16 Jan, 2009
2 commits
-
Revert commit e97a630eb0f5b8b380fd67504de6cedebb489003 ("mm: vmalloc use
mutex for purge")Bryan Donlan reports:
: After testing 2.6.29-rc1 on xen-x86 with a btrfs root filesystem, I
: got the OOPS quoted below and a hard freeze shortly after boot.
: Boot messages and config are attached.
:
: ------------[ cut here ]------------
: Kernel BUG at c05ef80d [verbose debug info unavailable]
: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP
: last sysfs file: /sys/block/xvdc/size
: Modules linked in:
:
: Pid: 0, comm: swapper Not tainted (2.6.29-rc1 #6)
: EIP: 0061:[] EFLAGS: 00010087 CPU: 2
: EIP is at schedule+0x7cd/0x950
: EAX: d5aeca80 EBX: 00000002 ECX: 00000000 EDX: d4cb9a40
: ESI: c12f5600 EDI: d4cb9a40 EBP: d6033fa4 ESP: d6033ef4
: DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 00d8 GS: 0000 SS: 0069
: Process swapper (pid: 0, ti=d6032000 task=d6020b70 task.ti=d6032000)
: Stack:
: 000d85bc 00000000 000186a0 00000000 0dd11410 c0105417 c12efe00 0dc367c3
: 00000011 c0105d46 d5a5d310 deadbeef d4cb9a40 c07cc600 c05f1340 c12e0060
: deadbeef d6020b70 d6020d08 00000002 c014377d 00000000 c12f5600 00002c22
: Call Trace:
: [] xen_force_evtchn_callback+0x17/0x30
: [] check_events+0x8/0x12
: [] _spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x20/0x40
: [] hrtimer_start_range_ns+0x12d/0x2e0
: [] tick_nohz_restart_sched_tick+0x146/0x160
: [] cpu_idle+0xa5/0xc0and bisected it to this commit.
Let's remove it now while we have a think about the problem.
Reported-by: Bryan Donlan
Tested-by: Christophe Saout
Cc: Nick Piggin
Cc: Ingo Molnar
Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds -
On alpha, we have to map some stuff in the VMALLOC space very early in the
boot process (to make SRM console callbacks work and so on, see
arch/alpha/mm/init.c). For old VM allocator, we just manually placed a
vm_struct onto the global vmlist and this worked for ages.Unfortunately, the new allocator isn't aware of this, so it constantly
tries to allocate the VM space which is already in use, making vmalloc on
alpha defunct.This patch forces KVA to import vmlist entries on init.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove unneeded check (per Johannes)]
Signed-off-by: Ivan Kokshaysky
Cc: Nick Piggin
Cc: Johannes Weiner
Cc: Richard Henderson
Cc: Johannes Weiner
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
07 Jan, 2009
4 commits
-
Lazy unmapping in the vmalloc code has now opened the possibility for use
after free bugs to go undetected. We can catch those by forcing an unmap
and flush (which is going to be slow, but that's what happens).Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds -
The vmalloc purge lock can be a mutex so we can sleep while a purge is
going on (purge involves a global kernel TLB invalidate, so it can take
quite a while).Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds -
If we do that, output of files like /proc/vmallocinfo will show things
like "vmalloc_32", "vmalloc_user", or whomever the caller was as the
caller. This info is not as useful as the real caller of the allocation.So, proposal is to call __vmalloc_node node directly, with matching
parameters to save the caller informationSigned-off-by: Glauber Costa
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds -
If we can't service a vmalloc allocation, show size of the allocation that
actually failed. Useful for debugging.Signed-off-by: Glauber Costa
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
05 Jan, 2009
1 commit
-
The flush_cache_vmap in vmap_page_range() is called with the end of the
range twice. The following patch fixes this for me.Signed-off-by: Adam Lackorzynski
Cc: Nick Piggin
Cc:
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
11 Dec, 2008
1 commit
-
Miles Lane tailing /sys files hit a BUG which Pekka Enberg has tracked
to my 966c8c12dc9e77f931e2281ba25d2f0244b06949 sprint_symbol(): use
less stack exposing a bug in slub's list_locations() -
kallsyms_lookup() writes a 0 to namebuf[KSYM_NAME_LEN-1], but that was
beyond the end of page provided.The 100 slop which list_locations() allows at end of page looks roughly
enough for all the other stuff it might print after the symbol before
it checks again: break out KSYM_SYMBOL_LEN earlier than before.Latencytop and ftrace and are using KSYM_NAME_LEN buffers where they
need KSYM_SYMBOL_LEN buffers, and vmallocinfo a 2*KSYM_NAME_LEN buffer
where it wants a KSYM_SYMBOL_LEN buffer: fix those before anyone copies
them.[akpm@linux-foundation.org: ftrace.h needs module.h]
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins
Cc: Christoph Lameter
Cc Miles Lane
Acked-by: Pekka Enberg
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt
Acked-by: Frederic Weisbecker
Cc: Rusty Russell
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
02 Dec, 2008
1 commit
-
Jim Radford has reported that the vmap subsystem rewrite was sometimes
causing his VIVT ARM system to behave strangely (seemed like going into
infinite loops trying to fault in pages to userspace).We determined that the problem was most likely due to a cache aliasing
issue. flush_cache_vunmap was only being called at the moment the page
tables were to be taken down, however with lazy unmapping, this can happen
after the page has subsequently been freed and allocated for something
else. The dangling alias may still have dirty data attached to it.The fix for this problem is to do the cache flushing when the caller has
called vunmap -- it would be a bug for them to write anything else to the
mapping at that point.That appeared to solve Jim's problems.
Reported-by: Jim Radford
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin
Cc: Russell King
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
20 Nov, 2008
3 commits
-
Current vmalloc restart search for a free area in case we can't find one.
The reason is there are areas which are lazily freed, and could be
possibly freed now. However, current implementation start searching the
tree from the last failing address, which is pretty much by definition at
the end of address space. So, we fail.The proposal of this patch is to restart the search from the beginning of
the requested vstart address. This fixes the regression in running KVM
virtual machines for me, described in http://lkml.org/lkml/2008/10/28/349,
caused by commit db64fe02258f1507e13fe5212a989922323685ce.Signed-off-by: Glauber Costa
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds -
An initial vmalloc failure should start off a synchronous flush of lazy
areas, in case someone is in progress flushing them already, which could
cause us to return an allocation failure even if there is plenty of KVA
free.Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds -
Fix off by one bug in the KVA allocator that can leave gaps in the address
space.Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
07 Nov, 2008
2 commits
-
Xen can end up calling vm_unmap_aliases() before vmalloc_init() has
been called. In this case its safe to make it a simple no-op.Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge
Cc: Linux Memory Management List
Cc: Nick Piggin
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar -
As of 73bdf0a60e607f4b8ecc5aec597105976565a84f, the kernel needs
to know where modules are located in the virtual address space.
On ARM, we located this region between MODULE_START and MODULE_END.
Unfortunately, everyone else calls it MODULES_VADDR and MODULES_END.
Update ARM to use the same naming, so is_vmalloc_or_module_addr()
can work properly. Also update the comment on mm/vmalloc.c to
reflect that ARM also places modules in a separate region from the
vmalloc space.Signed-off-by: Russell King
31 Oct, 2008
1 commit
-
Delete excess kernel-doc notation in mm/ subdirectory.
Actually this is a kernel-doc notation fix.Warning(/var/linsrc/linux-2.6.27-git10//mm/vmalloc.c:902): Excess function parameter or struct member 'returns' description in 'vm_map_ram'
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
23 Oct, 2008
1 commit
-
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter
21 Oct, 2008
2 commits
-
Removed duplicated #include in mm/vmalloc.c and
"internal.h" in mm/memory.c.Signed-off-by: Huang Weiyi
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds -
…git/tip/linux-2.6-tip
* 'x86-fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
x86 ACPI: fix breakage of resume on 64-bit UP systems with SMP kernel
Introduce is_vmalloc_or_module_addr() and use with DEBUG_VIRTUAL
20 Oct, 2008
1 commit
-
Rewrite the vmap allocator to use rbtrees and lazy tlb flushing, and
provide a fast, scalable percpu frontend for small vmaps (requires a
slightly different API, though).The biggest problem with vmap is actually vunmap. Presently this requires
a global kernel TLB flush, which on most architectures is a broadcast IPI
to all CPUs to flush the cache. This is all done under a global lock. As
the number of CPUs increases, so will the number of vunmaps a scaled
workload will want to perform, and so will the cost of a global TLB flush.
This gives terrible quadratic scalability characteristics.Another problem is that the entire vmap subsystem works under a single
lock. It is a rwlock, but it is actually taken for write in all the fast
paths, and the read locking would likely never be run concurrently anyway,
so it's just pointless.This is a rewrite of vmap subsystem to solve those problems. The existing
vmalloc API is implemented on top of the rewritten subsystem.The TLB flushing problem is solved by using lazy TLB unmapping. vmap
addresses do not have to be flushed immediately when they are vunmapped,
because the kernel will not reuse them again (would be a use-after-free)
until they are reallocated. So the addresses aren't allocated again until
a subsequent TLB flush. A single TLB flush then can flush multiple
vunmaps from each CPU.XEN and PAT and such do not like deferred TLB flushing because they can't
always handle multiple aliasing virtual addresses to a physical address.
They now call vm_unmap_aliases() in order to flush any deferred mappings.
That call is very expensive (well, actually not a lot more expensive than
a single vunmap under the old scheme), however it should be OK if not
called too often.The virtual memory extent information is stored in an rbtree rather than a
linked list to improve the algorithmic scalability.There is a per-CPU allocator for small vmaps, which amortizes or avoids
global locking.To use the per-CPU interface, the vm_map_ram / vm_unmap_ram interfaces
must be used in place of vmap and vunmap. Vmalloc does not use these
interfaces at the moment, so it will not be quite so scalable (although it
will use lazy TLB flushing).As a quick test of performance, I ran a test that loops in the kernel,
linearly mapping then touching then unmapping 4 pages. Different numbers
of tests were run in parallel on an 4 core, 2 socket opteron. Results are
in nanoseconds per map+touch+unmap.threads vanilla vmap rewrite
1 14700 2900
2 33600 3000
4 49500 2800
8 70631 2900So with a 8 cores, the rewritten version is already 25x faster.
In a slightly more realistic test (although with an older and less
scalable version of the patch), I ripped the not-very-good vunmap batching
code out of XFS, and implemented the large buffer mapping with vm_map_ram
and vm_unmap_ram... along with a couple of other tricks, I was able to
speed up a large directory workload by 20x on a 64 CPU system. I believe
vmap/vunmap is actually sped up a lot more than 20x on such a system, but
I'm running into other locks now. vmap is pretty well blown off the
profiles.Before:
1352059 total 0.1401
798784 _write_lock 8320.6667
Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge
Cc: Krzysztof Helt
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
16 Oct, 2008
1 commit
-
Impact: crash on module insertion with CONFIG_DEBUG_VIRTUAL
We would incorrectly BUG due to:
VIRTUAL_BUG_ON(!is_vmalloc_addr(vmalloc_addr) &&
!is_module_address(addr));... because, at least on x86-64, is_module_address() doesn't do what
it should. This patch introduces is_vmalloc_or_module_addr(), which
is what we really want anyway, and uses it instead.Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin
12 Oct, 2008
1 commit
-
…memory-corruption-check', 'x86/early-printk', 'x86/xsave', 'x86/ptrace-v2', 'x86/quirks', 'x86/setup', 'x86/spinlocks' and 'x86/signal' into x86/core-v2
27 Jul, 2008
1 commit
-
Use WARN() instead of a printk+WARN_ON() pair; this way the message becomes
part of the warning section for better reporting/collection.Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
25 Jul, 2008
1 commit
-
Christoph recently added /proc/vmallocinfo file to get information about
vmalloc allocations.This patch adds NUMA specific information, giving number of pages
allocated on each memory node.This should help to check that vmalloc() is able to respect NUMA policies.
Example of output on a four nodes machine (one cpu per node)
1) network hash tables are evenly spreaded on four nodes (OK) (Same
point for inodes and dentries hash tables)2) iptables tables (x_tables) are correctly allocated on each cpu node
(OK).3) sys_swapon() allocates its memory from one node only.
4) each loaded module is using memory on one node.
Sysadmins could tune their setup to change points 3) and 4) if necessary.
grep "pages=" /proc/vmallocinfo
0xffffc20000000000-0xffffc20000201000 2101248 alloc_large_system_hash+0x204/0x2c0 pages=512 vmalloc N0=128 N1=128 N2=128 N3=128
0xffffc20000201000-0xffffc20000302000 1052672 alloc_large_system_hash+0x204/0x2c0 pages=256 vmalloc N0=64 N1=64 N2=64 N3=64
0xffffc2000031a000-0xffffc2000031d000 12288 alloc_large_system_hash+0x204/0x2c0 pages=2 vmalloc N1=1 N2=1
0xffffc2000031f000-0xffffc2000032b000 49152 cramfs_uncompress_init+0x2e/0x80 pages=11 vmalloc N0=3 N1=3 N2=2 N3=3
0xffffc2000033e000-0xffffc20000341000 12288 sys_swapon+0x640/0xac0 pages=2 vmalloc N0=2
0xffffc20000341000-0xffffc20000344000 12288 xt_alloc_table_info+0xfe/0x130 [x_tables] pages=2 vmalloc N0=2
0xffffc20000344000-0xffffc20000347000 12288 xt_alloc_table_info+0xfe/0x130 [x_tables] pages=2 vmalloc N1=2
0xffffc20000347000-0xffffc2000034a000 12288 xt_alloc_table_info+0xfe/0x130 [x_tables] pages=2 vmalloc N2=2
0xffffc2000034a000-0xffffc2000034d000 12288 xt_alloc_table_info+0xfe/0x130 [x_tables] pages=2 vmalloc N3=2
0xffffc20004381000-0xffffc20004402000 528384 alloc_large_system_hash+0x204/0x2c0 pages=128 vmalloc N0=32 N1=32 N2=32 N3=32
0xffffc20004402000-0xffffc20004803000 4198400 alloc_large_system_hash+0x204/0x2c0 pages=1024 vmalloc vpages N0=256 N1=256 N2=256 N3=256
0xffffc20004803000-0xffffc20004904000 1052672 alloc_large_system_hash+0x204/0x2c0 pages=256 vmalloc N0=64 N1=64 N2=64 N3=64
0xffffc20004904000-0xffffc20004bec000 3047424 sys_swapon+0x640/0xac0 pages=743 vmalloc vpages N0=743
0xffffffffa0000000-0xffffffffa000f000 61440 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=14 vmalloc N1=14
0xffffffffa000f000-0xffffffffa0014000 20480 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=4 vmalloc N0=4
0xffffffffa0014000-0xffffffffa0017000 12288 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=2 vmalloc N0=2
0xffffffffa0017000-0xffffffffa0022000 45056 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=10 vmalloc N1=10
0xffffffffa0022000-0xffffffffa0028000 24576 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=5 vmalloc N3=5
0xffffffffa0028000-0xffffffffa0050000 163840 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=39 vmalloc N1=39
0xffffffffa0050000-0xffffffffa0052000 8192 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=1 vmalloc N1=1
0xffffffffa0052000-0xffffffffa0056000 16384 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=3 vmalloc N1=3
0xffffffffa0056000-0xffffffffa0081000 176128 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=42 vmalloc N3=42
0xffffffffa0081000-0xffffffffa00ae000 184320 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=44 vmalloc N3=44
0xffffffffa00ae000-0xffffffffa00b1000 12288 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=2 vmalloc N3=2
0xffffffffa00b1000-0xffffffffa00b9000 32768 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=7 vmalloc N0=7
0xffffffffa00b9000-0xffffffffa00c4000 45056 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=10 vmalloc N3=10
0xffffffffa00c6000-0xffffffffa00e0000 106496 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=25 vmalloc N2=25
0xffffffffa00e0000-0xffffffffa00f1000 69632 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=16 vmalloc N2=16
0xffffffffa00f1000-0xffffffffa00f4000 12288 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=2 vmalloc N3=2
0xffffffffa00f4000-0xffffffffa00f7000 12288 sys_init_module+0xc27/0x1d00 pages=2 vmalloc N3=2[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix comment]
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet
Cc: Christoph Lameter
Cc: Randy Dunlap
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
19 Jun, 2008
2 commits
-
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar
-
Add some (configurable) expensive sanity checking to catch wrong address
translations on x86.- create linux/mmdebug.h file to be able include this file in
asm headers to not get unsolvable loops in header files
- __phys_addr on x86_32 became a function in ioremap.c since
PAGE_OFFSET, is_vmalloc_addr and VMALLOC_* non-constasts are undefined
if declared in page_32.h
- add __phys_addr_const for initializing doublefault_tss.__cr3Tested on 386, 386pae, x86_64 and x86_64 numa=fake=2.
Contains Andi's enable numa virtual address debug patch.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Slaby
Cc: Andi Kleen
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar
01 May, 2008
1 commit
-
Fix vmalloc kernel-doc warning:
Warning(linux-2.6.25-git14//mm/vmalloc.c:555): No description found for parameter 'caller'
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
30 Apr, 2008
1 commit
-
We can see an ever repeating problem pattern with objects of any kind in the
kernel:1) freeing of active objects
2) reinitialization of active objectsBoth problems can be hard to debug because the crash happens at a point where
we have no chance to decode the root cause anymore. One problem spot are
kernel timers, where the detection of the problem often happens in interrupt
context and usually causes the machine to panic.While working on a timer related bug report I had to hack specialized code
into the timer subsystem to get a reasonable hint for the root cause. This
debug hack was fine for temporary use, but far from a mergeable solution due
to the intrusiveness into the timer code.The code further lacked the ability to detect and report the root cause
instantly and keep the system operational.Keeping the system operational is important to get hold of the debug
information without special debugging aids like serial consoles and special
knowledge of the bug reporter.The problems described above are not restricted to timers, but timers tend to
expose it usually in a full system crash. Other objects are less explosive,
but the symptoms caused by such mistakes can be even harder to debug.Instead of creating specialized debugging code for the timer subsystem a
generic infrastructure is created which allows developers to verify their code
and provides an easy to enable debug facility for users in case of trouble.The debugobjects core code keeps track of operations on static and dynamic
objects by inserting them into a hashed list and sanity checking them on
object operations and provides additional checks whenever kernel memory is
freed.The tracked object operations are:
- initializing an object
- adding an object to a subsystem list
- deleting an object from a subsystem listEach operation is sanity checked before the operation is executed and the
subsystem specific code can provide a fixup function which allows to prevent
the damage of the operation. When the sanity check triggers a warning message
and a stack trace is printed.The list of operations can be extended if the need arises. For now it's
limited to the requirements of the first user (timers).The core code enqueues the objects into hash buckets. The hash index is
generated from the address of the object to simplify the lookup for the check
on kfree/vfree. Each bucket has it's own spinlock to avoid contention on a
global lock.The debug code can be compiled in without being active. The runtime overhead
is minimal and could be optimized by asm alternatives. A kernel command line
option enables the debugging code.Thanks to Ingo Molnar for review, suggestions and cleanup patches.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar
Cc: Greg KH
Cc: Randy Dunlap
Cc: Kay Sievers
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
28 Apr, 2008
2 commits
-
Add caller information so that /proc/vmallocinfo shows where the allocation
request for a slice of vmalloc memory originated.Results in output like this:
0xffffc20000000000-0xffffc20000801000 8392704 alloc_large_system_hash+0x127/0x246 pages=2048 vmalloc vpages
0xffffc20000801000-0xffffc20000806000 20480 alloc_large_system_hash+0x127/0x246 pages=4 vmalloc
0xffffc20000806000-0xffffc20000c07000 4198400 alloc_large_system_hash+0x127/0x246 pages=1024 vmalloc vpages
0xffffc20000c07000-0xffffc20000c0a000 12288 alloc_large_system_hash+0x127/0x246 pages=2 vmalloc
0xffffc20000c0a000-0xffffc20000c0c000 8192 acpi_os_map_memory+0x13/0x1c phys=cff68000 ioremap
0xffffc20000c0c000-0xffffc20000c0f000 12288 acpi_os_map_memory+0x13/0x1c phys=cff64000 ioremap
0xffffc20000c10000-0xffffc20000c15000 20480 acpi_os_map_memory+0x13/0x1c phys=cff65000 ioremap
0xffffc20000c16000-0xffffc20000c18000 8192 acpi_os_map_memory+0x13/0x1c phys=cff69000 ioremap
0xffffc20000c18000-0xffffc20000c1a000 8192 acpi_os_map_memory+0x13/0x1c phys=fed1f000 ioremap
0xffffc20000c1a000-0xffffc20000c1c000 8192 acpi_os_map_memory+0x13/0x1c phys=cff68000 ioremap
0xffffc20000c1c000-0xffffc20000c1e000 8192 acpi_os_map_memory+0x13/0x1c phys=cff68000 ioremap
0xffffc20000c1e000-0xffffc20000c20000 8192 acpi_os_map_memory+0x13/0x1c phys=cff68000 ioremap
0xffffc20000c20000-0xffffc20000c22000 8192 acpi_os_map_memory+0x13/0x1c phys=cff68000 ioremap
0xffffc20000c22000-0xffffc20000c24000 8192 acpi_os_map_memory+0x13/0x1c phys=cff68000 ioremap
0xffffc20000c24000-0xffffc20000c26000 8192 acpi_os_map_memory+0x13/0x1c phys=e0081000 ioremap
0xffffc20000c26000-0xffffc20000c28000 8192 acpi_os_map_memory+0x13/0x1c phys=e0080000 ioremap
0xffffc20000c28000-0xffffc20000c2d000 20480 alloc_large_system_hash+0x127/0x246 pages=4 vmalloc
0xffffc20000c2d000-0xffffc20000c31000 16384 tcp_init+0xd5/0x31c pages=3 vmalloc
0xffffc20000c31000-0xffffc20000c34000 12288 alloc_large_system_hash+0x127/0x246 pages=2 vmalloc
0xffffc20000c34000-0xffffc20000c36000 8192 init_vdso_vars+0xde/0x1f1
0xffffc20000c36000-0xffffc20000c38000 8192 pci_iomap+0x8a/0xb4 phys=d8e00000 ioremap
0xffffc20000c38000-0xffffc20000c3a000 8192 usb_hcd_pci_probe+0x139/0x295 [usbcore] phys=d8e00000 ioremap
0xffffc20000c3a000-0xffffc20000c3e000 16384 sys_swapon+0x509/0xa15 pages=3 vmalloc
0xffffc20000c40000-0xffffc20000c61000 135168 e1000_probe+0x1c4/0xa32 phys=d8a20000 ioremap
0xffffc20000c61000-0xffffc20000c6a000 36864 _xfs_buf_map_pages+0x8e/0xc0 vmap
0xffffc20000c6a000-0xffffc20000c73000 36864 _xfs_buf_map_pages+0x8e/0xc0 vmap
0xffffc20000c73000-0xffffc20000c7c000 36864 _xfs_buf_map_pages+0x8e/0xc0 vmap
0xffffc20000c7c000-0xffffc20000c7f000 12288 e1000e_setup_tx_resources+0x29/0xbe pages=2 vmalloc
0xffffc20000c80000-0xffffc20001481000 8392704 pci_mmcfg_arch_init+0x90/0x118 phys=e0000000 ioremap
0xffffc20001481000-0xffffc20001682000 2101248 alloc_large_system_hash+0x127/0x246 pages=512 vmalloc
0xffffc20001682000-0xffffc20001e83000 8392704 alloc_large_system_hash+0x127/0x246 pages=2048 vmalloc vpages
0xffffc20001e83000-0xffffc20002204000 3674112 alloc_large_system_hash+0x127/0x246 pages=896 vmalloc vpages
0xffffc20002204000-0xffffc2000220d000 36864 _xfs_buf_map_pages+0x8e/0xc0 vmap
0xffffc2000220d000-0xffffc20002216000 36864 _xfs_buf_map_pages+0x8e/0xc0 vmap
0xffffc20002216000-0xffffc2000221f000 36864 _xfs_buf_map_pages+0x8e/0xc0 vmap
0xffffc2000221f000-0xffffc20002228000 36864 _xfs_buf_map_pages+0x8e/0xc0 vmap
0xffffc20002228000-0xffffc20002231000 36864 _xfs_buf_map_pages+0x8e/0xc0 vmap
0xffffc20002231000-0xffffc20002234000 12288 e1000e_setup_rx_resources+0x35/0x122 pages=2 vmalloc
0xffffc20002240000-0xffffc20002261000 135168 e1000_probe+0x1c4/0xa32 phys=d8a60000 ioremap
0xffffc20002261000-0xffffc2000270c000 4894720 sys_swapon+0x509/0xa15 pages=1194 vmalloc vpages
0xffffffffa0000000-0xffffffffa0022000 139264 module_alloc+0x4f/0x55 pages=33 vmalloc
0xffffffffa0022000-0xffffffffa0029000 28672 module_alloc+0x4f/0x55 pages=6 vmalloc
0xffffffffa002b000-0xffffffffa0034000 36864 module_alloc+0x4f/0x55 pages=8 vmalloc
0xffffffffa0034000-0xffffffffa003d000 36864 module_alloc+0x4f/0x55 pages=8 vmalloc
0xffffffffa003d000-0xffffffffa0049000 49152 module_alloc+0x4f/0x55 pages=11 vmalloc
0xffffffffa0049000-0xffffffffa0050000 28672 module_alloc+0x4f/0x55 pages=6 vmalloc[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter
Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro
Cc: Hugh Dickins
Cc: Nick Piggin
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds -
Implement a new proc file that allows the display of the currently allocated
vmalloc memory.It allows to see the users of vmalloc. That is important if vmalloc space is
scarce (i386 for example).And it's going to be important for the compound page fallback to vmalloc.
Many of the current users can be switched to use compound pages with fallback.
This means that the number of users of vmalloc is reduced and page tables no
longer necessary to access the memory. /proc/vmallocinfo allows to review how
that reduction occurs.If memory becomes fragmented and larger order allocations are no longer
possible then /proc/vmallocinfo allows to see which compound page allocations
fell back to virtual compound pages. That is important for new users of
virtual compound pages. Such as order 1 stack allocation etc that may
fallback to virtual compound pages in the future./proc/vmallocinfo permissions are made readable-only-by-root to avoid possible
information leakage.[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: CONFIG_MMU=n build fix]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter
Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro
Cc: Hugh Dickins
Cc: Nick Piggin
Cc: Arjan van de Ven
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
20 Mar, 2008
1 commit
-
Fix various kernel-doc notation in mm/:
filemap.c: add function short description; convert 2 to kernel-doc
fremap.c: change parameter 'prot' to @prot
pagewalk.c: change "-" in function parameters to ":"
slab.c: fix short description of kmem_ptr_validate()
swap.c: fix description & parameters of put_pages_list()
swap_state.c: fix function parameters
vmalloc.c: change "@returns" to "Returns:" since that is not a parameterSigned-off-by: Randy Dunlap
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
09 Feb, 2008
1 commit
-
Background: I've implemented 1K/2K page tables for s390. These sub-page
page tables are required to properly support the s390 virtualization
instruction with KVM. The SIE instruction requires that the page tables
have 256 page table entries (pte) followed by 256 page status table entries
(pgste). The pgstes are only required if the process is using the SIE
instruction. The pgstes are updated by the hardware and by the hypervisor
for a number of reasons, one of them is dirty and reference bit tracking.
To avoid wasting memory the standard pte table allocation should return
1K/2K (31/64 bit) and 2K/4K if the process is using SIE.Problem: Page size on s390 is 4K, page table size is 1K or 2K. That means
the s390 version for pte_alloc_one cannot return a pointer to a struct
page. Trouble is that with the CONFIG_HIGHPTE feature on x86 pte_alloc_one
cannot return a pointer to a pte either, since that would require more than
32 bit for the return value of pte_alloc_one (and the pte * would not be
accessible since its not kmapped).Solution: The only solution I found to this dilemma is a new typedef: a
pgtable_t. For s390 pgtable_t will be a (pte *) - to be introduced with a
later patch. For everybody else it will be a (struct page *). The
additional problem with the initialization of the ptl lock and the
NR_PAGETABLE accounting is solved with a constructor pgtable_page_ctor and
a destructor pgtable_page_dtor. The page table allocation and free
functions need to call these two whenever a page table page is allocated or
freed. pmd_populate will get a pgtable_t instead of a struct page pointer.
To get the pgtable_t back from a pmd entry that has been installed with
pmd_populate a new function pmd_pgtable is added. It replaces the pmd_page
call in free_pte_range and apply_to_pte_range.Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky
Cc:
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
06 Feb, 2008
5 commits
-
When running with a 16M IOREMAP_MAX_ORDER (on armv7) we found that the
vmlist search routine in __get_vm_area_node can mistakenly allow a driver
to ioremap a range larger than vmalloc space.If at the time of the ioremap all existing vmlist areas sit below the
determined alignment then the search routine continues past all entries and
exits the for loop - straight into the found: label - without ever testing
for integer wrapping or that the requested size fits.We were seeing a driver successfully ioremap 128M of flash even though
there was only 120M of vmalloc space. From that point the system was left
with the remainder of the first 16M of space to vmalloc/ioremap within.Signed-off-by: Robert Bragg
Acked-by: Nick Piggin
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds -
__vmalloc_area_node() can become static.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds -
The page array is repeatedly indexed both in vunmap and vmalloc_area_node().
Add a temporary variable to make it easier to read (and easier to patch
later).Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter
Cc: Nick Piggin
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds -
Make vmalloc functions work the same way as kfree() and friends that
take a const void * argument.[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix consts, coding-style]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds -
We already have page table manipulation for vmalloc in vmalloc.c. Move the
vmalloc_to_page() function there as well.Move the definitions for vmalloc related functions in mm.h to a newly created
section. A better place would be vmalloc.h but mm.h is basic and may depend
on these functions. An alternative would be to include vmalloc.h in mm.h
(like done for vmstat.h).Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
20 Oct, 2007
1 commit
-
Spelling fixes in mm/.
Signed-off-by: Simon Arlott
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk
17 Oct, 2007
1 commit
-
The function of GFP_LEVEL_MASK seems to be unclear. In order to clear up
the mystery we get rid of it and replace GFP_LEVEL_MASK with 3 sets of GFP
flags:GFP_RECLAIM_MASK Flags used to control page allocator reclaim behavior.
GFP_CONSTRAINT_MASK Flags used to limit where allocations can occur.
GFP_SLAB_BUG_MASK Flags that the slab allocator BUG()s on.
These replace the uses of GFP_LEVEL mask in the slab allocators and in
vmalloc.c.The use of the flags not included in these sets may occur as a result of a
slab allocation standing in for a page allocation when constructing scatter
gather lists. Extraneous flags are cleared and not passed through to the
page allocator. __GFP_MOVABLE/RECLAIMABLE, __GFP_COLD and __GFP_COMP will
now be ignored if passed to a slab allocator.Change the allocation of allocator meta data in SLAB and vmalloc to not
pass through flags listed in GFP_CONSTRAINT_MASK. SLAB already removes the
__GFP_THISNODE flag for such allocations. Generalize that to also cover
vmalloc. The use of GFP_CONSTRAINT_MASK also includes __GFP_HARDWALL.The impact of allocator metadata placement on access latency to the
cachelines of the object itself is minimal since metadata is only
referenced on alloc and free. The attempt is still made to place the meta
data optimally but we consistently allow fallback both in SLAB and vmalloc
(SLUB does not need to allocate metadata like that).Allocator metadata may serve multiple in kernel users and thus should not
be subject to the limitations arising from a single allocation context.[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix fallback_alloc()]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
20 Jul, 2007
2 commits
-
lguest does some fairly lowlevel things to support a host, which
normal modules don't need:math_state_restore:
When the guest triggers a Device Not Available fault, we need
to be able to restore the FPU__put_task_struct:
We need to hold a reference to another task for inter-guest
I/O, and put_task_struct() is an inline function which calls
__put_task_struct.access_process_vm:
We need to access another task for inter-guest I/O.map_vm_area & __get_vm_area:
We need to map the switcher shim (ie. monitor) at 0xFFC01000.Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds -
I've noticed lots of failures of vmalloc_32 on machines where it
shouldn't have failed unless it was doing an atomic operation.Looking closely, I noticed that:
#if defined(CONFIG_64BIT) && defined(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32)
#define GFP_VMALLOC32 GFP_DMA32
#elif defined(CONFIG_64BIT) && defined(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA)
#define GFP_VMALLOC32 GFP_DMA
#else
#define GFP_VMALLOC32 GFP_KERNEL
#endifWhich seems to be incorrect, it should always -or- in the DMA flags
on top of GFP_KERNEL, thus this patch.This fixes frequent errors launchin X with the nouveau DRM for example.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt
Cc: Andi Kleen
Cc: Dave Airlie
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds
