11 Jan, 2012
1 commit
-
Add support for procfs mount options. Actual mount options are coming in
the next patches.Signed-off-by: Vasiliy Kulikov
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan
Cc: Al Viro
Cc: Randy Dunlap
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin"
Cc: Greg KH
Cc: Theodore Tso
Cc: Alan Cox
Cc: James Morris
Cc: Oleg Nesterov
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
26 May, 2011
1 commit
-
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ebiederm/linux-2.6-nsfd:
net: fix get_net_ns_by_fd for !CONFIG_NET_NS
ns proc: Return -ENOENT for a nonexistent /proc/self/ns/ entry.
ns: Declare sys_setns in syscalls.h
net: Allow setting the network namespace by fd
ns proc: Add support for the ipc namespace
ns proc: Add support for the uts namespace
ns proc: Add support for the network namespace.
ns: Introduce the setns syscall
ns: proc files for namespace naming policy.
25 May, 2011
1 commit
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Now that mm/mempolicy.c is no longer implementing /proc/pid/numa_maps
there is no need to export struct proc_maps_private to the world. Move it
to fs/proc/internal.h instead.Signed-off-by: Stephen Wilson
Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro
Cc: Hugh Dickins
Cc: David Rientjes
Cc: Lee Schermerhorn
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan
Cc: Christoph Lameter
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
11 May, 2011
1 commit
-
Create files under /proc//ns/ to allow controlling the
namespaces of a process.This addresses three specific problems that can make namespaces hard to
work with.
- Namespaces require a dedicated process to pin them in memory.
- It is not possible to use a namespace unless you are the child
of the original creator.
- Namespaces don't have names that userspace can use to talk about
them.The namespace files under /proc//ns/ can be opened and the
file descriptor can be used to talk about a specific namespace, and
to keep the specified namespace alive.A namespace can be kept alive by either holding the file descriptor
open or bind mounting the file someplace else. aka:
mount --bind /proc/self/ns/net /some/filesystem/path
mount --bind /proc/self/fd/ /some/filesystem/pathThis allows namespaces to be named with userspace policy.
It requires additional support to make use of these filedescriptors
and that will be comming in the following patches.Acked-by: Daniel Lezcano
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman
24 Mar, 2011
1 commit
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After the previous cleanup in proc_get_sb() the global proc_mnt has no
reasons to exists, kill it.Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman
Signed-off-by: Daniel Lezcano
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan
Acked-by: Serge E. Hallyn
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
14 Jan, 2011
2 commits
-
- ->low_ino is write-once field -- reading it under locks is unnecessary.
- /proc/$PID stuff never reaches pde_put()/free_proc_entry() --
PROC_DYNAMIC_FIRST check never triggers.- in proc_get_inode(), inode number always matches proc dir entry, so
save one parameter.Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds -
/proc/*/statm code needlessly truncates data from unsigned long to int.
One needs only 8+ TB of RAM to make truncation visible.Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan
Reviewed-by: WANG Cong
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
16 Dec, 2009
1 commit
-
* de_get() is trivial -- make inline, save a few bits of code, drop
"refcount is 0" check -- it should be done in some generic refcount
code, don't recall it's was helpful* rename GET and PUT functions to pde_get(), pde_put() for cool prefix!
* remove obvious and incorrent comments
* in remove_proc_entry() use pde_put(), when I fixed PDE refcounting to
be normal one, remove_proc_entry() was supposed to do "-1" and code now
reflects that.Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
12 Jun, 2009
1 commit
-
Signed-off-by: Al Viro
31 Mar, 2009
1 commit
-
struct proc_dir_entry::owner is going to be removed. Now it's only necessary
to protect PDEs which are using ->read_proc, ->write_proc hooks.However, ->owner assignments are racy and make it very easy for someone to switch
->owner on live PDE (as some subsystems do) without fixing refcounts and so on.http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=12454
So, ->owner is on death row.
Proxy file operations exist already (proc_file_operations), just bump usecount
when necessary.Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan
08 Jan, 2009
1 commit
-
Make VMAs per mm_struct as for MMU-mode linux. This solves two problems:
(1) In SYSV SHM where nattch for a segment does not reflect the number of
shmat's (and forks) done.(2) In mmap() where the VMA's vm_mm is set to point to the parent mm by an
exec'ing process when VM_EXECUTABLE is specified, regardless of the fact
that a VMA might be shared and already have its vm_mm assigned to another
process or a dead process.A new struct (vm_region) is introduced to track a mapped region and to remember
the circumstances under which it may be shared and the vm_list_struct structure
is discarded as it's no longer required.This patch makes the following additional changes:
(1) Regions are now allocated with alloc_pages() rather than kmalloc() and
with no recourse to __GFP_COMP, so the pages are not composite. Instead,
each page has a reference on it held by the region. Anything else that is
interested in such a page will have to get a reference on it to retain it.
When the pages are released due to unmapping, each page is passed to
put_page() and will be freed when the page usage count reaches zero.(2) Excess pages are trimmed after an allocation as the allocation must be
made as a power-of-2 quantity of pages.(3) VMAs are added to the parent MM's R/B tree and mmap lists. As an MM may
end up with overlapping VMAs within the tree, the VMA struct address is
appended to the sort key.(4) Non-anonymous VMAs are now added to the backing inode's prio list.
(5) Holes may be punched in anonymous VMAs with munmap(), releasing parts of
the backing region. The VMA and region structs will be split if
necessary.(6) sys_shmdt() only releases one attachment to a SYSV IPC shared memory
segment instead of all the attachments at that addresss. Multiple
shmat()'s return the same address under NOMMU-mode instead of different
virtual addresses as under MMU-mode.(7) Core dumping for ELF-FDPIC requires fewer exceptions for NOMMU-mode.
(8) /proc/maps is now the global list of mapped regions, and may list bits
that aren't actually mapped anywhere.(9) /proc/meminfo gains a line (tagged "MmapCopy") that indicates the amount
of RAM currently allocated by mmap to hold mappable regions that can't be
mapped directly. These are copies of the backing device or file if not
anonymous.These changes make NOMMU mode more similar to MMU mode. The downside is that
NOMMU mode requires some extra memory to track things over NOMMU without this
patch (VMAs are no longer shared, and there are now region structs).Signed-off-by: David Howells
Tested-by: Mike Frysinger
Acked-by: Paul Mundt
23 Oct, 2008
2 commits
-
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan
-
kmem_cache creation code will panic, don't return anything.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan
10 Oct, 2008
1 commit
-
After commit 831830b5a2b5d413407adf380ef62fe17d6fcbf2 aka
"restrict reading from /proc//maps to those who share ->mm or can ptrace"
sysctl stopped being relevant because commit moved security checks from ->show
time to ->start time (mm_for_maps()).Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan
Acked-by: Kees Cook
26 Jul, 2008
2 commits
-
Current two-stage scheme of removing PDE emphasizes one bug in proc:
open
rmmod
remove_proc_entry
close->release won't be called because ->proc_fops were cleared. In simple
cases it's small memory leak.For every ->open, ->release has to be done. List of openers is introduced
which is traversed at remove_proc_entry() if neeeded.Discussions with Al long ago (sigh).
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan
Cc: Al Viro
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds -
This patch moves the extern of struct proc_kmsg_operations to
fs/proc/internal.h and adds an #include "internal.h" to fs/proc/kmsg.c
so that the latter sees the former.Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
29 Apr, 2008
3 commits
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Remove proc_root export. Creation and removal works well if parent PDE is
supplied as NULL -- it worked always that way.So, one useless export removed and consistency added, some drivers created
PDEs with &proc_root as parent but removed them as NULL and so on.Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds -
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds -
The kernel implements readlink of /proc/pid/exe by getting the file from
the first executable VMA. Then the path to the file is reconstructed and
reported as the result.Because of the VMA walk the code is slightly different on nommu systems.
This patch avoids separate /proc/pid/exe code on nommu systems. Instead of
walking the VMAs to find the first executable file-backed VMA we store a
reference to the exec'd file in the mm_struct.That reference would prevent the filesystem holding the executable file
from being unmounted even after unmapping the VMAs. So we track the number
of VM_EXECUTABLE VMAs and drop the new reference when the last one is
unmapped. This avoids pinning the mounted filesystem.[akpm@linux-foundation.org: improve comments]
[yamamoto@valinux.co.jp: fix dup_mmap]
Signed-off-by: Matt Helsley
Cc: Oleg Nesterov
Cc: David Howells
Cc:"Eric W. Biederman"
Cc: Christoph Hellwig
Cc: Al Viro
Cc: Hugh Dickins
Signed-off-by: YAMAMOTO Takashi
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
08 Mar, 2008
1 commit
-
Current /proc/net is done with so called "shadows", but current
implementation is broken and has little chances to get fixed.The problem is that dentries subtree of /proc/net directory has
fancy revalidation rules to make processes living in different
net namespaces see different entries in /proc/net subtree, but
currently, tasks see in the /proc/net subdir the contents of any
other namespace, depending on who opened the file first.The proposed fix is to turn /proc/net into a symlink, which points
to /proc/self/net, which in turn shows what previously was in
/proc/net - the network-related info, from the net namespace the
appropriate task lives in.# ls -l /proc/net
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 8 Mar 5 15:17 /proc/net -> self/netIn other words - this behaves like /proc/mounts, but unlike
"mounts", "net" is not a file, but a directory.Changes from v2:
* Fixed discrepancy of /proc/net nlink count and selinux labeling
screwup pointed out by Stephen.To get the correct nlink count the ->getattr callback for /proc/net
is overridden to read one from the net->proc_net entry.To make selinux still work the net->proc_net entry is initialized
properly, i.e. with the "net" name and the proc_net parent.Selinux fixes are
Acked-by: Stephen SmalleyChanges from v1:
* Fixed a task_struct leak in get_proc_task_net, pointed out by Paul.Signed-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov
Acked-by: "Eric W. Biederman"
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller
15 Feb, 2008
1 commit
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proc_get_link() is always called with a dentry and a vfsmount from a struct
path. Make proc_get_link() take it directly as an argument.Signed-off-by: Jan Blunck
Acked-by: Christoph Hellwig
Cc: Al Viro
Cc: "J. Bruce Fields"
Cc: Neil Brown
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman"
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
09 Feb, 2008
3 commits
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Currently we possibly lookup the pid in the wrong pid namespace. So
seq_file convert proc_pid_status which ensures the proper pid namespaces is
passed in.[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fix]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: another build fix]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: s390 build fix]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix task_name() output]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix nommu build]
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman
Cc: Andrew Morgan
Cc: Serge Hallyn
Cc: Cedric Le Goater
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky
Cc: Heiko Carstens
Cc: Paul Menage
Cc: Paul Jackson
Cc: David Rientjes
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds -
This conversion is just for code cleanliness, uniformity, and general safety.
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman
Cc: Oleg Nesterov
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds -
Currently (as pointed out by Oleg) do_task_stat has a race when calling
task_pid_nr_ns with the task exiting. In addition do_task_stat is not
currently displaying information in the context of the pid namespace that
mounted the /proc filesystem. So "cut -d' ' -f 1 /proc//stat" may not
equal .This patch fixes the problem by converting to a single_open seq_file show
method. Getting the pid namespace from the filesystem superblock instead of
current, and simply using the the struct pid from the inode instead of
attempting to get that same pid from the task.Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman
Cc: Oleg Nesterov
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
06 Feb, 2008
2 commits
-
This interface provides a mapping for each page in an address space to its
physical page frame number, allowing precise determination of what pages are
mapped and what pages are shared between processes.New in this version:
- headers gone again (as recommended by Dave Hansen and Alan Cox)
- 64-bit entries (as per discussion with Andi Kleen)
- swap pte information exported (from Dave Hansen)
- page walker callback for holes (from Dave Hansen)
- direct put_user I/O (as suggested by Rusty Russell)This patch folds in cleanups and swap PTE support from Dave Hansen
.Signed-off-by: Matt Mackall
Cc: Dave Hansen
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds -
This puts all the clear_refs code where it belongs and probably lets things
compile on MMU-less systems as well.Signed-off-by: Matt Mackall
Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge
Cc: David Rientjes
Cc: Dave Hansen
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
03 Jan, 2008
1 commit
-
Contents of /proc/*/maps is sensitive and may become sensitive after
open() (e.g. if target originally shares our ->mm and later does exec
on suid-root binary).Check at read() (actually, ->start() of iterator) time that mm_struct
we'd grabbed and locked is
- still the ->mm of target
- equal to reader's ->mm or the target is ptracable by reader.Signed-off-by: Al Viro
Acked-by: Rik van Riel
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
30 Nov, 2007
1 commit
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proc_kill_inodes() can clear ->i_fop in the middle of vfs_readdir resulting in
NULL dereference during "file->f_op->readdir(file, buf, filler)".The solution is to remove proc_kill_inodes() completely:
a) we don't have tricky modules implementing their tricky readdir hooks which
could keeping this revoke from hell.b) In a situation when module is gone but PDE still alive, standard
readdir will return only "." and "..", because pde->next was cleared by
remove_proc_entry().c) the race proc_kill_inode() destined to prevent is not completely
fixed, just race window made smaller, because vfs_readdir() is run
without sb_lock held and without file_list_lock held. Effectively,
->i_fop is cleared at random moment, which can't fix properly anything.BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 00000018
printing eip: c1061205 *pdpt = 0000000005b22001 *pde = 0000000000000000
Oops: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP
Modules linked in: foo af_packet ipv6 cpufreq_ondemand loop serio_raw sr_mod k8temp cdrom hwmon amd_rng
Pid: 2033, comm: find Not tainted (2.6.24-rc1-b1d08ac064268d0ae2281e98bf5e82627e0f0c56 #2)
EIP: 0060:[] EFLAGS: 00010246 CPU: 0
EIP is at vfs_readdir+0x47/0x74
EAX: c6b6a780 EBX: 00000000 ECX: c1061040 EDX: c5decf94
ESI: c6b6a780 EDI: fffffffe EBP: c9797c54 ESP: c5decf78
DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 00d8 GS: 0033 SS: 0068
Process find (pid: 2033, ti=c5dec000 task=c64bba90 task.ti=c5dec000)
Stack: c5decf94 c1061040 fffffff7 0805ffbc 00000000 c6b6a780 c1061295 0805ffbc
00000000 00000400 00000000 00000004 0805ffbc 4588eff4 c5dec000 c10026ba
00000004 0805ffbc 00000400 0805ffbc 4588eff4 bfdc6c70 000000dc 0000007b
Call Trace:
[] filldir64+0x0/0xc5
[] sys_getdents64+0x63/0xa5
[] sysenter_past_esp+0x5f/0x85
=======================
Code: 49 83 78 18 00 74 43 8d 6b 74 bf fe ff ff ff 89 e8 e8 b8 c0 12 00 f6 83 2c 01 00 00 10 75 22 8b 5e 10 8b 4c 24 04 89 f0 8b 14 24 53 18 f6 46 1a 04 89 c7 75 0b 8b 56 0c 8b 46 08 e8 c8 66 00
EIP: [] vfs_readdir+0x47/0x74 SS:ESP 0068:c5decf78hch: "Nice, getting rid of this is a very good step formwards.
Unfortunately we have another copy of this junk in
security/selinux/selinuxfs.c:sel_remove_entries() which would need the
same treatment."Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan
Acked-by: Christoph Hellwig
Cc: Al Viro
Cc: Stephen Smalley
Cc: James Morris
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman"
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
15 Nov, 2007
1 commit
-
It appears we overlooked support for removing generic proc files
when we added support for multiple proc super blocks. Handle
that now.[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style cleanups]
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman
Acked-by: Pavel Emelyanov
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan
Acked-by: Sukadev Bhattiprolu
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
11 Oct, 2007
1 commit
-
This patch makes /proc/net per network namespace. It modifies the global
variables proc_net and proc_net_stat to be per network namespace.
The proc_net file helpers are modified to take a network namespace argument,
and all of their callers are fixed to pass &init_net for that argument.
This ensures that all of the /proc/net files are only visible and
usable in the initial network namespace until the code behind them
has been updated to be handle multiple network namespaces.Making /proc/net per namespace is necessary as at least some files
in /proc/net depend upon the set of network devices which is per
network namespace, and even more files in /proc/net have contents
that are relevant to a single network namespace.Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller
09 May, 2007
1 commit
-
The /proc/pid/ "maps", "smaps", and "numa_maps" files contain sensitive
information about the memory location and usage of processes. Issues:- maps should not be world-readable, especially if programs expect any
kind of ASLR protection from local attackers.
- maps cannot just be 0400 because "-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -O2" makes glibc
check the maps when %n is in a *printf call, and a setuid(getuid())
process wouldn't be able to read its own maps file. (For reference
see http://lkml.org/lkml/2006/1/22/150)
- a system-wide toggle is needed to allow prior behavior in the case of
non-root applications that depend on access to the maps contents.This change implements a check using "ptrace_may_attach" before allowing
access to read the maps contents. To control this protection, the new knob
/proc/sys/kernel/maps_protect has been added, with corresponding updates to
the procfs documentation.[akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fixes]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: New sysctl numbers are old hat]
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook
Cc: Arjan van de Ven
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
03 Apr, 2007
1 commit
-
We're using #ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL, but we should be using CONFIG_PROC_SYSCTL,
so we getfs/built-in.o: In function `proc_root_init':
/usr/src/linux/fs/proc/root.c:83: undefined reference to `proc_sys_init'Fix that up and remove an ifdef-in-C.
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman"
Cc: Helge Hafting
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
15 Feb, 2007
1 commit
-
With this change the sysctl inodes can be cached and nothing needs to be done
when removing a sysctl table.For a cost of 2K code we will save about 4K of static tables (when we remove
de from ctl_table) and 70K in proc_dir_entries that we will not allocate, or
about half that on a 32bit arch.The speed feels about the same, even though we can now cache the sysctl
dentries :(We get the core advantage that we don't need to have a 1 to 1 mapping between
ctl table entries and proc files. Making it possible to have /proc/sys vary
depending on the namespace you are in. The currently merged namespaces don't
have an issue here but the network namespace under /proc/sys/net needs to have
different directories depending on which network adapters are visible. By
simply being a cache different directories being visible depending on who you
are is trivial to implement.[akpm@osdl.org: fix uninitialised var]
[akpm@osdl.org: fix ARM build]
[bunk@stusta.de: make things static]
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman
Cc: Russell King
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
13 Feb, 2007
1 commit
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Many struct file_operations in the kernel can be "const". Marking them const
moves these to the .rodata section, which avoids false sharing with potential
dirty data. In addition it'll catch accidental writes at compile time to
these shared resources.Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
27 Sep, 2006
1 commit
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Implement /proc/pid/maps for NOMMU by reading the vm_area_list attached to
current->mm->context.vmlist.Signed-off-by: David Howells
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
27 Jun, 2006
4 commits
-
Incrementally update my proc-dont-lock-task_structs-indefinitely patches so
that they work with struct pid instead of struct task_ref.Mostly this is a straight 1-1 substitution.
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds -
Every inode in /proc holds a reference to a struct task_struct. If a
directory or file is opened and remains open after the the task exits this
pinning continues. With 8K stacks on a 32bit machine the amount pinned per
file descriptor is about 10K.Normally I would figure a reasonable per user process limit is about 100
processes. With 80 processes, with a 1000 file descriptors each I can trigger
the 00M killer on a 32bit kernel, because I have pinned about 800MB of useless
data.This patch replaces the struct task_struct pointer with a pointer to a struct
task_ref which has a struct task_struct pointer. The so the pinning of dead
tasks does not happen.The code now has to contend with the fact that the task may now exit at any
time. Which is a little but not muh more complicated.With this change it takes about 1000 processes each opening up 1000 file
descriptors before I can trigger the OOM killer. Much better.[mlp@google.com: task_mmu small fixes]
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman
Cc: Trond Myklebust
Cc: Paul Jackson
Cc: Oleg Nesterov
Cc: Albert Cahalan
Signed-off-by: Prasanna Meda
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds -
All of the functions for proc_maps_operations are already defined in
task_mmu.c so move the operations structure to keep the functionality
together.Since task_nommu.c implements a dummy version of /proc//maps give it a
simplified version of proc_maps_operations that it can modify to best suit its
needs.Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds -
The sole renaming use of proc_inode.type is to discover the file descriptor
number, so just store the file descriptor number and don't wory about
processing this field. This removes any /proc limits on the maximum number of
file descriptors, and clears the path to make the hard coded /proc inode
numbers go away.Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
29 Mar, 2006
1 commit
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Mark the f_ops members of inodes as const, as well as fix the
ripple-through this causes by places that copy this f_ops and then "do
stuff" with it.Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
