22 Jun, 2020
1 commit
-
This userspace program includes UAPI headers exported to usr/include/.
'make headers' always works for the target architecture (i.e. the same
architecture as the kernel), so the sample program should be built for
the target as well. Kbuild now supports 'userprogs' for that.I also guarded the CONFIG option by 'depends on CC_CAN_LINK' because
$(CC) may not provide libc.Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada
14 Jun, 2020
2 commits
-
Pull more Kbuild updates from Masahiro Yamada:
- fix build rules in binderfs sample
- fix build errors when Kbuild recurses to the top Makefile
- covert '---help---' in Kconfig to 'help'
* tag 'kbuild-v5.8-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild:
treewide: replace '---help---' in Kconfig files with 'help'
kbuild: fix broken builds because of GZIP,BZIP2,LZOP variables
samples: binderfs: really compile this sample and fix build issues -
…git/dhowells/linux-fs
Pull notification queue from David Howells:
"This adds a general notification queue concept and adds an event
source for keys/keyrings, such as linking and unlinking keys and
changing their attributes.Thanks to Debarshi Ray, we do have a pull request to use this to fix a
problem with gnome-online-accounts - as mentioned last time:https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gnome-online-accounts/merge_requests/47
Without this, g-o-a has to constantly poll a keyring-based kerberos
cache to find out if kinit has changed anything.[ There are other notification pending: mount/sb fsinfo notifications
for libmount that Karel Zak and Ian Kent have been working on, and
Christian Brauner would like to use them in lxc, but let's see how
this one works first ]LSM hooks are included:
- A set of hooks are provided that allow an LSM to rule on whether or
not a watch may be set. Each of these hooks takes a different
"watched object" parameter, so they're not really shareable. The
LSM should use current's credentials. [Wanted by SELinux & Smack]- A hook is provided to allow an LSM to rule on whether or not a
particular message may be posted to a particular queue. This is
given the credentials from the event generator (which may be the
system) and the watch setter. [Wanted by Smack]I've provided SELinux and Smack with implementations of some of these
hooks.WHY
===Key/keyring notifications are desirable because if you have your
kerberos tickets in a file/directory, your Gnome desktop will monitor
that using something like fanotify and tell you if your credentials
cache changes.However, we also have the ability to cache your kerberos tickets in
the session, user or persistent keyring so that it isn't left around
on disk across a reboot or logout. Keyrings, however, cannot currently
be monitored asynchronously, so the desktop has to poll for it - not
so good on a laptop. This facility will allow the desktop to avoid the
need to poll.DESIGN DECISIONS
================- The notification queue is built on top of a standard pipe. Messages
are effectively spliced in. The pipe is opened with a special flag:pipe2(fds, O_NOTIFICATION_PIPE);
The special flag has the same value as O_EXCL (which doesn't seem
like it will ever be applicable in this context)[?]. It is given up
front to make it a lot easier to prohibit splice&co from accessing
the pipe.[?] Should this be done some other way? I'd rather not use up a new
O_* flag if I can avoid it - should I add a pipe3() system call
instead?The pipe is then configured::
ioctl(fds[1], IOC_WATCH_QUEUE_SET_SIZE, queue_depth);
ioctl(fds[1], IOC_WATCH_QUEUE_SET_FILTER, &filter);Messages are then read out of the pipe using read().
- It should be possible to allow write() to insert data into the
notification pipes too, but this is currently disabled as the
kernel has to be able to insert messages into the pipe *without*
holding pipe->mutex and the code to make this work needs careful
auditing.- sendfile(), splice() and vmsplice() are disabled on notification
pipes because of the pipe->mutex issue and also because they
sometimes want to revert what they just did - but one or more
notification messages might've been interleaved in the ring.- The kernel inserts messages with the wait queue spinlock held. This
means that pipe_read() and pipe_write() have to take the spinlock
to update the queue pointers.- Records in the buffer are binary, typed and have a length so that
they can be of varying size.This allows multiple heterogeneous sources to share a common
buffer; there are 16 million types available, of which I've used
just a few, so there is scope for others to be used. Tags may be
specified when a watchpoint is created to help distinguish the
sources.- Records are filterable as types have up to 256 subtypes that can be
individually filtered. Other filtration is also available.- Notification pipes don't interfere with each other; each may be
bound to a different set of watches. Any particular notification
will be copied to all the queues that are currently watching for it
- and only those that are watching for it.- When recording a notification, the kernel will not sleep, but will
rather mark a queue as having lost a message if there's
insufficient space. read() will fabricate a loss notification
message at an appropriate point later.- The notification pipe is created and then watchpoints are attached
to it, using one of:keyctl_watch_key(KEY_SPEC_SESSION_KEYRING, fds[1], 0x01);
watch_mount(AT_FDCWD, "/", 0, fd, 0x02);
watch_sb(AT_FDCWD, "/mnt", 0, fd, 0x03);where in both cases, fd indicates the queue and the number after is
a tag between 0 and 255.- Watches are removed if either the notification pipe is destroyed or
the watched object is destroyed. In the latter case, a message will
be generated indicating the enforced watch removal.Things I want to avoid:
- Introducing features that make the core VFS dependent on the
network stack or networking namespaces (ie. usage of netlink).- Dumping all this stuff into dmesg and having a daemon that sits
there parsing the output and distributing it as this then puts the
responsibility for security into userspace and makes handling
namespaces tricky. Further, dmesg might not exist or might be
inaccessible inside a container.- Letting users see events they shouldn't be able to see.
TESTING AND MANPAGES
====================- The keyutils tree has a pipe-watch branch that has keyctl commands
for making use of notifications. Proposed manual pages can also be
found on this branch, though a couple of them really need to go to
the main manpages repository instead.If the kernel supports the watching of keys, then running "make
test" on that branch will cause the testing infrastructure to spawn
a monitoring process on the side that monitors a notifications pipe
for all the key/keyring changes induced by the tests and they'll
all be checked off to make sure they happened.https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dhowells/keyutils.git/log/?h=pipe-watch
- A test program is provided (samples/watch_queue/watch_test) that
can be used to monitor for keyrings, mount and superblock events.
Information on the notifications is simply logged to stdout"* tag 'notifications-20200601' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dhowells/linux-fs:
smack: Implement the watch_key and post_notification hooks
selinux: Implement the watch_key security hook
keys: Make the KEY_NEED_* perms an enum rather than a mask
pipe: Add notification lossage handling
pipe: Allow buffers to be marked read-whole-or-error for notifications
Add sample notification program
watch_queue: Add a key/keyring notification facility
security: Add hooks to rule on setting a watch
pipe: Add general notification queue support
pipe: Add O_NOTIFICATION_PIPE
security: Add a hook for the point of notification insertion
uapi: General notification queue definitions
11 Jun, 2020
1 commit
-
Even after commit c624adc9cb6e ("samples: fix binderfs sample"), this
sample is never compiled.'hostprogs' teaches Kbuild that this is a host program, but not enough
to order to compile it. You must add it to 'always-y' to really compile
it.Since this sample has never been compiled in upstream, various issues
are left unnoticed.[1] compilers without are still widely used
is only available since commit c13295ad219d
("binderfs: rename header to binderfs.h"), i.e., Linux 5.0If your compiler is based on UAPI headers older than Linux 5.0, you
will see the following error:samples/binderfs/binderfs_example.c:16:10: fatal error: linux/android/binderfs.h: No such file or directory
#include
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.You cannot rely on compilers having such a new header.
The common approach is to install UAPI headers of this kernel into
usr/include, and then add it to the header search path.I added 'depends on HEADERS_INSTALL' in Kconfig, and '-I usr/include'
compiler flag in Makefile.[2] compile the sample for target architecture
Because headers_install works for the target architecture, only the
native compiler was able to build sample code that requires
'-I usr/include'.Commit 7f3a59db274c ("kbuild: add infrastructure to build userspace
programs") added the new syntax 'userprogs' to compile user-space
programs for the target architecture.Use it, and then 'ifndef CROSS_COMPILE' will go away.
I added 'depends on CC_CAN_LINK' because $(CC) is not necessarily
capable of linking user-space programs.[3] use subdir-y to descend into samples/binderfs
Since this directory does not contain any kernel-space code, it has no
point in generating built-in.a or modules.order.Replace obj-$(CONFIG_...) with subdir-$(CONFIG_...).
[4] -Wunused-variable warning
If I compile this, I see the following warning.
samples/binderfs/binderfs_example.c: In function 'main':
samples/binderfs/binderfs_example.c:21:9: warning: unused variable 'len' [-Wunused-variable]
21 | size_t len;
| ^~~I removed the unused 'len'.
[5] CONFIG_ANDROID_BINDERFS is not required
Since this is a user-space standalone program, it is independent of
the kernel configuration.Remove 'depends on ANDROID_BINDERFS'.
Fixes: 9762dc1432e1 ("samples: add binderfs sample program")
Fixes: c624adc9cb6e ("samples: fix binderfs sample")
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada
Acked-by: Christian Brauner
07 Jun, 2020
1 commit
-
Pull Kbuild updates from Masahiro Yamada:
- fix warnings in 'make clean' for ARCH=um, hexagon, h8300, unicore32
- ensure to rebuild all objects when the compiler is upgraded
- exclude system headers from dependency tracking and fixdep processing
- fix potential bit-size mismatch between the kernel and BPF user-mode
helper- add the new syntax 'userprogs' to build user-space programs for the
target architecture (the same arch as the kernel)- compile user-space sample code under samples/ for the target arch
instead of the host arch- make headers_install fail if a CONFIG option is leaked to user-space
- sanitize the output format of scripts/checkstack.pl
- handle ARM 'push' instruction in scripts/checkstack.pl
- error out before modpost if a module name conflict is found
- error out when multiple directories are passed to M= because this
feature is broken for a long time- add CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_COMPRESSED to support compressed debug info
- a lot of cleanups of modpost
- dump vmlinux symbols out into vmlinux.symvers, and reuse it in the
second pass of modpost- do not run the second pass of modpost if nothing in modules is
updated- install modules.builtin(.modinfo) by 'make install' as well as by
'make modules_install' because it is useful even when
CONFIG_MODULES=n- add new command line variables, GZIP, BZIP2, LZOP, LZMA, LZ4, and XZ
to allow users to use alternatives such as pigz, pbzip2, etc.* tag 'kbuild-v5.8' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild: (96 commits)
kbuild: add variables for compression tools
Makefile: install modules.builtin even if CONFIG_MODULES=n
mksysmap: Fix the mismatch of '.L' symbols in System.map
kbuild: doc: rename LDFLAGS to KBUILD_LDFLAGS
modpost: change elf_info->size to size_t
modpost: remove is_vmlinux() helper
modpost: strip .o from modname before calling new_module()
modpost: set have_vmlinux in new_module()
modpost: remove mod->skip struct member
modpost: add mod->is_vmlinux struct member
modpost: remove is_vmlinux() call in check_for_{gpl_usage,unused}()
modpost: remove mod->is_dot_o struct member
modpost: move -d option in scripts/Makefile.modpost
modpost: remove -s option
modpost: remove get_next_text() and make {grab,release_}file static
modpost: use read_text_file() and get_line() for reading text files
modpost: avoid false-positive file open error
modpost: fix potential mmap'ed file overrun in get_src_version()
modpost: add read_text_file() and get_line() helpers
modpost: do not call get_modinfo() for vmlinux(.o)
...
19 May, 2020
1 commit
-
The sample program is run like:
./samples/watch_queue/watch_test
and watches "/" for mount changes and the current session keyring for key
changes:# keyctl add user a a @s
1035096409
# keyctl unlink 1035096409 @sproducing:
# ./watch_test
read() = 16
NOTIFY[000]: ty=000001 sy=02 i=00000110
KEY 2ffc2e5d change=2[linked] aux=1035096409
read() = 16
NOTIFY[000]: ty=000001 sy=02 i=00000110
KEY 2ffc2e5d change=3[unlinked] aux=1035096409Other events may be produced, such as with a failing disk:
read() = 22
NOTIFY[000]: ty=000003 sy=02 i=00000416
USB 3-7.7 dev-reset e=0 r=0
read() = 24
NOTIFY[000]: ty=000002 sy=06 i=00000418
BLOCK 00800050 e=6[critical medium] s=64000ef8This corresponds to:
blk_update_request: critical medium error, dev sdf, sector 1677725432 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x0 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
in dmesg.
Signed-off-by: David Howells
17 May, 2020
9 commits
-
Kbuild now supports the 'userprogs' syntax to compile userspace
programs for the same architecture as the kernel.Add the entry to samples/Makefile to put this into the build bot
coverage.I also added the CONFIG option guarded by 'depends on CC_CAN_LINK'
because $(CC) may not provide libc.Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada
Acked-by: Sam Ravnborg -
Kbuild now supports the 'userprogs' syntax to compile userspace
programs for the same architecture as the kernel.Add the entry to samples/Makefile to put this into the build bot
coverage.I also added the CONFIG option guarded by 'depends on CC_CAN_LINK'
because $(CC) may not provide libc.Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada
Acked-by: Sam Ravnborg -
Kbuild now supports the 'userprogs' syntax to compile userspace
programs for the same architecture as the kernel.Add the entry to samples/Makefile to put this into the build bot
coverage.I also added the CONFIG option guarded by 'depends on CC_CAN_LINK'
because $(CC) may not provide libc.Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada
Acked-by: Miguel Ojeda
Acked-by: Sam Ravnborg -
This userspace program includes UAPI headers exported to usr/include/.
'make headers' always works for the target architecture (i.e. the same
architecture as the kernel), so the sample program should be built for
the target as well. Kbuild now supports 'userprogs' for that.I also guarded the CONFIG option by 'depends on CC_CAN_LINK' because
$(CC) may not provide libc.Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada
Acked-by: Sam Ravnborg -
This userspace program includes UAPI headers exported to usr/include/.
'make headers' always works for the target architecture (i.e. the same
architecture as the kernel), so the sample program should be built for
the target as well. Kbuild now supports 'userprogs' for that.I also guarded the CONFIG option by 'depends on CC_CAN_LINK' because
$(CC) may not provide libc.Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada
Acked-by: Sam Ravnborg -
These userspace programs include UAPI headers exported to usr/include/.
'make headers' always works for the target architecture (i.e. the same
architecture as the kernel), so the sample programs should be built for
the target as well. Kbuild now supports 'userprogs' for that.I also guarded the CONFIG option by 'depends on CC_CAN_LINK' because
$(CC) may not provide libc.Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada
Acked-by: Sam Ravnborg -
This userspace program includes UAPI headers exported to usr/include/.
'make headers' always works for the target architecture (i.e. the same
architecture as the kernel), so the sample program should be built for
the target as well. Kbuild now supports 'userprogs' for that.I also guarded the CONFIG option by 'depends on CC_CAN_LINK' because
$(CC) may not provide libc.Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada
Acked-by: Sam Ravnborg -
This userspace program includes UAPI headers exported to usr/include/.
'make headers' always works for the target architecture (i.e. the same
architecture as the kernel), so the sample program should be built for
the target as well. Kbuild now supports 'userprogs' for that.Add the entry to samples/Makefile to put this into the build bot
coverage.I also added the CONFIG option guarded by 'depends on CC_CAN_LINK'
because $(CC) may not provide libc.Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada
Acked-by: Sam Ravnborg -
These userspace programs include UAPI headers exported to usr/include/.
'make headers' always works for the target architecture (i.e. the same
architecture as the kernel), so the sample programs should be built for
the target as well. Kbuild now supports 'userprogs' for that.I also guarded the CONFIG option by 'depends on CC_CAN_LINK' because
$(CC) may not provide libc.The 'ifndef CROSS_COMPILE' is no longer needed.
BTW, the -m31 for s390 is left-over code. Commit 5a79859ae0f3 ("s390:
remove 31 bit support") killed it.Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada
Acked-by: Sam Ravnborg
05 May, 2020
1 commit
-
A routine check for misspelled Kconfig symbols showed on instance
from last year, the correct symbol name is CONFIG_ANDROID_BINDERFS,
not CONFIG_CONFIG_ANDROID_BINDERFS, so the extra prefix must
be removed in the Kconfig file to allow enabling the sample.As the actual sample fails to build as a kernel module, change the
Makefile enough to get to build as a hostprog instead.Fixes: 9762dc1432e1 ("samples: add binderfs sample program")
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann
Acked-by: Christian Brauner
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200428212555.2806258-1-arnd@arndb.de
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet
28 Nov, 2019
1 commit
-
Pull tracing updates from Steven Rostedt:
"New tracing features:- New PERMANENT flag to ftrace_ops when attaching a callback to a
function.As /proc/sys/kernel/ftrace_enabled when set to zero will disable
all attached callbacks in ftrace, this has a detrimental impact on
live kernel tracing, as it disables all that it patched. If a
ftrace_ops is registered to ftrace with the PERMANENT flag set, it
will prevent ftrace_enabled from being disabled, and if
ftrace_enabled is already disabled, it will prevent a ftrace_ops
with PREMANENT flag set from being registered.- New register_ftrace_direct().
As eBPF would like to register its own trampolines to be called by
the ftrace nop locations directly, without going through the ftrace
trampoline, this function has been added. This allows for eBPF
trampolines to live along side of ftrace, perf, kprobe and live
patching. It also utilizes the ftrace enabled_functions file that
keeps track of functions that have been modified in the kernel, to
allow for security auditing.- Allow for kernel internal use of ftrace instances.
Subsystems in the kernel can now create and destroy their own
tracing instances which allows them to have their own tracing
buffer, and be able to record events without worrying about other
users from writing over their data.- New seq_buf_hex_dump() that lets users use the hex_dump() in their
seq_buf usage.- Notifications now added to tracing_max_latency to allow user space
to know when a new max latency is hit by one of the latency
tracers.- Wider spread use of generic compare operations for use of bsearch
and friends.- More synthetic event fields may be defined (32 up from 16)
- Use of xarray for architectures with sparse system calls, for the
system call trace events.This along with small clean ups and fixes"
* tag 'trace-v5.5' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace: (51 commits)
tracing: Enable syscall optimization for MIPS
tracing: Use xarray for syscall trace events
tracing: Sample module to demonstrate kernel access to Ftrace instances.
tracing: Adding new functions for kernel access to Ftrace instances
tracing: Fix Kconfig indentation
ring-buffer: Fix typos in function ring_buffer_producer
ftrace: Use BIT() macro
ftrace: Return ENOTSUPP when DYNAMIC_FTRACE_WITH_DIRECT_CALLS is not configured
ftrace: Rename ftrace_graph_stub to ftrace_stub_graph
ftrace: Add a helper function to modify_ftrace_direct() to allow arch optimization
ftrace: Add helper find_direct_entry() to consolidate code
ftrace: Add another check for match in register_ftrace_direct()
ftrace: Fix accounting bug with direct->count in register_ftrace_direct()
ftrace/selftests: Fix spelling mistake "wakeing" -> "waking"
tracing: Increase SYNTH_FIELDS_MAX for synthetic_events
ftrace/samples: Add a sample module that implements modify_ftrace_direct()
ftrace: Add modify_ftrace_direct()
tracing: Add missing "inline" in stub function of latency_fsnotify()
tracing: Remove stray tab in TRACE_EVAL_MAP_FILE's help text
tracing: Use seq_buf_hex_dump() to dump buffers
...
23 Nov, 2019
1 commit
-
This is a sample module to demonstrate the use of the newly introduced and
exported APIs to access Ftrace instances from within the kernel.Newly introduced APIs used here -
1. Create/Lookup a trace array with the given name.
struct trace_array *trace_array_get_by_name(const char *name)2. Destroy/Remove a trace array.
int trace_array_destroy(struct trace_array *tr)4. Enable/Disable trace events:
int trace_array_set_clr_event(struct trace_array *tr, const char *system,
const char *event, bool enable);Exported APIs -
1. trace_printk equivalent for instances.
int trace_array_printk(struct trace_array *tr,
unsigned long ip, const char *fmt, ...);2. Helper function.
void trace_printk_init_buffers(void);3. To decrement the reference counter.
void trace_array_put(struct trace_array *tr)Sample output(contents of /sys/kernel/tracing/instances/sample-instance)
NOTE: Tracing disabled after ~5 sec)_-----=> irqs-off
/ _----=> need-resched
| / _---=> hardirq/softirq
|| / _--=> preempt-depth
||| / delay
TASK-PID CPU# |||| TIMESTAMP FUNCTION
| | | |||| | |
sample-instance-1452 [002] .... 49.430948: simple_thread: trace_array_printk: count=0
sample-instance-1452 [002] .... 49.430951: sample_event: count value=0 at jiffies=4294716608
sample-instance-1452 [002] .... 50.454847: simple_thread: trace_array_printk: count=1
sample-instance-1452 [002] .... 50.454849: sample_event: count value=1 at jiffies=4294717632
sample-instance-1452 [002] .... 51.478748: simple_thread: trace_array_printk: count=2
sample-instance-1452 [002] .... 51.478750: sample_event: count value=2 at jiffies=4294718656
sample-instance-1452 [002] .... 52.502652: simple_thread: trace_array_printk: count=3
sample-instance-1452 [002] .... 52.502655: sample_event: count value=3 at jiffies=4294719680
sample-instance-1452 [002] .... 53.526533: simple_thread: trace_array_printk: count=4
sample-instance-1452 [002] .... 53.526535: sample_event: count value=4 at jiffies=4294720704
sample-instance-1452 [002] .... 54.550438: simple_thread: trace_array_printk: count=5
sample-instance-1452 [002] .... 55.574336: simple_thread: trace_array_printk: count=6Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1574276919-11119-3-git-send-email-divya.indi@oracle.com
Reviewed-by: Aruna Ramakrishna
Signed-off-by: Divya Indi
[ Moved to samples/ftrace ]
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware)
13 Nov, 2019
1 commit
-
Add a sample module that shows a simple use case for
regsiter_ftrace_direct(), and how to use it.Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware)
22 Oct, 2019
1 commit
-
Use hostprogs kbuild constructs to compile
mei sample program mei-amt-versionAdd CONFIG_SAMPLE_INTEL_MEI option to enable/disable
the feature.Signed-off-by: Tomas Winkler
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20191010132710.4075-1-tomas.winkler@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman
15 Jul, 2019
2 commits
-
There are lots of documents under Documentation/*.txt and a few other
orphan documents elsehwere that belong to the driver-API book.Move them to their right place.
Reviewed-by: Cornelia Huck # vfio-related parts
Acked-by: Logan Gunthorpe # switchtec
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab -
As it has some function definitions, move them to connector.h.
The remaining conversion is actually:
- add blank lines and identation in order to identify paragraphs;
- fix tables markups;
- add some lists markups;
- mark literal blocks;
- adjust title markups.At its new index.rst, let's add a :orphan: while this is not linked to
the main index.rst file, in order to avoid build warnings.Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab
15 Jun, 2019
1 commit
-
Commit 5318321d367c ("samples: disable CONFIG_SAMPLES for UML") used
a big hammer to fix the build errors under the samples/ directory.
Only some samples actually include uapi headers from usr/include.Introduce CONFIG_HEADERS_INSTALL since 'depends on HEADERS_INSTALL' is
clearer than 'depends on !UML'. If this option is enabled, uapi headers
are installed before starting directory descending.I added 'depends on HEADERS_INSTALL' to per-sample CONFIG options.
This allows UML to compile some samples.$ make ARCH=um allmodconfig samples/
[ snip ]
CC [M] samples/configfs/configfs_sample.o
CC [M] samples/kfifo/bytestream-example.o
CC [M] samples/kfifo/dma-example.o
CC [M] samples/kfifo/inttype-example.o
CC [M] samples/kfifo/record-example.o
CC [M] samples/kobject/kobject-example.o
CC [M] samples/kobject/kset-example.o
CC [M] samples/trace_events/trace-events-sample.o
CC [M] samples/trace_printk/trace-printk.o
AR samples/vfio-mdev/built-in.a
AR samples/built-in.aSigned-off-by: Masahiro Yamada
21 May, 2019
1 commit
-
Add SPDX license identifiers to all Make/Kconfig files which:
- Have no license information of any form
These files fall under the project license, GPL v2 only. The resulting SPDX
license identifier is:GPL-2.0-only
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman
09 May, 2019
1 commit
-
Pull Kbuild updates from Masahiro Yamada:
- allow users to invoke 'make' out of the source tree
- refactor scripts/mkmakefile
- deprecate KBUILD_SRC, which was used to track the source tree
location for O= build.- fix recordmcount.pl in case objdump output is localized
- turn unresolved symbols in external modules to errors from warnings
by default; pass KBUILD_MODPOST_WARN=1 to get them back to warnings- generate modules.builtin.modinfo to collect .modinfo data from
built-in modules- misc Makefile cleanups
* tag 'kbuild-v5.2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild: (21 commits)
.gitignore: add more all*.config patterns
moduleparam: Save information about built-in modules in separate file
Remove MODULE_ALIAS() calls that take undefined macro
.gitignore: add leading and trailing slashes to generated directories
scripts/tags.sh: fix direct execution of scripts/tags.sh
scripts: override locale from environment when running recordmcount.pl
samples: kobject: allow CONFIG_SAMPLE_KOBJECT to become y
samples: seccomp: turn CONFIG_SAMPLE_SECCOMP into a bool option
kbuild: move Documentation to vmlinux-alldirs
kbuild: move samples/ to KBUILD_VMLINUX_OBJS
modpost: make KBUILD_MODPOST_WARN also configurable for external modules
kbuild: check arch/$(SRCARCH)/include/generated before out-of-tree build
kbuild: remove unneeded dependency for include/config/kernel.release
memory: squash drivers/memory/Makefile.asm-offsets
kbuild: use $(srctree) instead of KBUILD_SRC to check out-of-tree build
kbuild: mkmakefile: generate a simple wrapper of top Makefile
kbuild: mkmakefile: do not check the generated Makefile marker
kbuild: allow Kbuild to start from any directory
kbuild: pass $(MAKECMDGOALS) to sub-make as is
kbuild: fix warning "overriding recipe for target 'Makefile'"
...
03 May, 2019
2 commits
-
This sample works well as builtin.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada
-
The prompt of CONFIG_SAMPLE_SECCOMP claims this is "loadable module
only", which is invalid.samples/seccomp/ only contains host programs, so having it tristate
is pointless.Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada
21 Mar, 2019
1 commit
-
Add a sample program to demonstrate fsopen/fsmount/move_mount to mount
something.To make it compile on all arches, irrespective of whether or not syscall
numbers are assigned, define the syscall number to -1 if it isn't to cause
the kernel to return -ENOSYS.Signed-off-by: David Howells
Signed-off-by: Al Viro
15 Jan, 2019
1 commit
-
This adds a simple sample program mounting binderfs and adding, then
removing a binder device. Hopefully, it will be helpful to users who want
to know how binderfs is supposed to be used.Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet
11 Oct, 2018
1 commit
-
Some samples require headers installation, so commit 3fca1700c4c3
("kbuild: make samples really depend on headers_install") added
such dependency in the top Makefile. However, UML fails to build
with CONFIG_SAMPLES=y because UML does not support headers_install.Fixes: 3fca1700c4c3 ("kbuild: make samples really depend on headers_install")
Reported-by: Kees Cook
Cc: David Howells
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada
09 Jun, 2018
4 commits
-
The new bochs vbe sample fails to link when DMA_SHARED_BUFFER is
disabled:ERROR: "dma_buf_export" [samples/vfio-mdev/mbochs.ko] undefined!
ERROR: "dma_buf_fd" [samples/vfio-mdev/mbochs.ko] undefined!This uses a 'select' statement to enable that framework, like all
other users do.Fixes: a5e6e6505f38 ("sample: vfio bochs vbe display (host device for bochs-drm)")
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson -
Display device, demo-ing the vfio dmabuf display interface
(VFIO_GFX_PLANE_TYPE_DMABUF). Compatible enough to qemu stdvga
that bochs-drm.ko can be used as guest driver.Signed-off-by: Gerd Hoffmann
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson -
Guest fbdev driver for CONFIG_SAMPLE_VFIO_MDEV_MDPY.
Signed-off-by: Gerd Hoffmann
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson -
Simple framebuffer display, demo-ing the vfio region display interface
(VFIO_GFX_PLANE_TYPE_REGION).Signed-off-by: Gerd Hoffmann
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson
11 Apr, 2018
1 commit
-
Pull remoteproc updates from Bjorn Andersson:
- add support for generating coredumps for remoteprocs using
devcoredump- add the Qualcomm sysmon driver for intra-remoteproc crash handling
- a number of fixes in Qualcomm and IMX drivers
* tag 'rproc-v4.17' of git://github.com/andersson/remoteproc:
remoteproc: fix null pointer dereference on glink only platforms
soc: qcom: qmi: add CONFIG_NET dependency
remoteproc: imx_rproc: Slightly simplify code in 'imx_rproc_probe()'
remoteproc: imx_rproc: Re-use existing error handling path in 'imx_rproc_probe()'
remoteproc: imx_rproc: Fix an error handling path in 'imx_rproc_probe()'
samples: Introduce Qualcomm QMI sample client
remoteproc: qcom: Introduce sysmon
remoteproc: Pass type of shutdown to subdev remove
remoteproc: qcom: Register segments for core dump
soc: qcom: mdt-loader: Return relocation base
remoteproc: Rename "load_rsc_table" to "parse_fw"
remoteproc: Add remote processor coredump support
remoteproc: Remove null character write of shared mem
28 Mar, 2018
1 commit
-
Access to the socket API and the root network namespace is only available
when networking is enabled:ERROR: "kernel_sendmsg" [drivers/soc/qcom/qmi_helpers.ko] undefined!
ERROR: "sock_release" [drivers/soc/qcom/qmi_helpers.ko] undefined!
ERROR: "sock_create_kern" [drivers/soc/qcom/qmi_helpers.ko] undefined!
ERROR: "kernel_getsockname" [drivers/soc/qcom/qmi_helpers.ko] undefined!
ERROR: "init_net" [drivers/soc/qcom/qmi_helpers.ko] undefined!
ERROR: "kernel_recvmsg" [drivers/soc/qcom/qmi_helpers.ko] undefined!Adding a dependency on CONFIG_NET lets us build it in all randconfig
builds.Fixes: 9b8a11e82615 ("soc: qcom: Introduce QMI encoder/decoder")
Acked-by: Andy Gross
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Andersson
16 Mar, 2018
1 commit
-
The Analog Devices Blackfin port was added in 2007 and was rather
active for a while, but all work on it has come to a standstill
over time, as Analog have changed their product line-up.Aaron Wu confirmed that the architecture port is no longer relevant,
and multiple people suggested removing blackfin independently because
of some of its oddities like a non-working SMP port, and the amount of
duplication between the chip variants, which cause extra work when
doing cross-architecture changes.Link: https://docs.blackfin.uclinux.org/
Acked-by: Aaron Wu
Acked-by: Bryan Wu
Cc: Steven Miao
Cc: Mike Frysinger
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann
13 Feb, 2018
1 commit
-
Introduce a sample driver that register for server notifications and
spawn clients for each available test service (service 15). The spawned
clients implements the interface for encoding "ping" and "data" requests
and decode the responses from the remote.Acked-By: Chris Lew
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Andersson
15 Sep, 2017
1 commit
-
Add exported API for livepatch modules:
klp_shadow_get()
klp_shadow_alloc()
klp_shadow_get_or_alloc()
klp_shadow_free()
klp_shadow_free_all()that implement "shadow" variables, which allow callers to associate new
shadow fields to existing data structures. This is intended to be used
by livepatch modules seeking to emulate additions to data structure
definitions.See Documentation/livepatch/shadow-vars.txt for a summary of the new
shadow variable API, including a few common use cases.See samples/livepatch/livepatch-shadow-* for example modules that
demonstrate shadow variables.[jkosina@suse.cz: fix __klp_shadow_get_or_alloc() comment as spotted by
Josh]
Signed-off-by: Joe Lawrence
Acked-by: Josh Poimboeuf
Acked-by: Miroslav Benes
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina
03 Mar, 2017
1 commit
-
Add a system call to make extended file information available, including
file creation and some attribute flags where available through the
underlying filesystem.The getattr inode operation is altered to take two additional arguments: a
u32 request_mask and an unsigned int flags that indicate the
synchronisation mode. This change is propagated to the vfs_getattr*()
function.Functions like vfs_stat() are now inline wrappers around new functions
vfs_statx() and vfs_statx_fd() to reduce stack usage.========
OVERVIEW
========The idea was initially proposed as a set of xattrs that could be retrieved
with getxattr(), but the general preference proved to be for a new syscall
with an extended stat structure.A number of requests were gathered for features to be included. The
following have been included:(1) Make the fields a consistent size on all arches and make them large.
(2) Spare space, request flags and information flags are provided for
future expansion.(3) Better support for the y2038 problem [Arnd Bergmann] (tv_sec is an
__s64).(4) Creation time: The SMB protocol carries the creation time, which could
be exported by Samba, which will in turn help CIFS make use of
FS-Cache as that can be used for coherency data (stx_btime).This is also specified in NFSv4 as a recommended attribute and could
be exported by NFSD [Steve French].(5) Lightweight stat: Ask for just those details of interest, and allow a
netfs (such as NFS) to approximate anything not of interest, possibly
without going to the server [Trond Myklebust, Ulrich Drepper, Andreas
Dilger] (AT_STATX_DONT_SYNC).(6) Heavyweight stat: Force a netfs to go to the server, even if it thinks
its cached attributes are up to date [Trond Myklebust]
(AT_STATX_FORCE_SYNC).And the following have been left out for future extension:
(7) Data version number: Could be used by userspace NFS servers [Aneesh
Kumar].Can also be used to modify fill_post_wcc() in NFSD which retrieves
i_version directly, but has just called vfs_getattr(). It could get
it from the kstat struct if it used vfs_xgetattr() instead.(There's disagreement on the exact semantics of a single field, since
not all filesystems do this the same way).(8) BSD stat compatibility: Including more fields from the BSD stat such
as creation time (st_btime) and inode generation number (st_gen)
[Jeremy Allison, Bernd Schubert].(9) Inode generation number: Useful for FUSE and userspace NFS servers
[Bernd Schubert].(This was asked for but later deemed unnecessary with the
open-by-handle capability available and caused disagreement as to
whether it's a security hole or not).(10) Extra coherency data may be useful in making backups [Andreas Dilger].
(No particular data were offered, but things like last backup
timestamp, the data version number and the DOS archive bit would come
into this category).(11) Allow the filesystem to indicate what it can/cannot provide: A
filesystem can now say it doesn't support a standard stat feature if
that isn't available, so if, for instance, inode numbers or UIDs don't
exist or are fabricated locally...(This requires a separate system call - I have an fsinfo() call idea
for this).(12) Store a 16-byte volume ID in the superblock that can be returned in
struct xstat [Steve French].(Deferred to fsinfo).
(13) Include granularity fields in the time data to indicate the
granularity of each of the times (NFSv4 time_delta) [Steve French].(Deferred to fsinfo).
(14) FS_IOC_GETFLAGS value. These could be translated to BSD's st_flags.
Note that the Linux IOC flags are a mess and filesystems such as Ext4
define flags that aren't in linux/fs.h, so translation in the kernel
may be a necessity (or, possibly, we provide the filesystem type too).(Some attributes are made available in stx_attributes, but the general
feeling was that the IOC flags were to ext[234]-specific and shouldn't
be exposed through statx this way).(15) Mask of features available on file (eg: ACLs, seclabel) [Brad Boyer,
Michael Kerrisk].(Deferred, probably to fsinfo. Finding out if there's an ACL or
seclabal might require extra filesystem operations).(16) Femtosecond-resolution timestamps [Dave Chinner].
(A __reserved field has been left in the statx_timestamp struct for
this - if there proves to be a need).(17) A set multiple attributes syscall to go with this.
===============
NEW SYSTEM CALL
===============The new system call is:
int ret = statx(int dfd,
const char *filename,
unsigned int flags,
unsigned int mask,
struct statx *buffer);The dfd, filename and flags parameters indicate the file to query, in a
similar way to fstatat(). There is no equivalent of lstat() as that can be
emulated with statx() by passing AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW in flags. There is
also no equivalent of fstat() as that can be emulated by passing a NULL
filename to statx() with the fd of interest in dfd.Whether or not statx() synchronises the attributes with the backing store
can be controlled by OR'ing a value into the flags argument (this typically
only affects network filesystems):(1) AT_STATX_SYNC_AS_STAT tells statx() to behave as stat() does in this
respect.(2) AT_STATX_FORCE_SYNC will require a network filesystem to synchronise
its attributes with the server - which might require data writeback to
occur to get the timestamps correct.(3) AT_STATX_DONT_SYNC will suppress synchronisation with the server in a
network filesystem. The resulting values should be considered
approximate.mask is a bitmask indicating the fields in struct statx that are of
interest to the caller. The user should set this to STATX_BASIC_STATS to
get the basic set returned by stat(). It should be noted that asking for
more information may entail extra I/O operations.buffer points to the destination for the data. This must be 256 bytes in
size.======================
MAIN ATTRIBUTES RECORD
======================The following structures are defined in which to return the main attribute
set:struct statx_timestamp {
__s64 tv_sec;
__s32 tv_nsec;
__s32 __reserved;
};struct statx {
__u32 stx_mask;
__u32 stx_blksize;
__u64 stx_attributes;
__u32 stx_nlink;
__u32 stx_uid;
__u32 stx_gid;
__u16 stx_mode;
__u16 __spare0[1];
__u64 stx_ino;
__u64 stx_size;
__u64 stx_blocks;
__u64 __spare1[1];
struct statx_timestamp stx_atime;
struct statx_timestamp stx_btime;
struct statx_timestamp stx_ctime;
struct statx_timestamp stx_mtime;
__u32 stx_rdev_major;
__u32 stx_rdev_minor;
__u32 stx_dev_major;
__u32 stx_dev_minor;
__u64 __spare2[14];
};The defined bits in request_mask and stx_mask are:
STATX_TYPE Want/got stx_mode & S_IFMT
STATX_MODE Want/got stx_mode & ~S_IFMT
STATX_NLINK Want/got stx_nlink
STATX_UID Want/got stx_uid
STATX_GID Want/got stx_gid
STATX_ATIME Want/got stx_atime{,_ns}
STATX_MTIME Want/got stx_mtime{,_ns}
STATX_CTIME Want/got stx_ctime{,_ns}
STATX_INO Want/got stx_ino
STATX_SIZE Want/got stx_size
STATX_BLOCKS Want/got stx_blocks
STATX_BASIC_STATS [The stuff in the normal stat struct]
STATX_BTIME Want/got stx_btime{,_ns}
STATX_ALL [All currently available stuff]stx_btime is the file creation time, stx_mask is a bitmask indicating the
data provided and __spares*[] are where as-yet undefined fields can be
placed.Time fields are structures with separate seconds and nanoseconds fields
plus a reserved field in case we want to add even finer resolution. Note
that times will be negative if before 1970; in such a case, the nanosecond
fields will also be negative if not zero.The bits defined in the stx_attributes field convey information about a
file, how it is accessed, where it is and what it does. The following
attributes map to FS_*_FL flags and are the same numerical value:STATX_ATTR_COMPRESSED File is compressed by the fs
STATX_ATTR_IMMUTABLE File is marked immutable
STATX_ATTR_APPEND File is append-only
STATX_ATTR_NODUMP File is not to be dumped
STATX_ATTR_ENCRYPTED File requires key to decrypt in fsWithin the kernel, the supported flags are listed by:
KSTAT_ATTR_FS_IOC_FLAGS
[Are any other IOC flags of sufficient general interest to be exposed
through this interface?]New flags include:
STATX_ATTR_AUTOMOUNT Object is an automount trigger
These are for the use of GUI tools that might want to mark files specially,
depending on what they are.Fields in struct statx come in a number of classes:
(0) stx_dev_*, stx_blksize.
These are local system information and are always available.
(1) stx_mode, stx_nlinks, stx_uid, stx_gid, stx_[amc]time, stx_ino,
stx_size, stx_blocks.These will be returned whether the caller asks for them or not. The
corresponding bits in stx_mask will be set to indicate whether they
actually have valid values.If the caller didn't ask for them, then they may be approximated. For
example, NFS won't waste any time updating them from the server,
unless as a byproduct of updating something requested.If the values don't actually exist for the underlying object (such as
UID or GID on a DOS file), then the bit won't be set in the stx_mask,
even if the caller asked for the value. In such a case, the returned
value will be a fabrication.Note that there are instances where the type might not be valid, for
instance Windows reparse points.(2) stx_rdev_*.
This will be set only if stx_mode indicates we're looking at a
blockdev or a chardev, otherwise will be 0.(3) stx_btime.
Similar to (1), except this will be set to 0 if it doesn't exist.
=======
TESTING
=======The following test program can be used to test the statx system call:
samples/statx/test-statx.c
Just compile and run, passing it paths to the files you want to examine.
The file is built automatically if CONFIG_SAMPLES is enabled.Here's some example output. Firstly, an NFS directory that crosses to
another FSID. Note that the AUTOMOUNT attribute is set because transiting
this directory will cause d_automount to be invoked by the VFS.[root@andromeda ~]# /tmp/test-statx -A /warthog/data
statx(/warthog/data) = 0
results=7ff
Size: 4096 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 1048576 directory
Device: 00:26 Inode: 1703937 Links: 125
Access: (3777/drwxrwxrwx) Uid: 0 Gid: 4041
Access: 2016-11-24 09:02:12.219699527+0000
Modify: 2016-11-17 10:44:36.225653653+0000
Change: 2016-11-17 10:44:36.225653653+0000
Attributes: 0000000000001000 (-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ---m---- --------)Secondly, the result of automounting on that directory.
[root@andromeda ~]# /tmp/test-statx /warthog/data
statx(/warthog/data) = 0
results=7ff
Size: 4096 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 1048576 directory
Device: 00:27 Inode: 2 Links: 125
Access: (3777/drwxrwxrwx) Uid: 0 Gid: 4041
Access: 2016-11-24 09:02:12.219699527+0000
Modify: 2016-11-17 10:44:36.225653653+0000
Change: 2016-11-17 10:44:36.225653653+0000Signed-off-by: David Howells
Signed-off-by: Al Viro