code
-	/proc interface to LAN class
-	Bug fixes
-	Core code extensions
-
-Auvo Häkkinen, University of Helsinki Finland
-	LAN OSM code
-	/Proc interface to LAN class
-	Bug fixes
-	Core code extensions
-
-Taneli Vähäkangas, University of Helsinki Finland
-	Fixes to i2o_config
-
-CREDITS
-
-	This work was made possible by
-
-Red Hat Software
-	Funding for the Building #3 part of the project
-
-Symbios Logic (Now LSI)
-	Host adapters, hints, known to work platforms when I hit
-	compatibility problems
-
-BoxHill Corporation
-	Loan of initial FibreChannel disk array used for development work.
-
-European Commission
-	Funding the work done by the University of Helsinki
-
-SysKonnect
-        Loan of FDDI and Gigabit Ethernet cards
-
-ASUSTeK
-        Loan of I2O motherboard
-
-Linux I2O User Space Interface
-rev 0.3 - 04/20/99
-
-=============================================================================
-Originally written by Deepak Saxena(deepak@plexity.net)
-Currently maintained by Deepak Saxena(deepak@plexity.net)
-=============================================================================
-
-I. Introduction
-
-The Linux I2O subsystem provides a set of ioctl() commands that can be
-utilized by user space applications to communicate with IOPs and devices
-on individual IOPs. This document defines the specific ioctl() commands
-that are available to the user and provides examples of their uses.
-
-This document assumes the reader is familiar with or has access to the
-I2O specification as no I2O message parameters are outlined.  For information
-on the specification, see http://www.i2osig.org
-
-This document and the I2O user space interface are currently maintained
-by Deepak Saxena.  Please send all comments, errata, and bug fixes to
-deepak@csociety.purdue.edu
-
-II. IOP Access
-
-Access to the I2O subsystem is provided through the device file named
-/dev/i2o/ctl.  This file is a character file with major number 10 and minor
-number 166.  It can be created through the following command:
-
-   mknod /dev/i2o/ctl c 10 166
-
-III. Determining the IOP Count
-
-   SYNOPSIS
-
-   ioctl(fd, I2OGETIOPS,  int *count);
-
-   u8 count[MAX_I2O_CONTROLLERS];
-
-   DESCRIPTION
-
-   This function returns the system's active IOP table.  count should
-   point to a buffer containing MAX_I2O_CONTROLLERS entries.  Upon
-   returning, each entry will contain a non-zero value if the given
-   IOP unit is active, and NULL if it is inactive or non-existent.
-
-   RETURN VALUE.
-
-   Returns 0 if no errors occur, and -1 otherwise.  If an error occurs,
-   errno is set appropriately:
-
-     EFAULT   Invalid user space pointer was passed
-
-IV. Getting Hardware Resource Table
-
-   SYNOPSIS
-
-   ioctl(fd, I2OHRTGET, struct i2o_cmd_hrt *hrt);
-
-      struct i2o_cmd_hrtlct
-      {
-         u32   iop;      /* IOP unit number */
-         void  *resbuf;  /* Buffer for result */
-         u32   *reslen;  /* Buffer length in bytes */
-      };
-
-   DESCRIPTION
-
-   This function returns the Hardware Resource Table of the IOP specified
-   by hrt->iop in the buffer pointed to by hrt->resbuf. The actual size of
-   the data is written into *(hrt->reslen).
-
-   RETURNS
-
-   This function returns 0 if no errors occur. If an error occurs, -1
-   is returned and errno is set appropriately:
-
-      EFAULT      Invalid user space pointer was passed
-      ENXIO       Invalid IOP number
-      ENOBUFS     Buffer not large enough.  If this occurs, the required
-                  buffer length is written into *(hrt->reslen)
-
-V. Getting Logical Configuration Table
-
-   SYNOPSIS
-
-   ioctl(fd, I2OLCTGET, struct i2o_cmd_lct *lct);
-
-      struct i2o_cmd_hrtlct
-      {
-         u32   iop;      /* IOP unit number */
-         void  *resbuf;  /* Buffer for result */
-         u32   *reslen;  /* Buffer length in bytes */
-      };
-
-   DESCRIPTION
-
-   This function returns the Logical Configuration Table of the IOP specified
-   by lct->iop in the buffer pointed to by lct->resbuf. The actual size of
-   the data is written into *(lct->reslen).
-
-   RETURNS
-
-   This function returns 0 if no errors occur. If an error occurs, -1
-   is returned and errno is set appropriately:
-
-      EFAULT      Invalid user space pointer was passed
-      ENXIO       Invalid IOP number
-      ENOBUFS     Buffer not large enough.  If this occurs, the required
-                  buffer length is written into *(lct->reslen)
-
-VI. Setting Parameters
-
-   SYNOPSIS
-
-   ioctl(fd, I2OPARMSET, struct i2o_parm_setget *ops);
-
-      struct i2o_cmd_psetget
-      {
-         u32   iop;      /* IOP unit number */
-         u32   tid;      /* Target device TID */
-         void  *opbuf;   /* Operation List buffer */
-         u32   oplen;    /* Operation List buffer length in bytes */
-         void  *resbuf;  /* Result List buffer */
-         u32   *reslen;  /* Result List buffer length in bytes */
-      };
-
-   DESCRIPTION
-
-   This function posts a UtilParamsSet message to the device identified
-   by ops->iop and ops->tid.  The operation list for the message is
-   sent through the ops->opbuf buffer, and the result list is written
-   into the buffer pointed to by ops->resbuf.  The number of bytes
-   written is placed into *(ops->reslen).
-
-   RETURNS
-
-   The return value is the size in bytes of the data written into
-   ops->resbuf if no errors occur.  If an error occurs, -1 is returned
-   and errno is set appropriately:
-
-      EFAULT      Invalid user space pointer was passed
-      ENXIO       Invalid IOP number
-      ENOBUFS     Buffer not large enough.  If this occurs, the required
-                  buffer length is written into *(ops->reslen)
-      ETIMEDOUT   Timeout waiting for reply message
-      ENOMEM      Kernel memory allocation error
-
-   A return value of 0 does not mean that the value was actually
-   changed properly on the IOP.  The user should check the result
-   list to determine the specific status of the transaction.
-
-VII. Getting Parameters
-
-   SYNOPSIS
-
-   ioctl(fd, I2OPARMGET, struct i2o_parm_setget *ops);
-
-      struct i2o_parm_setget
-      {
-         u32   iop;      /* IOP unit number */
-         u32   tid;      /* Target device TID */
-         void  *opbuf;   /* Operation List buffer */
-         u32   oplen;    /* Operation List buffer length in bytes */
-         void  *resbuf;  /* Result List buffer */
-         u32   *reslen;  /* Result List buffer length in bytes */
-      };
-
-   DESCRIPTION
-
-   This function posts a UtilParamsGet message to the device identified
-   by ops->iop and ops->tid.  The operation list for the message is
-   sent through the ops->opbuf buffer, and the result list is written
-   into the buffer pointed to by ops->resbuf.  The actual size of data
-   written is placed into *(ops->reslen).
-
-   RETURNS
-
-      EFAULT      Invalid user space pointer was passed
-      ENXIO       Invalid IOP number
-      ENOBUFS     Buffer not large enough.  If this occurs, the required
-                  buffer length is written into *(ops->reslen)
-      ETIMEDOUT   Timeout waiting for reply message
-      ENOMEM      Kernel memory allocation error
-
-   A return value of 0 does not mean that the value was actually
-   properly retrieved.  The user should check the result list
-   to determine the specific status of the transaction.
-
-VIII. Downloading Software
-
-   SYNOPSIS
-
-   ioctl(fd, I2OSWDL, struct i2o_sw_xfer *sw);
-
-      struct i2o_sw_xfer
-      {
-         u32   iop;       /* IOP unit number */
-         u8    flags;     /* DownloadFlags field */
-         u8    sw_type;   /* Software type */
-         u32   sw_id;     /* Software ID */
-         void  *buf;      /* Pointer to software buffer */
-         u32   *swlen;    /* Length of software buffer */
-         u32   *maxfrag;  /* Number of fragments */
-         u32   *curfrag;  /* Current fragment number */
-      };
-
-   DESCRIPTION
-
-   This function downloads a software fragment pointed by sw->buf
-   to the iop identified by sw->iop. The DownloadFlags, SwID, SwType
-   and SwSize fields of the ExecSwDownload message are filled in with
-   the values of sw->flags, sw->sw_id, sw->sw_type and *(sw->swlen).
-
-   The fragments _must_ be sent in order and be 8K in size. The last
-   fragment _may_ be shorter, however. The kernel will compute its
-   size based on information in the sw->swlen field.
-
-   Please note that SW transfers can take a long time.
-
-   RETURNS
-
-   This function returns 0 no errors occur. If an error occurs, -1
-   is returned and errno is set appropriately:
-
-      EFAULT      Invalid user space pointer was passed
-      ENXIO       Invalid IOP number
-      ETIMEDOUT   Timeout waiting for reply message
-      ENOMEM      Kernel memory allocation error
-
-IX. Uploading Software
-
-   SYNOPSIS
-
-   ioctl(fd, I2OSWUL, struct i2o_sw_xfer *sw);
-
-      struct i2o_sw_xfer
-      {
-         u32   iop;      /* IOP unit number */
-         u8    flags; 	 /* UploadFlags */
-         u8    sw_type;  /* Software type */
-         u32   sw_id;    /* Software ID */
-         void  *buf;     /* Pointer to software buffer */
-         u32   *swlen;   /* Length of software buffer */
-         u32   *maxfrag; /* Number of fragments */
-         u32   *curfrag; /* Current fragment number */
-      };
-
-   DESCRIPTION
-
-   This function uploads a software fragment from the IOP identified
-   by sw->iop, sw->sw_type, sw->sw_id and optionally sw->swlen fields.
-   The UploadFlags, SwID, SwType and SwSize fields of the ExecSwUpload
-   message are filled in with the values of sw->flags, sw->sw_id,
-   sw->sw_type and *(sw->swlen).
-
-   The fragments _must_ be requested in order and be 8K in size. The
-   user is responsible for allocating memory pointed by sw->buf. The
-   last fragment _may_ be shorter.
-
-   Please note that SW transfers can take a long time.
-
-   RETURNS
-
-   This function returns 0 if no errors occur.  If an error occurs, -1
-   is returned and errno is set appropriately:
-
-      EFAULT      Invalid user space pointer was passed
-      ENXIO       Invalid IOP number
-      ETIMEDOUT   Timeout waiting for reply message
-      ENOMEM      Kernel memory allocation error
-
-X. Removing Software
-
-   SYNOPSIS
-
-   ioctl(fd, I2OSWDEL, struct i2o_sw_xfer *sw);
-
-      struct i2o_sw_xfer
-      {
-         u32   iop;      /* IOP unit number */
-         u8    flags; 	 /* RemoveFlags */
-         u8    sw_type;  /* Software type */
-         u32   sw_id;    /* Software ID */
-         void  *buf;     /* Unused */
-         u32   *swlen;   /* Length of the software data */
-         u32   *maxfrag; /* Unused */
-         u32   *curfrag; /* Unused */
-      };
-
-   DESCRIPTION
-
-   This function removes software from the IOP identified by sw->iop.
-   The RemoveFlags, SwID, SwType and SwSize fields of the ExecSwRemove message
-   are filled in with the values of sw->flags, sw->sw_id, sw->sw_type and
-   *(sw->swlen). Give zero in *(sw->len) if the value is unknown. IOP uses
-   *(sw->swlen) value to verify correct identication of the module to remove.
-   The actual size of the module is written into *(sw->swlen).
-
-   RETURNS
-
-   This function returns 0 if no errors occur.  If an error occurs, -1
-   is returned and errno is set appropriately:
-
-      EFAULT      Invalid user space pointer was passed
-      ENXIO       Invalid IOP number
-      ETIMEDOUT   Timeout waiting for reply message
-      ENOMEM      Kernel memory allocation error
-
-X. Validating Configuration
-
-   SYNOPSIS
-
-   ioctl(fd, I2OVALIDATE, int *iop);
-	u32 iop;
-
-   DESCRIPTION
-
-   This function posts an ExecConfigValidate message to the controller
-   identified by iop. This message indicates that the current
-   configuration is accepted. The iop changes the status of suspect drivers
-   to valid and may delete old drivers from its store.
-
-   RETURNS
-
-   This function returns 0 if no erro occur.  If an error occurs, -1 is
-   returned and errno is set appropriately:
-
-      ETIMEDOUT   Timeout waiting for reply message
-      ENXIO       Invalid IOP number
-
-XI. Configuration Dialog
-
-   SYNOPSIS
-
-   ioctl(fd, I2OHTML, struct i2o_html *htquery);
-      struct i2o_html
-      {
-         u32   iop;      /* IOP unit number */
-         u32   tid;      /* Target device ID */
-         u32   page;     /* HTML page */
-         void  *resbuf;  /* Buffer for reply HTML page */
-         u32   *reslen;  /* Length in bytes of reply buffer */
-         void  *qbuf;    /* Pointer to HTTP query string */
-         u32   qlen;     /* Length in bytes of query string buffer */
-      };
-
-   DESCRIPTION
-
-   This function posts an UtilConfigDialog message to the device identified
-   by htquery->iop and htquery->tid.  The requested HTML page number is
-   provided by the htquery->page field, and the resultant data is stored
-   in the buffer pointed to by htquery->resbuf.  If there is an HTTP query
-   string that is to be sent to the device, it should be sent in the buffer
-   pointed to by htquery->qbuf.  If there is no query string, this field
-   should be set to NULL. The actual size of the reply received is written
-   into *(htquery->reslen).
-
-   RETURNS
-
-   This function returns 0 if no error occur. If an error occurs, -1
-   is returned and errno is set appropriately:
-
-      EFAULT      Invalid user space pointer was passed
-      ENXIO       Invalid IOP number
-      ENOBUFS     Buffer not large enough.  If this occurs, the required
-                  buffer length is written into *(ops->reslen)
-      ETIMEDOUT   Timeout waiting for reply message
-      ENOMEM      Kernel memory allocation error
-
-XII. Events
-
-    In the process of determining this.  Current idea is to have use
-    the select() interface to allow user apps to periodically poll
-    the /dev/i2o/ctl device for events.  When select() notifies the user
-    that an event is available, the user would call read() to retrieve
-    a list of all the events that are pending for the specific device.
-
-=============================================================================
-Revision History
-=============================================================================
-
-Rev 0.1 - 04/01/99
-- Initial revision
-
-Rev 0.2 - 04/06/99
-- Changed return values to match UNIX ioctl() standard.  Only return values
-  are 0 and -1.  All errors are reported through errno.
-- Added summary of proposed possible event interfaces
-
-Rev 0.3 - 04/20/99
-- Changed all ioctls() to use pointers to user data instead of actual data
-- Updated error values to match the code
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
 While in command mode, register addresses can be set by first sending a
 specific command, either EC for v3 devices or F5 for v4 devices. Then the
 address is sent one nibble at a time, where each nibble is encoded as a
-command with optional data. This enoding differs slightly between the v3 and
+command with optional data. This encoding differs slightly between the v3 and
 v4 protocols.
  
 Once an address has been set, the addressed register can be read by sending
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@
 ---------------------------------------
  
 ALPS protocol version 3 has three different packet formats. The first two are
-associated with touchpad events, and the third is associatd with trackstick
+associated with touchpad events, and the third is associated with trackstick
 events.
  
 The first type is the touchpad position packet.
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@
 EV_PWR:
 ----------
 EV_PWR events are a special type of event used specifically for power
-mangement. Its usage is not well defined. To be addressed later.
+management. Its usage is not well defined. To be addressed later.
  
 Device properties:
 =================
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 --------
  
 Example configuration for a single TS1003 tilt switch that rotates around
-one axis in 4 steps and emitts the current tilt via two GPIOs.
+one axis in 4 steps and emits the current tilt via two GPIOs.
  
 static int sg060_tilt_enable(struct device *dev) {
 	/* code to enable the sensors */
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@
 *** Attack and fade ***
 OP=  02
 LEN= 08
-00-01 Address where to store the parameteres
+00-01 Address where to store the parameters
 02-03 Duration of attack (little endian encoding, in ms)
 04 Level at end of attack. Signed byte.
 05-06 Duration of fade.
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@
 first ten nibbles.
  
 Next nibbles 12 .. 21 represents four channels (not all channels can be
-directly controlled from TX). Binary representations ar the same as in first
+directly controlled from TX). Binary representations are the same as in first
 four channels. In nibbles 22 and 23 is a special magic number. Nibble 24 is
 checksum for nibbles 12..23.
  
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@
   Format specifier
     '8' :  Generic 7 segment digit with individual addressable segments
  
-    Reduced capability 7 segm digit, when segments are hard wired together.
+    Reduced capability 7 segment digit, when segments are hard wired together.
     '1' : 2 segments digit only able to produce a 1.
     'e' : Most significant day of the month digit,
           able to produce at least 1 2 3.
@@ -928,6 +928,12 @@
 			Enable debug messages at boot time.  See
 			Documentation/dynamic-debug-howto.txt for details.
  
+	eagerfpu=	[X86]
+			on	enable eager fpu restore
+			off	disable eager fpu restore
+			auto	selects the default scheme, which automatically
+				enables eagerfpu restore for xsaveopt.
+
 	early_ioremap_debug [KNL]
 			Enable debug messages in early_ioremap support. This
 			is useful for tracking down temporary early mappings
@@ -2343,12 +2349,6 @@
 			in standard form of xsave area. By using this
 			parameter, xsave area per process might occupy more
 			memory on xsaves enabled systems.
-
-	eagerfpu=	[X86]
-			on	enable eager fpu restore
-			off	disable eager fpu restore
-			auto	selects the default scheme, which automatically
-				enables eagerfpu restore for xsaveopt.
  
 	nohlt		[BUGS=ARM,SH] Tells the kernel that the sleep(SH) or
 			wfi(ARM) instruction doesn't work correctly and not to
@@ -82,8 +82,8 @@
  
   o CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC=n
  
-	This option is located under "Kernel hacking" / "Debug page memory
-	allocations".
+	This option is located under "Kernel hacking" / "Memory Debugging"
+	 / "Debug page memory allocations".
  
 In addition, I highly recommend turning on CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO=y. This is also
 located under "Kernel hacking". With this, you will be able to get line number
@@ -305,8 +305,8 @@
 3. Configuring Kprobes
  
 When configuring the kernel using make menuconfig/xconfig/oldconfig,
-ensure that CONFIG_KPROBES is set to "y".  Under "Instrumentation
-Support", look for "Kprobes".
+ensure that CONFIG_KPROBES is set to "y". Under "General setup", look
+for "Kprobes".
  
 So that you can load and unload Kprobes-based instrumentation modules,
 make sure "Loadable module support" (CONFIG_MODULES) and "Module
@@ -1727,7 +1727,7 @@
 	}
  
      The dma_rmb() allows us guarantee the device has released ownership
-     before we read the data from the descriptor, and he dma_wmb() allows
+     before we read the data from the descriptor, and the dma_wmb() allows
      us to guarantee the data is written to the descriptor before the device
      can see it now has ownership.  The wmb() is needed to guarantee that the
      cache coherent memory writes have completed before attempting a write to
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@
 (0x100000000 / 1Gib = 4)
 This device covers address range [0x100000000 ... 0x140000000)
  
-Under each memory block, you can see 4 files:
+Under each memory block, you can see 5 files:
  
 /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryXXX/phys_index
 /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryXXX/phys_device
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
@@ -359,39 +359,52 @@
 --------------------------------
 8. Memory hotplug event notifier
 --------------------------------
-Memory hotplug has event notifier. There are 6 types of notification.
+Hotplugging events are sent to a notification queue.
  
-MEMORY_GOING_ONLINE
+There are six types of notification defined in include/linux/memory.h:
+
+MEM_GOING_ONLINE
   Generated before new memory becomes available in order to be able to
   prepare subsystems to handle memory. The page allocator is still unable
   to allocate from the new memory.
  
-MEMORY_CANCEL_ONLINE
+MEM_CANCEL_ONLINE
   Generated if MEMORY_GOING_ONLINE fails.
  
-MEMORY_ONLINE
+MEM_ONLINE
   Generated when memory has successfully brought online. The callback may
   allocate pages from the new memory.
  
-MEMORY_GOING_OFFLINE
+MEM_GOING_OFFLINE
   Generated to begin the process of offlining memory. Allocations are no
   longer possible from the memory but some of the memory to be offlined
   is still in use. The callback can be used to free memory known to a
   subsystem from the indicated memory block.
  
-MEMORY_CANCEL_OFFLINE
+MEM_CANCEL_OFFLINE
   Generated if MEMORY_GOING_OFFLINE fails. Memory is available again from
   the memory block that we attempted to offline.
  
-MEMORY_OFFLINE
+MEM_OFFLINE
   Generated after offlining memory is complete.
  
-A callback routine can be registered by
+A callback routine can be registered by calling
+
   hotplug_memory_notifier(callback_func, priority)
  
-The second argument of callback function (action) is event types of above.
-The third argument is passed by pointer of struct memory_notify.
+Callback functions with higher values of priority are called before callback
+functions with lower values.
  
+A callback function must have the following prototype:
+
+  int callback_func(
+    struct notifier_block *self, unsigned long action, void *arg);
+
+The first argument of the callback function (self) is a pointer to the block
+of the notifier chain that points to the callback function itself.
+The second argument (action) is one of the event types described above.
+The third argument (arg) passes a pointer of struct memory_notify.
+
 struct memory_notify {
        unsigned long start_pfn;
        unsigned long nr_pages;
@@ -411,6 +424,18 @@
 node loses all memory. If this is -1, then nodemask status is not changed.
 If status_changed_nid* >= 0, callback should create/discard structures for the
 node if necessary.
+
+The callback routine shall return one of the values
+NOTIFY_DONE, NOTIFY_OK, NOTIFY_BAD, NOTIFY_STOP
+defined in include/linux/notifier.h
+
+NOTIFY_DONE and NOTIFY_OK have no effect on the further processing.
+
+NOTIFY_BAD is used as response to the MEM_GOING_ONLINE, MEM_GOING_OFFLINE,
+MEM_ONLINE, or MEM_OFFLINE action to cancel hotplugging. It stops
+further processing of the notification queue.
+
+NOTIFY_STOP stops further processing of the notification queue.
  
 --------------
 9. Future Work
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@
 	lower ('l') or upper case ('L') hex characters - and big endian order
 	in lower ('b') or upper case ('B') hex characters.
  
-	Where no additional specifiers are used the default little endian
+	Where no additional specifiers are used the default big endian
 	order with lower case hex characters will be printed.
  
 	Passed by reference.
@@ -273,6 +273,16 @@
  
 	Passed by reference.
  
+bitmap and its derivatives such as cpumask and nodemask:
+
+	%*pb	0779
+	%*pbl	0,3-6,8-10
+
+	For printing bitmap and its derivatives such as cpumask and nodemask,
+	%*pb output the bitmap with field width as the number of bits and %*pbl
+	output the bitmap as range list with field width as the number of bits.
+
+	Passed by reference.
  
 Thank you for your cooperation and attention.
  
@@ -7,24 +7,24 @@
 -------------
  
 If you have one or more threads of execution that must wait for some process
-to have reached a point or a specific state, completions can provide a race
-free solution to this problem. Semantically they are somewhat like a
-pthread_barriers and have similar use-cases.
+to have reached a point or a specific state, completions can provide a
+race-free solution to this problem. Semantically they are somewhat like a
+pthread_barrier and have similar use-cases.
  
-Completions are a code synchronization mechanism that is preferable to any
+Completions are a code synchronization mechanism which is preferable to any
 misuse of locks. Any time you think of using yield() or some quirky
-msleep(1); loop to allow something else to proceed, you probably want to
+msleep(1) loop to allow something else to proceed, you probably want to
 look into using one of the wait_for_completion*() calls instead. The
-advantage of using completions is clear intent of the code but also more
+advantage of using completions is clear intent of the code, but also more
 efficient code as both threads can continue until the result is actually
 needed.
  
 Completions are built on top of the generic event infrastructure in Linux,
-with the event reduced to a simple flag appropriately called "done" in
-struct completion, that tells the waiting threads of execution if they
+with the event reduced to a simple flag (appropriately called "done") in
+struct completion that tells the waiting threads of execution if they
 can continue safely.
  
-As completions are scheduling related the code is found in
+As completions are scheduling related, the code is found in
 kernel/sched/completion.c - for details on completion design and
 implementation see completions-design.txt
  
  
@@ -32,9 +32,9 @@
 Usage:
 ------
  
-There are three parts to the using completions, the initialization of the
+There are three parts to using completions, the initialization of the
 struct completion, the waiting part through a call to one of the variants of
-wait_for_completion() and the signaling side through a call to complete(),
+wait_for_completion() and the signaling side through a call to complete()
 or complete_all(). Further there are some helper functions for checking the
 state of completions.
  
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
 providing the wait queue to place tasks on for waiting and the flag for
 indicating the state of affairs.
  
-Completions should be named to convey the intent of the waiter.  A good
+Completions should be named to convey the intent of the waiter. A good
 example is:
  
 	wait_for_completion(&early_console_added);
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@
  
 The re-initialization function, reinit_completion(), simply resets the
 done element to "not available", thus again to 0, without touching the
-wait queue. Calling init_completion() on the same completions object is
+wait queue. Calling init_completion() twice on the same completion object is
 most likely a bug as it re-initializes the queue to an empty queue and
 enqueued tasks could get "lost" - use reinit_completion() in that case.
  
  
  
@@ -87,11 +87,18 @@
 	DECLARE_COMPLETION_ONSTACK(setup_done)
  
 suitable for automatic/local variables on the stack and will make lockdep
-happy. Note also that one needs to making *sure* the completion passt to
+happy. Note also that one needs to make *sure* the completion passed to
 work threads remains in-scope, and no references remain to on-stack data
 when the initiating function returns.
  
+Using on-stack completions for code that calls any of the _timeout or
+_interruptible/_killable variants is not advisable as they will require
+additional synchronization to prevent the on-stack completion object in
+the timeout/signal cases from going out of scope. Consider using dynamically
+allocated completions when intending to use the _interruptible/_killable
+or _timeout variants of wait_for_completion().
  
+
 Waiting for completions:
 ------------------------
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
@@ -99,34 +106,38 @@
 calls wait_for_completion() on the initialized completion structure.
 A typical usage scenario is:
  
-	structure completion setup_done;
+	struct completion setup_done;
 	init_completion(&setup_done);
-	initialze_work(...,&setup_done,...)
+	initialize_work(...,&setup_done,...)
  
 	/* run non-dependent code */              /* do setup */
  
-	wait_for_completion(&seupt_done);         complete(setup_done)
+	wait_for_completion(&setup_done);         complete(setup_done)
  
-This is not implying any temporal order of wait_for_completion() and the
+This is not implying any temporal order on wait_for_completion() and the
 call to complete() - if the call to complete() happened before the call
 to wait_for_completion() then the waiting side simply will continue
-immediately as all dependencies are satisfied.
+immediately as all dependencies are satisfied if not it will block until
+completion is signaled by complete().
  
-Note that wait_for_completion() is calling spin_lock_irq/spin_unlock_irq
+Note that wait_for_completion() is calling spin_lock_irq()/spin_unlock_irq(),
 so it can only be called safely when you know that interrupts are enabled.
-Calling it from hard-irq context will result in hard to detect spurious
-enabling of interrupts.
+Calling it from hard-irq or irqs-off atomic contexts will result in
+hard-to-detect spurious enabling of interrupts.
  
 wait_for_completion():
  
 	void wait_for_completion(struct completion *done):
  
-The default behavior is to wait without a timeout and mark the task as
+The default behavior is to wait without a timeout and to mark the task as
 uninterruptible. wait_for_completion() and its variants are only safe
-in soft-interrupt or process context but not in hard-irq context.
+in process context (as they can sleep) but not in atomic context,
+interrupt context, with disabled irqs. or preemption is disabled - see also
+try_wait_for_completion() below for handling completion in atomic/interrupt
+context.
+
 As all variants of wait_for_completion() can (obviously) block for a long
-time, you probably don't want to call this with held locks - see also
-try_wait_for_completion() below.
+time, you probably don't want to call this with held mutexes.
  
  
 Variants available:
  
  
  
  
  
  
@@ -141,43 +152,44 @@
 so care should be taken with assigning return-values to variables of proper
 type. Checking for the specific meaning of return values also has been found
 to be quite inaccurate e.g. constructs like
-if(!wait_for_completion_interruptible_timeout(...)) would execute the same
+if (!wait_for_completion_interruptible_timeout(...)) would execute the same
 code path for successful completion and for the interrupted case - which is
 probably not what you want.
  
 	int wait_for_completion_interruptible(struct completion *done)
  
-marking the task TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE. If a signal was received while waiting.
-It will return -ERESTARTSYS and 0 otherwise.
+This function marks the task TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE. If a signal was received
+while waiting it will return -ERESTARTSYS; 0 otherwise.
  
 	unsigned long wait_for_completion_timeout(struct completion *done,
 		unsigned long timeout)
  
-The task is marked as TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE and will wait at most timeout
-(in jiffies). If timeout occurs it return 0 else the remaining time in
-jiffies (but at least 1). Timeouts are preferably passed by msecs_to_jiffies()
-or usecs_to_jiffies(). If the returned timeout value is deliberately ignored
-a comment should probably explain why (e.g. see drivers/mfd/wm8350-core.c
-wm8350_read_auxadc())
+The task is marked as TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE and will wait at most 'timeout'
+(in jiffies). If timeout occurs it returns 0 else the remaining time in
+jiffies (but at least 1). Timeouts are preferably calculated with
+msecs_to_jiffies() or usecs_to_jiffies(). If the returned timeout value is
+deliberately ignored a comment should probably explain why (e.g. see
+drivers/mfd/wm8350-core.c wm8350_read_auxadc())
  
 	long wait_for_completion_interruptible_timeout(
 		struct completion *done, unsigned long timeout)
  
-passing a timeout in jiffies and marking the task as TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE. If a
-signal was received it will return -ERESTARTSYS, 0 if completion timed-out and
-the remaining time in jiffies if completion occurred.
+This function passes a timeout in jiffies and marks the task as
+TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE. If a signal was received it will return -ERESTARTSYS;
+otherwise it returns 0 if the completion timed out or the remaining time in
+jiffies if completion occurred.
  
-Further variants include _killable which passes TASK_KILLABLE as the
-designated tasks state and will return a -ERESTARTSYS if interrupted or
-else 0 if completions was achieved as well as a _timeout variant.
+Further variants include _killable which uses TASK_KILLABLE as the
+designated tasks state and will return -ERESTARTSYS if it is interrupted or
+else 0 if completion was achieved.  There is a _timeout variant as well:
  
 	long wait_for_completion_killable(struct completion *done)
 	long wait_for_completion_killable_timeout(struct completion *done,
 		unsigned long timeout)
  
-The _io variants wait_for_completion_io behave the same as the non-_io
+The _io variants wait_for_completion_io() behave the same as the non-_io
 variants, except for accounting waiting time as waiting on IO, which has
-an impact on how scheduling is calculated.
+an impact on how the task is accounted in scheduling stats.
  
 	void wait_for_completion_io(struct completion *done)
 	unsigned long wait_for_completion_io_timeout(struct completion *done
  
@@ -187,13 +199,13 @@
 Signaling completions:
 ----------------------
  
-A thread of execution that wants to signal that the conditions for
-continuation have been achieved calls complete() to signal exactly one
-of the waiters that it can continue.
+A thread that wants to signal that the conditions for continuation have been
+achieved calls complete() to signal exactly one of the waiters that it can
+continue.
  
 	void complete(struct completion *done)
  
-or calls complete_all to signal all current and future waiters.
+or calls complete_all() to signal all current and future waiters.
  
 	void complete_all(struct completion *done)
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
@@ -205,33 +217,33 @@
 If complete() is called multiple times then this will allow for that number
 of waiters to continue - each call to complete() will simply increment the
 done element. Calling complete_all() multiple times is a bug though. Both
-complete() and complete_all() can be called in hard-irq context safely.
+complete() and complete_all() can be called in hard-irq/atomic context safely.
  
 There only can be one thread calling complete() or complete_all() on a
-particular struct completions at any time - serialized through the wait
+particular struct completion at any time - serialized through the wait
 queue spinlock. Any such concurrent calls to complete() or complete_all()
 probably are a design bug.
  
 Signaling completion from hard-irq context is fine as it will appropriately
-lock with spin_lock_irqsave/spin_unlock_irqrestore.
+lock with spin_lock_irqsave/spin_unlock_irqrestore and it will never sleep.
  
  
 try_wait_for_completion()/completion_done():
 --------------------------------------------
  
-The try_wait_for_completion will not put the thread on the wait queue but
-rather returns false if it would need to enqueue (block) the thread, else it
-consumes any posted completions and returns true.
+The try_wait_for_completion() function will not put the thread on the wait
+queue but rather returns false if it would need to enqueue (block) the thread,
+else it consumes one posted completion and returns true.
  
-     bool try_wait_for_completion(struct completion *done)
+	bool try_wait_for_completion(struct completion *done)
  
-Finally to check state of a completions without changing it in any way is
-provided by completion_done() returning false if there are any posted
-completion that was not yet consumed by waiters implying that there are
-waiters and true otherwise;
+Finally, to check the state of a completion without changing it in any way, 
+call completion_done(), which returns false if there are no posted
+completions that were not yet consumed by waiters (implying that there are
+waiters) and true otherwise;
  
-     bool completion_done(struct completion *done)
+	bool completion_done(struct completion *done)
  
 Both try_wait_for_completion() and completion_done() are safe to be called in
-hard-irq context.
+hard-irq or atomic context.
@@ -131,7 +131,8 @@
 13. SWAPCACHE   page is mapped to swap space, ie. has an associated swap entry
 14. SWAPBACKED  page is backed by swap/RAM
  
-The page-types tool in this directory can be used to query the above flags.
+The page-types tool in the tools/vm directory can be used to query the
+above flags.
  
 Using pagemap to do something useful:
  
@@ -159,6 +159,17 @@
  
 /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/khugepaged/full_scans
  
+max_ptes_none specifies how many extra small pages (that are
+not already mapped) can be allocated when collapsing a group
+of small pages into one large page.
+
+/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/khugepaged/max_ptes_none
+
+A higher value leads to use additional memory for programs.
+A lower value leads to gain less thp performance. Value of
+max_ptes_none can waste cpu time very little, you can
+ignore it.
+
 == Boot parameter ==
  
 You can change the sysfs boot time defaults of Transparent Hugepage
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@
 交流有困难的话，也可以向中文版维护者求助。如果本翻译更新不及时或者翻
 译存在问题，请联系中文版维护者。
  
+本文翻译提交时的 Git 检出点为： bc465aa9d045feb0e13b4a8f32cc33c1943f62d6
+
 英文版维护者： Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
 中文版维护者： 傅炜  Fu Wei <wefu@redhat.com>
 中文版翻译者： 傅炜  Fu Wei <wefu@redhat.com>
  
  
  
  
@@ -88,23 +90,45 @@
  
   u32 code0;			/* 可执行代码 */
   u32 code1;			/* 可执行代码 */
-  u64 text_offset;		/* 映像装载偏移 */
-  u64 res0	= 0;		/* 保留 */
-  u64 res1	= 0;		/* 保留 */
+  u64 text_offset;		/* 映像装载偏移，小端模式 */
+  u64 image_size;		/* 映像实际大小, 小端模式 */
+  u64 flags;			/* 内核旗标, 小端模式 *
   u64 res2	= 0;		/* 保留 */
   u64 res3	= 0;		/* 保留 */
   u64 res4	= 0;		/* 保留 */
   u32 magic	= 0x644d5241;	/* 魔数, 小端, "ARM\x64" */
-  u32 res5 = 0;      		/* 保留 */
+  u32 res5;      		/* 保留 （用于 PE COFF 偏移） */
  
  
 映像头注释：
  
+- 自 v3.17 起，除非另有说明，所有域都是小端模式。
+
 - code0/code1 负责跳转到 stext.
  
-映像必须位于系统 RAM 起始处的特定偏移（当前是 0x80000）。系统 RAM
-的起始地址必须是以 2MB 对齐的。
+- 当通过 EFI 启动时， 最初 code0/code1 被跳过。
+  res5 是到 PE 文件头的偏移，而 PE 文件头含有 EFI 的启动入口点 （efi_stub_entry）。
+  当 stub 代码完成了它的使命，它会跳转到 code0 继续正常的启动流程。
  
+- v3.17 之前，未明确指定 text_offset 的字节序。此时，image_size 为零，
+  且 text_offset 依照内核字节序为 0x80000。
+  当 image_size 非零，text_offset 为小端模式且是有效值，应被引导加载程序使用。
+  当 image_size 为零，text_offset 可假定为 0x80000。
+
+- flags 域 (v3.17 引入) 为 64 位小端模式，其编码如下：
+  位 0: 	内核字节序。 1 表示大端模式，0 表示小端模式。
+  位 1-63:	保留。
+
+- 当 image_size 为零时，引导装载程序应该试图在内核映像末尾之后尽可能多地保留空闲内存
+  供内核直接使用。对内存空间的需求量因所选定的内核特性而异, 且无实际限制。
+
+内核映像必须被放置在靠近可用系统内存起始的 2MB 对齐为基址的 text_offset 字节处，并从那里被调用。
+当前，对 Linux 来说在此基址以下的内存是无法使用的，因此强烈建议将系统内存的起始作为这个基址。
+从映像起始地址算起，最少必须为内核释放出 image_size 字节的空间。
+
+任何提供给内核的内存（甚至在 2MB 对齐的基地址之前），若未从内核中标记为保留
+(如在设备树（dtb）的 memreserve 区域），都将被认为对内核是可用。
+
 在跳转入内核前，必须符合以下状态：
  
 - 停止所有 DMA 设备，这样内存数据就不会因为虚假网络包或磁盘数据而
  
@@ -124,9 +148,13 @@
 - 高速缓存、MMU
   MMU 必须关闭。
   指令缓存开启或关闭都可以。
-  数据缓存必须关闭且无效。
-  外部高速缓存（如果存在）必须配置并禁用。
+  已载入的内核映像的相应内存区必须被清理，以达到缓存一致性点（PoC）。
+  当存在系统缓存或其他使能缓存的一致性主控器时，通常需使用虚拟地址维护其缓存，而非 set/way 操作。
+  遵从通过虚拟地址操作维护构架缓存的系统缓存必须被配置，并可以被使能。
+  而不通过虚拟地址操作维护构架缓存的系统缓存（不推荐），必须被配置且禁用。
  
+  *译者注：对于 PoC 以及缓存相关内容，请参考 ARMv8 构架参考手册 ARM DDI 0487A
+
 - 架构计时器
   CNTFRQ 必须设定为计时器的频率，且 CNTVOFF 必须设定为对所有 CPU
   都一致的值。如果在 EL1 模式下进入内核，则 CNTHCTL_EL2 中的
@@ -141,6 +169,14 @@
   在进入内核映像的异常级中，所有构架中可写的系统寄存器必须通过软件
   在一个更高的异常级别下初始化，以防止在 未知 状态下运行。
  
+  对于拥有 GICv3 中断控制器的系统：
+  - 若当前在 EL3 ：
+    ICC_SRE_EL3.Enable (位 3) 必须初始化为 0b1。
+    ICC_SRE_EL3.SRE (位 0) 必须初始化为 0b1。
+  - 若内核运行在 EL1：
+    ICC_SRE_EL2.Enable (位 3) 必须初始化为 0b1。
+    ICC_SRE_EL2.SRE (位 0) 必须初始化为 0b1。
+
 以上对于 CPU 模式、高速缓存、MMU、架构计时器、一致性、系统寄存器的
 必要条件描述适用于所有 CPU。所有 CPU 必须在同一异常级别跳入内核。
  
@@ -170,7 +206,7 @@
   ARM DEN 0022A：用于 ARM 上的电源状态协调接口系统软件）中描述的
   CPU_ON 调用来将 CPU 带入内核。
  
-  *译者注:到文档翻译时，此文档已更新为 ARM DEN 0022B。
+  *译者注: ARM DEN 0022A 已更新到 ARM DEN 0022C。
  
   设备树必须包含一个 ‘psci’ 节点，请参考以下文档：
   Documentation/devicetree/bindings/arm/psci.txt
+Chinese translated version of Documentation/arm64/legacy_instructions.txt
+
+If you have any comment or update to the content, please contact the
+original document maintainer directly.  However, if you have a problem
+communicating in English you can also ask the Chinese maintainer for
+help.  Contact the Chinese maintainer if this translation is outdated
+or if there is a problem with the translation.
+
+Maintainer: Punit Agrawal <punit.agrawal@arm.com>
+            Suzuki K. Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com>
+Chinese maintainer: Fu Wei <wefu@redhat.com>
+---------------------------------------------------------------------
+Documentation/arm64/legacy_instructions.txt 的中文翻译
+
+如果想评论或更新本文的内容，请直接联系原文档的维护者。如果你使用英文
+交流有困难的话，也可以向中文版维护者求助。如果本翻译更新不及时或者翻
+译存在问题，请联系中文版维护者。
+
+本文翻译提交时的 Git 检出点为： bc465aa9d045feb0e13b4a8f32cc33c1943f62d6
+
+英文版维护者： Punit Agrawal <punit.agrawal@arm.com>
+            Suzuki K. Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com>
+中文版维护者： 傅炜  Fu Wei <wefu@redhat.com>
+中文版翻译者： 傅炜  Fu Wei <wefu@redhat.com>
+中文版校译者： 傅炜  Fu Wei <wefu@redhat.com>
+
+以下为正文
+---------------------------------------------------------------------
+Linux 内核在 arm64 上的移植提供了一个基础框架，以支持构架中正在被淘汰或已废弃指令的模拟执行。
+这个基础框架的代码使用未定义指令钩子（hooks）来支持模拟。如果指令存在，它也允许在硬件中启用该指令。
+
+模拟模式可通过写 sysctl 节点（/proc/sys/abi）来控制。
+不同的执行方式及 sysctl 节点的相应值，解释如下：
+
+* Undef（未定义）
+  值： 0
+  产生未定义指令终止异常。它是那些构架中已废弃的指令，如 SWP，的默认处理方式。
+
+* Emulate（模拟）
+  值： 1
+  使用软件模拟方式。为解决软件迁移问题，这种模拟指令模式的使用是被跟踪的，并会发出速率限制警告。
+  它是那些构架中正在被淘汰的指令，如 CP15 barriers（隔离指令），的默认处理方式。
+
+* Hardware Execution（硬件执行）
+  值： 2
+  虽然标记为正在被淘汰，但一些实现可能提供硬件执行这些指令的使能/禁用操作。
+  使用硬件执行一般会有更好的性能，但将无法收集运行时对正被淘汰指令的使用统计数据。
+
+默认执行模式依赖于指令在构架中状态。正在被淘汰的指令应该以模拟（Emulate）作为默认模式，
+而已废弃的指令必须默认使用未定义（Undef）模式
+
+注意：指令模拟可能无法应对所有情况。更多详情请参考单独的指令注释。
+
+受支持的遗留指令
+-------------
+* SWP{B}
+节点: /proc/sys/abi/swp
+状态: 已废弃
+默认执行方式: Undef (0)
+
+* CP15 Barriers
+节点: /proc/sys/abi/cp15_barrier
+状态: 正被淘汰，不推荐使用
+默认执行方式: Emulate (1)
+
+* SETEND
+节点: /proc/sys/abi/setend
+状态: 正被淘汰，不推荐使用
+默认执行方式: Emulate (1)*
+注：为了使能这个特性，系统中的所有 CPU 必须在 EL0 支持混合字节序。
+如果一个新的 CPU （不支持混合字节序） 在使能这个特性后被热插入系统，
+在应用中可能会出现不可预期的结果。
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@
 交流有困难的话，也可以向中文版维护者求助。如果本翻译更新不及时或者翻
 译存在问题，请联系中文版维护者。
  
+本文翻译提交时的 Git 检出点为： bc465aa9d045feb0e13b4a8f32cc33c1943f62d6
+
 英文版维护者： Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
 中文版维护者： 傅炜  Fu Wei <wefu@redhat.com>
 中文版翻译者： 傅炜  Fu Wei <wefu@redhat.com>
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
@@ -26,71 +28,55 @@
 		     ===========================
  
 作者: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
-日期: 2012 年 02 月 20 日
  
 本文档描述 AArch64 Linux 内核所使用的虚拟内存布局。此构架可以实现
 页大小为 4KB 的 4 级转换表和页大小为 64KB 的 3 级转换表。
  
-AArch64 Linux 使用页大小为 4KB 的 3 级转换表配置，对于用户和内核
-都有 39-bit (512GB) 的虚拟地址空间。对于页大小为 64KB的配置，仅
-使用 2 级转换表，但内存布局相同。
+AArch64 Linux 使用 3 级或 4 级转换表，其页大小配置为 4KB，对于用户和内核
+分别都有 39-bit (512GB) 或 48-bit (256TB) 的虚拟地址空间。
+对于页大小为 64KB的配置，仅使用 2 级转换表，有 42-bit (4TB) 的虚拟地址空间，但内存布局相同。
  
-用户地址空间的 63:39 位为 0，而内核地址空间的相应位为 1。TTBRx 的
+用户地址空间的 63:48 位为 0，而内核地址空间的相应位为 1。TTBRx 的
 选择由虚拟地址的 63 位给出。swapper_pg_dir 仅包含内核（全局）映射，
-而用户 pgd 仅包含用户（非全局）映射。swapper_pgd_dir 地址被写入
+而用户 pgd 仅包含用户（非全局）映射。swapper_pg_dir 地址被写入
 TTBR1 中，且从不写入 TTBR0。
  
  
-AArch64 Linux 在页大小为 4KB 时的内存布局：
+AArch64 Linux 在页大小为 4KB，并使用 3 级转换表时的内存布局：
  
 起始地址			结束地址			大小		用途
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 0000000000000000	0000007fffffffff	 512GB		用户空间
+ffffff8000000000	ffffffffffffffff	 512GB		内核空间
  
-ffffff8000000000	ffffffbbfffeffff	~240GB		vmalloc
  
-ffffffbbffff0000	ffffffbbffffffff	  64KB		[防护页]
+AArch64 Linux 在页大小为 4KB，并使用 4 级转换表时的内存布局：
  
-ffffffbc00000000	ffffffbdffffffff	   8GB		vmemmap
+起始地址			结束地址			大小		用途
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+0000000000000000	0000ffffffffffff	 256TB		用户空间
+ffff000000000000	ffffffffffffffff	 256TB		内核空间
  
-ffffffbe00000000	ffffffbffbbfffff	  ~8GB		[防护页，未来用于 vmmemap]
  
-ffffffbffbc00000	ffffffbffbdfffff	   2MB		earlyprintk 设备
+AArch64 Linux 在页大小为 64KB，并使用 2 级转换表时的内存布局：
  
-ffffffbffbe00000	ffffffbffbe0ffff	  64KB		PCI I/O 空间
-
-ffffffbffbe10000	ffffffbcffffffff	  ~2MB		[防护页]
-
-ffffffbffc000000	ffffffbfffffffff	  64MB		模块
-
-ffffffc000000000	ffffffffffffffff	 256GB		内核逻辑内存映射
-
-
-AArch64 Linux 在页大小为 64KB 时的内存布局：
-
 起始地址			结束地址			大小		用途
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 0000000000000000	000003ffffffffff	   4TB		用户空间
+fffffc0000000000	ffffffffffffffff	   4TB		内核空间
  
-fffffc0000000000	fffffdfbfffeffff	  ~2TB		vmalloc
  
-fffffdfbffff0000	fffffdfbffffffff	  64KB		[防护页]
+AArch64 Linux 在页大小为 64KB，并使用 3 级转换表时的内存布局：
  
-fffffdfc00000000	fffffdfdffffffff	   8GB		vmemmap
+起始地址			结束地址			大小		用途
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+0000000000000000	0000ffffffffffff	 256TB		用户空间
+ffff000000000000	ffffffffffffffff	 256TB		内核空间
  
-fffffdfe00000000	fffffdfffbbfffff	  ~8GB		[防护页，未来用于 vmmemap]
  
-fffffdfffbc00000	fffffdfffbdfffff	   2MB		earlyprintk 设备
+更详细的内核虚拟内存布局，请参阅内核启动信息。
  
-fffffdfffbe00000	fffffdfffbe0ffff	  64KB		PCI I/O 空间
  
-fffffdfffbe10000	fffffdfffbffffff	  ~2MB		[防护页]
-
-fffffdfffc000000	fffffdffffffffff	  64MB		模块
-
-fffffe0000000000	ffffffffffffffff	   2TB		内核逻辑内存映射
-
-
 4KB 页大小的转换表查找：
  
 +--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
@@ -102,7 +88,7 @@
  |                 |         |         |         +-> [20:12] L3 索引
  |                 |         |         +-----------> [29:21] L2 索引
  |                 |         +---------------------> [38:30] L1 索引
- |                 +-------------------------------> [47:39] L0 索引 (未使用)
+ |                 +-------------------------------> [47:39] L0 索引
  +-------------------------------------------------> [63] TTBR0/1
  
  
  
@@ -115,9 +101,10 @@
  |                 |    |               |              v
  |                 |    |               |            [15:0]  页内偏移
  |                 |    |               +----------> [28:16] L3 索引
- |                 |    +--------------------------> [41:29] L2 索引 (仅使用 38:29 )
- |                 +-------------------------------> [47:42] L1 索引 (未使用)
+ |                 |    +--------------------------> [41:29] L2 索引
+ |                 +-------------------------------> [47:42] L1 索引
  +-------------------------------------------------> [63] TTBR0/1
+
  
 当使用 KVM 时, 管理程序（hypervisor）在 EL2 中通过相对内核虚拟地址的
 一个固定偏移来映射内核页（内核虚拟地址的高 24 位设为零）:
@@ -3291,7 +3291,9 @@
 F:	Documentation/
 X:	Documentation/ABI/
 X:	Documentation/devicetree/
-X:	Documentation/[a-z][a-z]_[A-Z][A-Z]/
+X:	Documentation/acpi
+X:	Documentation/power
+X:	Documentation/spi
 T:	git git://git.lwn.net/linux-2.6.git docs-next
  
 DOUBLETALK DRIVER
-        Linux kernel release 3.x <http://kernel.org/>
+        Linux kernel release 4.x <http://kernel.org/>
  
-These are the release notes for Linux version 3.  Read them carefully,
+These are the release notes for Linux version 4.  Read them carefully,
 as they tell you what this is all about, explain how to install the
 kernel, and what to do if something goes wrong. 
  
  
@@ -62,12 +62,8 @@
    directory where you have permissions (eg. your home directory) and
    unpack it:
  
-     gzip -cd linux-3.X.tar.gz | tar xvf -
+     xz -cd linux-4.X.tar.xz | tar xvf -
  
-   or
-
-     bzip2 -dc linux-3.X.tar.bz2 | tar xvf -
-
    Replace "X" with the version number of the latest kernel.
  
    Do NOT use the /usr/src/linux area! This area has a (usually
  
  
  
  
@@ -75,30 +71,26 @@
    files.  They should match the library, and not get messed up by
    whatever the kernel-du-jour happens to be.
  
- - You can also upgrade between 3.x releases by patching.  Patches are
-   distributed in the traditional gzip and the newer bzip2 format.  To
-   install by patching, get all the newer patch files, enter the
-   top level directory of the kernel source (linux-3.X) and execute:
+ - You can also upgrade between 4.x releases by patching.  Patches are
+   distributed in the xz format.  To install by patching, get all the
+   newer patch files, enter the top level directory of the kernel source
+   (linux-4.X) and execute:
  
-     gzip -cd ../patch-3.x.gz | patch -p1
+     xz -cd ../patch-4.x.xz | patch -p1
  
-   or
-
-     bzip2 -dc ../patch-3.x.bz2 | patch -p1
-
    Replace "x" for all versions bigger than the version "X" of your current
    source tree, _in_order_, and you should be ok.  You may want to remove
    the backup files (some-file-name~ or some-file-name.orig), and make sure
    that there are no failed patches (some-file-name# or some-file-name.rej).
    If there are, either you or I have made a mistake.
  
-   Unlike patches for the 3.x kernels, patches for the 3.x.y kernels
+   Unlike patches for the 4.x kernels, patches for the 4.x.y kernels
    (also known as the -stable kernels) are not incremental but instead apply
-   directly to the base 3.x kernel.  For example, if your base kernel is 3.0
-   and you want to apply the 3.0.3 patch, you must not first apply the 3.0.1
-   and 3.0.2 patches. Similarly, if you are running kernel version 3.0.2 and
-   want to jump to 3.0.3, you must first reverse the 3.0.2 patch (that is,
-   patch -R) _before_ applying the 3.0.3 patch. You can read more on this in
+   directly to the base 4.x kernel.  For example, if your base kernel is 4.0
+   and you want to apply the 4.0.3 patch, you must not first apply the 4.0.1
+   and 4.0.2 patches. Similarly, if you are running kernel version 4.0.2 and
+   want to jump to 4.0.3, you must first reverse the 4.0.2 patch (that is,
+   patch -R) _before_ applying the 4.0.3 patch. You can read more on this in
    Documentation/applying-patches.txt
  
    Alternatively, the script patch-kernel can be used to automate this
@@ -120,7 +112,7 @@
  
 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
  
-   Compiling and running the 3.x kernels requires up-to-date
+   Compiling and running the 4.x kernels requires up-to-date
    versions of various software packages.  Consult
    Documentation/Changes for the minimum version numbers required
    and how to get updates for these packages.  Beware that using
  
@@ -137,12 +129,12 @@
    place for the output files (including .config).
    Example:
  
-     kernel source code: /usr/src/linux-3.X
+     kernel source code: /usr/src/linux-4.X
      build directory:    /home/name/build/kernel
  
    To configure and build the kernel, use:
  
-     cd /usr/src/linux-3.X
+     cd /usr/src/linux-4.X
      make O=/home/name/build/kernel menuconfig
      make O=/home/name/build/kernel
      sudo make O=/home/name/build/kernel modules_install install
@@ -135,9 +135,9 @@
  * @device: Driver model representation of the device
  * @tx_cfg: HSI TX configuration
  * @rx_cfg: HSI RX configuration
- * e_handler: Callback for handling port events (RX Wake High/Low)
- * pclaimed: Keeps tracks if the clients claimed its associated HSI port
- * nb: Notifier block for port events
+ * @e_handler: Callback for handling port events (RX Wake High/Low)
+ * @pclaimed: Keeps tracks if the clients claimed its associated HSI port
+ * @nb: Notifier block for port events
  */
 struct hsi_client {
 	struct device		device;
@@ -1047,12 +1047,6 @@
 	  the kmem extension can use it to guarantee that no group of processes
 	  will ever exhaust kernel resources alone.
  
-	  WARNING: Current implementation lacks reclaim support. That means
-	  allocation attempts will fail when close to the limit even if there
-	  are plenty of kmem available for reclaim. That makes this option
-	  unusable in real life so DO NOT SELECT IT unless for development
-	  purposes.
-
 config CGROUP_HUGETLB
 	bool "HugeTLB Resource Controller for Control Groups"
 	depends on HUGETLB_PAGE
...	...	@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
13	13	Anyway, here goes:
14	14
15	15
16		- Chapter 1: Indentation
	16	+ Chapter 1: Indentation
17	17
18	18	Tabs are 8 characters, and thus indentations are also 8 characters.
19	19	There are heretic movements that try to make indentations 4 (or even 2!)
...	...	@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@
56	56	break;
57	57	}
58	58
59		-
60	59	Don't put multiple statements on a single line unless you have
61	60	something to hide:
62	61
63	62
64	63
...	...	@@ -156,25 +155,25 @@
156	155
157	156	Do not unnecessarily use braces where a single statement will do.
158	157
159		-if (condition)
160		- action();
	158	+ if (condition)
	159	+ action();
161	160
162	161	and
163	162
164		-if (condition)
165		- do_this();
166		-else
167		- do_that();
	163	+ if (condition)
	164	+ do_this();
	165	+ else
	166	+ do_that();
168	167
169	168	This does not apply if only one branch of a conditional statement is a single
170	169	statement; in the latter case use braces in both branches:
171	170
172		-if (condition) {
173		- do_this();
174		- do_that();
175		-} else {
176		- otherwise();
177		-}
	171	+ if (condition) {
	172	+ do_this();
	173	+ do_that();
	174	+ } else {
	175	+ otherwise();
	176	+ }
178	177
179	178	3.1: Spaces
180	179
181	180
182	181
...	...	@@ -186,8 +185,11 @@
186	185	"struct fileinfo info;" is declared).
187	186
188	187	So use a space after these keywords:
	188	+
189	189	if, switch, case, for, do, while
	190	+
190	191	but not with sizeof, typeof, alignof, or __attribute__. E.g.,
	192	+
191	193	s = sizeof(struct file);
192	194
193	195	Do not add spaces around (inside) parenthesized expressions. This example is
194	196
195	197
...	...	@@ -209,12 +211,15 @@
209	211	= + - < > * / % \| & ^ <= >= == != ? :
210	212
211	213	but no space after unary operators:
	214	+
212	215	& * + - ~ ! sizeof typeof alignof __attribute__ defined
213	216
214	217	no space before the postfix increment & decrement unary operators:
	218	+
215	219	++ --
216	220
217	221	no space after the prefix increment & decrement unary operators:
	222	+
218	223	++ --
219	224
220	225	and no space around the '.' and "->" structure member operators.
221	226
...	...	@@ -268,13 +273,11 @@
268	273	Chapter 5: Typedefs
269	274
270	275	Please don't use things like "vps_t".
271		-
272	276	It's a _mistake_ to use typedef for structures and pointers. When you see a
273	277
274	278	vps_t a;
275	279
276	280	in the source, what does it mean?
277		-
278	281	In contrast, if it says
279	282
280	283	struct virtual_container *a;
...	...	@@ -372,11 +375,11 @@
372	375	exported, the EXPORT* macro for it should follow immediately after the closing
373	376	function brace line. E.g.:
374	377
375		-int system_is_up(void)
376		-{
377		- return system_state == SYSTEM_RUNNING;
378		-}
379		-EXPORT_SYMBOL(system_is_up);
	378	+ int system_is_up(void)
	379	+ {
	380	+ return system_state == SYSTEM_RUNNING;
	381	+ }
	382	+ EXPORT_SYMBOL(system_is_up);
380	383
381	384	In function prototypes, include parameter names with their data types.
382	385	Although this is not required by the C language, it is preferred in Linux
383	386
384	387
385	388
386	389
387	390
...	...	@@ -405,34 +408,34 @@
405	408	modifications are prevented
406	409	- saves the compiler work to optimize redundant code away ;)
407	410
408		-int fun(int a)
409		-{
410		- int result = 0;
411		- char *buffer;
	411	+ int fun(int a)
	412	+ {
	413	+ int result = 0;
	414	+ char *buffer;
412	415
413		- buffer = kmalloc(SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
414		- if (!buffer)
415		- return -ENOMEM;
	416	+ buffer = kmalloc(SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
	417	+ if (!buffer)
	418	+ return -ENOMEM;
416	419
417		- if (condition1) {
418		- while (loop1) {
419		- ...
	420	+ if (condition1) {
	421	+ while (loop1) {
	422	+ ...
	423	+ }
	424	+ result = 1;
	425	+ goto out_buffer;
420	426	}
421		- result = 1;
422		- goto out_buffer;
	427	+ ...
	428	+ out_buffer:
	429	+ kfree(buffer);
	430	+ return result;
423	431	}
424		- ...
425		-out_buffer:
426		- kfree(buffer);
427		- return result;
428		-}
429	432
430	433	A common type of bug to be aware of it "one err bugs" which look like this:
431	434
432		-err:
433		- kfree(foo->bar);
434		- kfree(foo);
435		- return ret;
	435	+ err:
	436	+ kfree(foo->bar);
	437	+ kfree(foo);
	438	+ return ret;
436	439
437	440	The bug in this code is that on some exit paths "foo" is NULL. Normally the
438	441	fix for this is to split it up into two error labels "err_bar:" and "err_foo:".
...	...	@@ -503,9 +506,9 @@
503	506	(defun c-lineup-arglist-tabs-only (ignored)
504	507	"Line up argument lists by tabs, not spaces"
505	508	(let* ((anchor (c-langelem-pos c-syntactic-element))
506		- (column (c-langelem-2nd-pos c-syntactic-element))
507		- (offset (- (1+ column) anchor))
508		- (steps (floor offset c-basic-offset)))
	509	+ (column (c-langelem-2nd-pos c-syntactic-element))
	510	+ (offset (- (1+ column) anchor))
	511	+ (steps (floor offset c-basic-offset)))
509	512	(* (max steps 1)
510	513	c-basic-offset)))
511	514
...	...	@@ -612,7 +615,7 @@
612	615
613	616	Names of macros defining constants and labels in enums are capitalized.
614	617
615		-#define CONSTANT 0x12345
	618	+ #define CONSTANT 0x12345
616	619
617	620	Enums are preferred when defining several related constants.
618	621
619	622
620	623
...	...	@@ -623,28 +626,28 @@
623	626
624	627	Macros with multiple statements should be enclosed in a do - while block:
625	628
626		-#define macrofun(a, b, c) \
627		- do { \
628		- if (a == 5) \
629		- do_this(b, c); \
630		- } while (0)
	629	+ #define macrofun(a, b, c) \
	630	+ do { \
	631	+ if (a == 5) \
	632	+ do_this(b, c); \
	633	+ } while (0)
631	634
632	635	Things to avoid when using macros:
633	636
634	637	1) macros that affect control flow:
635	638
636		-#define FOO(x) \
637		- do { \
638		- if (blah(x) < 0) \
639		- return -EBUGGERED; \
640		- } while(0)
	639	+ #define FOO(x) \
	640	+ do { \
	641	+ if (blah(x) < 0) \
	642	+ return -EBUGGERED; \
	643	+ } while(0)
641	644
642	645	is a _very_ bad idea. It looks like a function call but exits the "calling"
643	646	function; don't break the internal parsers of those who will read the code.
644	647
645	648	2) macros that depend on having a local variable with a magic name:
646	649
647		-#define FOO(val) bar(index, val)
	650	+ #define FOO(val) bar(index, val)
648	651
649	652	might look like a good thing, but it's confusing as hell when one reads the
650	653	code and it's prone to breakage from seemingly innocent changes.
...	...	@@ -656,8 +659,8 @@
656	659	must enclose the expression in parentheses. Beware of similar issues with
657	660	macros using parameters.
658	661
659		-#define CONSTANT 0x4000
660		-#define CONSTEXP (CONSTANT \| 3)
	662	+ #define CONSTANT 0x4000
	663	+ #define CONSTEXP (CONSTANT \| 3)
661	664
662	665	5) namespace collisions when defining local variables in macros resembling
663	666	functions:
664	667
...	...	@@ -809,11 +812,11 @@
809	812	For example, if you need to calculate the length of an array, take advantage
810	813	of the macro
811	814
812		- #define ARRAY_SIZE(x) (sizeof(x) / sizeof((x)[0]))
	815	+ #define ARRAY_SIZE(x) (sizeof(x) / sizeof((x)[0]))
813	816
814	817	Similarly, if you need to calculate the size of some structure member, use
815	818
816		- #define FIELD_SIZEOF(t, f) (sizeof(((t*)0)->f))
	819	+ #define FIELD_SIZEOF(t, f) (sizeof(((t*)0)->f))
817	820
818	821	There are also min() and max() macros that do strict type checking if you
819	822	need them. Feel free to peruse that header file to see what else is already
820	823
821	824
...	...	@@ -826,19 +829,19 @@
826	829	indicated with special markers. For example, emacs interprets lines marked
827	830	like this:
828	831
829		--- mode: c --
	832	+ -- mode: c --
830	833
831	834	Or like this:
832	835
833		-/*
834		-Local Variables:
835		-compile-command: "gcc -DMAGIC_DEBUG_FLAG foo.c"
836		-End:
837		-*/
	836	+ /*
	837	+ Local Variables:
	838	+ compile-command: "gcc -DMAGIC_DEBUG_FLAG foo.c"
	839	+ End:
	840	+ */
838	841
839	842	Vim interprets markers that look like this:
840	843
841		-/* vim:set sw=8 noet */
	844	+ /* vim:set sw=8 noet */
842	845
843	846	Do not include any of these in source files. People have their own personal
844	847	editor configurations, and your source files should not override them. This
...	...	@@ -915,9 +918,9 @@
915	918	place a comment after the #endif on the same line, noting the conditional
916	919	expression used. For instance:
917	920
918		-#ifdef CONFIG_SOMETHING
919		-...
920		-#endif /* CONFIG_SOMETHING */
	921	+ #ifdef CONFIG_SOMETHING
	922	+ ...
	923	+ #endif /* CONFIG_SOMETHING */
921	924
922	925
923	926	Appendix I: References
...	...	@@ -1293,7 +1293,7 @@
1293	1293	</para>
1294	1294	<para>
1295	1295	If a page flip can be successfully scheduled the driver must set the
1296		- <code>drm_crtc-<fb</code> field to the new framebuffer pointed to
	1296	+ <code>drm_crtc->fb</code> field to the new framebuffer pointed to
1297	1297	by <code>fb</code>. This is important so that the reference counting
1298	1298	on framebuffers stays balanced.
1299	1299	</para>
1	1	<bibliography>
2	2	<title>References</title>
3	3
4		- <biblioentry id="eia608">
5		- <abbrev>EIA 608-B</abbrev>
	4	+ <biblioentry id="cea608">
	5	+ <abbrev>CEA 608-E</abbrev>
6	6	<authorgroup>
7		- <corpauthor>Electronic Industries Alliance (<ulink
8		-url="http://www.eia.org">http://www.eia.org</ulink>)</corpauthor>
	7	+ <corpauthor>Consumer Electronics Association (<ulink
	8	+url="http://www.ce.org">http://www.ce.org</ulink>)</corpauthor>
9	9	</authorgroup>
10		- <title>EIA 608-B "Recommended Practice for Line 21 Data
11		-Service"</title>
	10	+ <title>CEA-608-E R-2014 "Line 21 Data Services"</title>
12	11	</biblioentry>
13	12
14	13	<biblioentry id="en300294">
...	...	@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@
254	254	<row>
255	255	<entry><constant>V4L2_SLICED_CAPTION_525</constant></entry>
256	256	<entry>0x1000</entry>
257		- <entry><xref linkend="eia608" /></entry>
	257	+ <entry><xref linkend="cea608" /></entry>
258	258	<entry>NTSC line 21, 284 (second field 21)</entry>
259	259	<entry>Two bytes in transmission order, including parity
260	260	bit, lsb first transmitted.</entry>
...	...	@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@
205	205	<row>
206	206	<entry><constant>V4L2_SLICED_CAPTION_525</constant></entry>
207	207	<entry>0x1000</entry>
208		- <entry><xref linkend="eia608" /></entry>
	208	+ <entry><xref linkend="cea608" /></entry>
209	209	<entry>NTSC line 21, 284 (second field 21)</entry>
210	210	<entry>Two bytes in transmission order, including parity
211	211	bit, lsb first transmitted.</entry>
...	...	@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@
353	353	rc = pci_enable_msix_range(adapter->pdev, adapter->msix_entries,
354	354	maxvec, maxvec);
355	355	/*
356		- * -ENOSPC is the only error code allowed to be analized
	356	+ * -ENOSPC is the only error code allowed to be analyzed
357	357	*/
358	358	if (rc == -ENOSPC) {
359	359	if (maxvec == 1)
...	...	@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@
370	370	return rc;
371	371	}
372	372
373		-Note how pci_enable_msix_range() return value is analized for a fallback -
	373	+Note how pci_enable_msix_range() return value is analyzed for a fallback -
374	374	any error code other than -ENOSPC indicates a fatal error and should not
375	375	be retried.
376	376
...	...	@@ -486,7 +486,7 @@
486	486	If your device supports both MSI-X and MSI capabilities, you should use
487	487	the MSI-X facilities in preference to the MSI facilities. As mentioned
488	488	above, MSI-X supports any number of interrupts between 1 and 2048.
489		-In constrast, MSI is restricted to a maximum of 32 interrupts (and
	489	+In contrast, MSI is restricted to a maximum of 32 interrupts (and
490	490	must be a power of two). In addition, the MSI interrupt vectors must
491	491	be allocated consecutively, so the system might not be able to allocate
492	492	as many vectors for MSI as it could for MSI-X. On some platforms, MSI
...	...	@@ -501,18 +501,9 @@
501	501	not be re-entered). If a device uses multiple interrupts, the driver
502	502	must disable interrupts while the lock is held. If the device sends
503	503	a different interrupt, the driver will deadlock trying to recursively
504		-acquire the spinlock.
505		-
506		-There are two solutions. The first is to take the lock with
507		-spin_lock_irqsave() or spin_lock_irq() (see
508		-Documentation/DocBook/kernel-locking). The second is to specify
509		-IRQF_DISABLED to request_irq() so that the kernel runs the entire
510		-interrupt routine with interrupts disabled.
511		-
512		-If your MSI interrupt routine does not hold the lock for the whole time
513		-it is running, the first solution may be best. The second solution is
514		-normally preferred as it avoids making two transitions from interrupt
515		-disabled to enabled and back again.
	504	+acquire the spinlock. Such deadlocks can be avoided by using
	505	+spin_lock_irqsave() or spin_lock_irq() which disable local interrupts
	506	+and acquire the lock (see Documentation/DocBook/kernel-locking).
516	507
517	508	4.6 How to tell whether MSI/MSI-X is enabled on a device
518	509
...	...	@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@
256	256	------------------
257	257
258	258	In response to a return value of PCI_ERS_RESULT_NEED_RESET, the
259		-the platform will peform a slot reset on the requesting PCI device(s).
	259	+the platform will perform a slot reset on the requesting PCI device(s).
260	260	The actual steps taken by a platform to perform a slot reset
261	261	will be platform-dependent. Upon completion of slot reset, the
262	262	platform will call the device slot_reset() callback.
...	...	@@ -66,8 +66,8 @@
66	66	source ID. nosourceid=n by default.
67	67
68	68	2.3 AER error output
69		-When a PCI-E AER error is captured, an error message will be outputed to
70		-console. If it's a correctable error, it is outputed as a warning.
	69	+When a PCI-E AER error is captured, an error message will be outputted to
	70	+console. If it's a correctable error, it is outputted as a warning.
71	71	Otherwise, it is printed as an error. So users could choose different
72	72	log level to filter out correctable error messages.
73	73
...	...	@@ -58,13 +58,18 @@
58	58	--------------------------
59	59
60	60	Existing boot loaders: OPTIONAL
61		-New boot loaders: MANDATORY
	61	+New boot loaders: MANDATORY except for DT-only platforms
62	62
63	63	The boot loader should detect the machine type its running on by some
64	64	method. Whether this is a hard coded value or some algorithm that
65	65	looks at the connected hardware is beyond the scope of this document.
66	66	The boot loader must ultimately be able to provide a MACH_TYPE_xxx
67		-value to the kernel. (see linux/arch/arm/tools/mach-types).
	67	+value to the kernel. (see linux/arch/arm/tools/mach-types). This
	68	+should be passed to the kernel in register r1.
	69	+
	70	+For DT-only platforms, the machine type will be determined by device
	71	+tree. set the machine type to all ones (~0). This is not strictly
	72	+necessary, but assures that it will not match any existing types.
68	73
69	74	4. Setup boot data
70	75	------------------
...	...	@@ -185,13 +185,20 @@
185	185	board devices are used, or the device is setup, and provides that
186	186	machine specific "personality."
187	187
188		- This fine-grained machine specific selection is controlled by the machine
189		- type ID, which acts both as a run-time and a compile-time code selection
190		- method.
	188	+ For platforms that support device tree (DT), the machine selection is
	189	+ controlled at runtime by passing the device tree blob to the kernel. At
	190	+ compile-time, support for the machine type must be selected. This allows for
	191	+ a single multiplatform kernel build to be used for several machine types.
191	192
192		- You can register a new machine via the web site at:
	193	+ For platforms that do not use device tree, this machine selection is
	194	+ controlled by the machine type ID, which acts both as a run-time and a
	195	+ compile-time code selection method. You can register a new machine via the
	196	+ web site at:
193	197
194	198	<http://www.arm.linux.org.uk/developer/machines/>
	199	+
	200	+ Note: Please do not register a machine type for DT-only platforms. If your
	201	+ platform is DT-only, you do not need a registered machine type.
195	202
196	203	---
197	204	Russell King (15/03/2004)